Heart 112 Final Wilson Flashcards
cardiology
Study of the heart
Mediastinum
The medial cavity of the thorax
pericardium (visceral and parietal),
Double walled sac enclosing the heart (parietal layer is the outer layer and the visceral layer is the inner layer of the pericardium)
anastomosis,
union or joining of nerves, blood vessels or lymphatics
pulmonary circuit,
system of blood vessels that serves gas exchange in the lungs (i.e. pulmonary arteries, capillaries, and veins)
systemic circuit,
system of blood vessels that serves gas exchange in the body tissues
coronary sulcus,
(atrioventricular groove) encircles the junction of the atria and ventricles like a crown
intercalated disc,
specialized connections between myocardial cells containing gap junctions and desmosones
gap junction,
a passageway between two adjacent cells; formed by transmembrane proteins called connexons
plateau phase of cardiac action potential,
transmission of the depolarization wave down the T tubules causes sarcoplasmic reticulum to release Ca2+ into the sarcoplasm
electrocardiography (ECG),
used to measure electrical currents generated by the heart. Helps to determine if conduction pathway is abnormal, heart is enlarged and if certain regions are damaged.
autorhythmic (intrinsic),
self rhythmic: depolarize spontaneously and thus pace the heart.
pacemaker,
(Sinoatrial node) initiate the action potentials that spread throughout the heart to trigger its rhythmic contractions
conduction system of heart
The pacemakers and gap junctions are the route for the heart muscle depolarization wave; it does not move randomly, rather it travels in an coordinated pattern with organized timing to ensure that heart works as an effective pump.
auscultation,
listening for sounds within the body
diastole,
relaxation period of heart
systole,
contraction period of heart
cardiac output,
amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute
cardiac cycle,
includes all events associated with the blood flow through the heart during on complete contraction
stroke volume,
the volume of blood pumped out by one ventricle with each beat
end diastolic volume,
the amount of blood that collects in the a ventricle during diastole
end systolic volume,
the volume of blood remaining in a ventricle after it has contracted
preload,
degree to which cardiac muscle cells are stretched just before they contract