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Competency Exam > Auditory Dysfunctions > Flashcards

Auditory Dysfunctions Flashcards

1
Q

Most common chronic disability in the US.

A

hearing loss

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of hearing loss?

A

Conductive

Sensorineural

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3
Q

What is conductive hearing loss?

A

inability of the sound waves to reach the the inner ear

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4
Q

What can cause conductive hearing loss?

A

cerumen build up or blockage
perforated tympani membrane
fixation of one or all ossicles

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5
Q

What is sensorineural hearing loss?

A

inner ear or cochlear portion of the cranial nerve VIII may be abnormal or diseased

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6
Q

What can cause sensorineural hearing loss?

A

tumor
infection
exposure to loud noises

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7
Q

What is Meniere’s disease?

A

state of hearing loss involving the inner ear that is characterized by vertigo, tinnitus, and unilateral fluctuating hearing loss

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8
Q

What causes Meniere’s disease?

A

unknown/idiopathic

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9
Q

Most common age group for Meniere’s disease?

A

30-60 year olds

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10
Q

s/sx of Meniere’s disease

A

episodic vertigo lasting 10 min to several hours
aural fullness
drop attacks (feels like being pulled to the ground)
irritability/other personality changes
ANS - pallor, sweating, N/V, HA

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11
Q

treatment of Meniere’s disease

A

bedrest
sedation
anti-emetics (Phenergan)
Streptomycin or Gentamycin IM if vertigo is uncontrollable
Antihistamine (Benadryl), Anticholinergics (Atropine) to suppress labyrinth during acute attacks

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12
Q

Home care for Meniere’s disease

A 
diuretics
antihistamines
vasodilators
neuroleptics
vitamins
diazepam (Valium)
low Na diet
restrict caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol intake
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13
Q

What is otosclerosis?

A

autosomal dominate disease
fixation of the foot plate of the stapes prevents sound transmission through the ossicles to the inner fluids, resulting in deafness

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14
Q

Cause of otosclerosis

A

unknown

effects more young women than men

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15
Q

s/sx of otosclerosis

A

tinnitus
gradual hearing loss
audiometric tests reveal conductive or mixed hearing loss
bone diction is better than air conduction
hx of slow, progressive hearing loss with no middle ear infection

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16
Q

treatment of otosclerosis

A 
hearing aids
analgesics
anti-emetics
abx
anti-motion sickness meds (Antivert)
stapedectomy
17
Q

What is a stapedectomy?

A

removal of stapes of the middle ear and insertion of a graft and prothesis

Competency Exam (15 decks)

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