Health Flashcards
When does 80% of Human Growth Hormone secrete?
While asleep
Where is human growth hormone secreted from and what does it do
Pituitary gland, triggers muscle/bone growth.
What are the American/Canadian Pediatric Society sleep recommendations per age
4-12 months = 12-16 hrs + naps 1-2 yrs = 11-14 hrs + naps 3-5 yrs = 10-13 hrs 6-12 yrs = 9-12 hrs 13-18 yrs = 8-10 hrs
What are the consequences of poor sleep
- Increased depression/anxiety
- Self-control problems
- Poor test performance, trouble learning new material/skills
In what way does watching TV too close to bedtime disrupt sleep?
- Promotes bedtime resistance/anxiety
- Fewer hours asleep/difficulty falling asleep
What are some sleeping solutions parents can do?
- Make bedtime enjoyable
- Adhere to regular schedule
- Make room dark/cool/quiet
- No caffeine
- Frequent naps (for infants)
Why are lots of calories needed for infants age 0-2?
For rapid organ/bone growth
How many calories do preschoolers need
1500-1700
How many calories do school-age children need?
2400
What is caffeine and what are its side effects
a stimulant, can lead to insomnia/headaches/heart palpitations/nausea/vomiting/seizures/jitters.
Why are energy drinks dangerous
They have more caffeine than is found naturallyn in foods
Who is most at risk for caffeine dependence?
children
How can families reduce risk of caffeine dependence?
promoting water, educating on benefits/risks
What is a selective eater
a person with an unwillingness to eat familiar foods/try new foods
When does selective eating usually start and why
age 2, because children are developing autonomy (theory of autonomy vs. shame/doubt)
Why should parents not pressure children to eat?
Can cause increased defiance
Why should parents not force children to eat
Because it can increase defiance
What is the best method for dealing with selective eaters?
Engaging in “autonomy support” to encourage children to self-regulate.
What characterizes malnutrition in children
being small for their age
How many children under 5 are malnourished (globally)
1/3
What are the negative effects of malnutrition in children?
- Motor/attention impairments
- Lower scores on intelligence tests
What is food security
Having access to consistent source of food
What is the number one cause of malnutrition in Canada?
food insecurity
How many children in Canada live in poverty
1/7
What percentage of canadian foodbank users are children?
35.2%
What percentage of canadians are children
20%
How many children in Canada don’t eat breakfast?
1/5 or 1/2 indigenous
What amount of calories should breakfast ideally provide
1/4 of daily calories
What are the consequences of not eating breakfast
body becomes lethargic to conserve energy
What is a larger consequence of a child being lethargic
If a child is too lethargic to engage in activities like reading, a parent might misperceive that as disinterest and not read with them as much.
What are some family-based solutions to short-term hunger
Teaching parents to break the inactivity cycle
What is the formula to improve short term hunger
dietary supplements + parental training = positive impact
What is a federal solution to short-term hunger
Breakfast club of canada
What % of eating disorder sufferers are each gender
90% women, 10% men
What percentage of women age 15-24 suffer from eating disorders
1.5%
What makes a 5 year old more likely to develop disordered eatng
observing mothers who diet, prioritize eating less
What percent of girls in grades 9-10 see themselves as too fat
40% of girls (19% of teens)
What percent of students attempt to lose weight
12%
What are the eating disorder risk factors
- genetics/family history
- selective eating/pica
- lack of control/increased trauma
- Societal/cultural norms around food/body image
What are some family-based solutions to eating disorders
- self-worth is not related to physical appearances
- Listen to natural hunger cues
- parents model healthy lifestyle
- treatment interventions
How many kids in canada are overweight or obese
1/5 are overweight, 1/8 are obese
What are the consequences of childhood obesity
becoming unpopular, low self esteem, poor academic performance, high blood pressure, diabetes.
What are the risk factors of obesity
hereditary, “clean your plate” mentality, food to comfort children, sedentary lifestyle, too little sleep.
What are some in-school solutions for obesity
- Action Schools! BC
- Being active in the classroom
After age 1, what is the most likely cause of death
Accidents
What are the most common accidents to kill children
Car accidents (improper use of seatbelts/carseats)
What are some accidents to children caused by lack of supervision
Drowning, burns, suffocation
Which accidents are the biggest cause of death to adolescents
car accidents, gun accidents
How many children die before their 5th birthday due to disease
8 million (globally)
Why has there been a decline in child deaths due to disease
increase of immunizations/vaccinations
By how much has vaccine research in Canada decreased disease
over 90%
What is one danger of decreased disease
Diseases are less common and therefore the public is not as aware of them
What diseases NOT caused by vaccines
Sudden infant death syndrome, brain damage, IBS, MS, autism.
What is a confirmation bias
The tendency to seek information which backs up our existing opinion/view on a subject
What is the most important factor to convince parents to immunize children
Recommendation of a trusted doctor
