Health & Illness

Question 1

state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Answer 1

WHO definition of health

Question 2

Health can vary among what?

Answer 2

age
gender
race
culture

Question 3

Health can be affected by…

Answer 3

environment
lifestyle practices
physiological and psychological variables

Question 4

Whole being of an individual

Answer 4

physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, occupational, environmental

Question 5

A person’s idea’s, convictions, and attitudes about health and illness; concepts about health that an individual believes are true

Answer 5

Health Beliefs

Question 6

____ is influenced by beliefs that affect a pmts level of health

Answer 6

behavior

Question 7

relationship between beliefs and behavior; predicts behavior and compliance

Answer 7

Health Belief Model

Question 8

Perception of susceptibility to an illness is r/t

Answer 8

familial link

Question 9

Perception of the seriousness of the illness is r/t

Answer 9

demographics

socio-psychological factors

Question 10

Likelihood to take preventative action is r/t

Answer 10

lifestyle changes, adherence, seeking medical advice

Question 11

Specific knowledge and affect

Answer 11

behavior

–perceptions, interpersonal influences, situational

Question 12

basic human needs model for survival and health

Answer 12

Maslow’s Basic Human Needs Model

Question 13

Purpose of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 13

help understand interrelationship of needs; some needs must be met before others; focus on its needs rather than hierarchy

Question 14

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (lowest to greatest priority)

Answer 14

physiological
safety and security
love and belonging
self-esteem
self-actualization

Question 15

Physiological needs

Answer 15

survival - O2, H2O, food, warmth, shelter, elimination

Question 16

Safety and Security

Answer 16

physical and psychological - clothing, stable living environment, societal rules/laws, stable relationship

Question 17

Love and Belonging

Answer 17

affection, belonging - both giving and receiving; attaining a place in a group

Question 18

Self-esteem

Answer 18

self-respect, competence, independence - recognition and appreciation from others, self-worth

Question 19

Self-actualization

Answer 19

maximum potential - feeling content, satisfaction, need to develop maximum potential and realize one’s abilities and qualities

Question 20

focus on the whole person - consider emotional and spiritual well-being in physical health

Answer 20

Holistic Health model

Question 21

Influencing variables can either be ___ or ___

Answer 21

Internal; External

Question 22

Internal variables for human needs

Answer 22

developmental stage
intellectual stage
perception of functioning
emotional factors
spiritual factors

Question 23

External variables for human needs

Answer 23

family practices
socioeconomic factors
cultural background

Question 24

help maintain or enhance level of health; motivate to act positively

Answer 24

health promotion

Question 25

teach how to care for self; achieve new understanding and control

Answer 25

wellness

Question 26

motivate and avoid declines in heath or functional levels

Answer 26

illness prevention

Question 27

How many levels of illness prevention are there?

Answer 27

3

primary; secondary; tertiary

Question 28

primary prevention

Answer 28

precedes disease or dysfunction; applies to persons considered healthy

ex: immunizations

Question 29

secondary prevention

Answer 29

experiencing health probs or illnesses; prevent complications from becoming worse

ex: care for upper respiratory infection

Question 30

tertiary prevention

Answer 30

defect or disability is permanent and irreversible; minimizing long term effects; rehab

Question 31

anything increasing the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident

Answer 31

risk factor

Question 32

What will recognizing risk factors do?

Answer 32

guide health promotion, teaching, and measures to decrease risk of illness

Question 33

Genetic and physiological risk factors

Answer 33

genetic predisposition

physical conditions, increase physical stress, increase susceptibility to illness

Question 34

Age risk factors

Answer 34

increase or decrease susceptibility

associate with family and personal habits

Question 35

Environmental risk factors

Answer 35

where, conditions

Question 36

Lifestyle risk factors

Answer 36

+/- effect; sunbathing, smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, stress

Question 37

acute illness

Answer 37

short duration and severe

abrupt and intense symptoms

Question 38

chronic illness

Answer 38

persist (6 months)

functioning flutuates

Question 39

how ill people act; behavior

Answer 39

illness behavior

Question 40

What are the 5 stages of illness?

Answer 40

symptom experiences
assumption of sick role
medical care contact
dependent pt role
recovery or rehabilitation

Question 41

internal variable re: illness

Answer 41

perception of symptoms (will disrupt routine; seriousness; life-threatening)

nature of illness (acute or chronic)

Question 42

external variable re: illness

Answer 42

visibility of symptoms
social group/support
cultural background
economic variables
accessibility of health care system

Question 43

___ views a person as having both physiological and psychological needs; viewed together within a larger framework called basic human needs

Answer 43

Maslow’s Theory of Human Needs

Question 44

Knowledge of Human Needs allows the nurse to…

Answer 44

prioritize the client’s needs
anticipate the client’s needs
plan care for the client
understand the clients response or lack thereof to nursing interventions