Health Problems of Newborn

Question 1

Soft tissue injuries

Answer 1

-Result of CPD (head too large to fit thru mom’s pelvis)
-Petechiae, ecchymosis, lacerations
-Maintain asepsis

Question 2

Head trauma

Answer 2

-Caput succedaneum
-Cephalohematoma
-Subgaleal hemorrhage
-Assessment of injury

Question 3

Fractures and nerve injuries

Answer 3

-Clavicle fxs most common
-Facial paralysis, brachial palsy (Erb), phrenic nerve paralysis
-Assist w/ feeding and positioning

Question 4

Cranial deformities

Answer 4

-Microcephaly (zika)
-Craniostenosis (fontanels close early)
-Early id of persistent cranial molding
-Monitor Hct and Hgb
-Helmet following surgery
-Look for s/s of bleeding

Question 5

Craniofacial deformities

Answer 5

-Pierre robin sequences (PRS)
-Cleft lip
-Cleft palate
-Supporting lip seal w/ breastfeeding or bottle-fed systems or modified nipples
-Support cheek and chin
-Ensure proper airway and positioning
-Protect suture site

Question 6

Problems r/t physiologic factors

Answer 6

-Hyperbilirubinemia, common for winter babies
-UV lights to clear bilirubin, protect eyes
-Breastfeeding jaundice, resolves on its own
-Bilirubin excreted thru stool
-High bilirubin accumulates in blood

Question 7

Hypoglycemia

Answer 7

-Come from diabetic moms
-D/t poor nutrition, poorly controlled DM, blood incompatibility, liver disease, infection
-May need more milk, if that doesn’t work, give oral dextrose gel or IV dextrose
-Shouldn’t be diaphoretic or shaky
-Seizures are dx sign
-Bluish tint to skin, hypothermia, inability to eat
-1st 24 hr: < 30
-After 1st day: < 35
-If after 1st day or 2, may be r/t other condition

Question 8

Problems caused by perinatal environmental factors

Answer 8

-Chemical agents
-Maternal alc, meds, drugs
-Infectious disease
-Radiation
-Teratogenic effects
-Radiation exposure