GU Flashcards
minimal change nephrotic sydrome may be abbreviated as
MCNS
MCNS is found in this population
kids
younger, between ages 2 - 6
Nephrotic syndrome and acute glomerulonephritis occurs mostly in which gender
males
hallmark sign of nephrotic syndrome
*edema/pitting edema (periorbital, scrotal)
proteinuria
s/s of nephrotic syndrome
proteinuria ascites hyperlipidemia anorexia fatigue abdominal pain hypoalbuminemia hypercholesterolemia foamy urine
what causes nephrotic syndrome
idiopathic
association w/upper respiratory infection
glomerulonephritis is usually followed by
exposure to group A strep throat infection (streptococcal)
glomerulonephritis s/s
inflammation at the level of the gomeruli hemauria (blood in urine) proteinuria some edema oliguria (small amount of urine) HTN
descriptive quality of urine w/acute glomerulonehpritis
coke or tea colored - dark/smoky
frothy urine
age group glomerulonephritis occurs
older, school-aged children 5-10 years old
***what type of response is glomerulonephritis
immunologic**
why do children with nephrotic syndrome get edema?
lack of protein albumin
deficient in basement membranes of kidney cells
becomes permeable to albumin/protein (not normal)
protein molecules are eliminated/lost albumin
protein leaks through membrane passed into urine
protein goes into interstitial tissues from intravascular department due to osmosis
when osmotic pressure is low kidneys secrete anti-diuretic hormone (renin, aldosterone, angiotensin) reabsorbing sodium and water further perpetuating edema
patho of nephrotic syndrome
glomerular injury protein leaks into urinary space plasma and cardiac output is down stimulation of adh (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone) sodium and water retention edema
what type of disorder is nephrotic syndrome
kidney disorder - glomerulus dysfunction
body is getting rid of protein
blood would be decreased in plasma protein
are immunoglobins decreased during nephrotic syndrome
yes - they are at greater risk for infection
do you have hypercoaguability during nephrotic syndrome
yes - can lead to thrombosis
is there an increase in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels w/nephrotic syndrome
yes
patho of glomerulonephritis
immune reaction where antigen and antibody complexes are formed on the glomeruli filtration (causing them to be bumpy)
inflammation response on glomeruli
decreased glomeruli filtration rate
renal insufficiency (decreased urinary output)
lose protein and blood (hemauria)
intervention for nephrotic syndrome
cortiscosteroid administration -careful to exposure of infection
limit activity with edema
intervention for acute glomerulonephritis
anti-hypertensive meds
limited activity
diet for nephrotic syndrome
small, freq meals
diet for acute glomerulonephritis
limit salt if HTN
nephrotic syndrome course
chronic - may relapse
acute glomerulonephritis course
acute - 2-3weeks
