headaches Flashcards
1
Q
what are the headache red flags to consider?
A
- acute onset of severe pain
- worse on lying down
- papilloedema
- focal neurological signs
- developmental regression
- personality change
- increased head circumference
- vomiting
- bradycardia/ hypotension
2
Q
what kind of headache causes can you get in childhood?(8)
A
- migraine
- tension headache
- bad eyesight headache
- analgesia headache
- infection
- raised ICP
- sinusitis
- hypertension
3
Q
what might you want to do on examination?
A
- CNS, PNS and GALS
- look for petechial rash/ trauma
- examine pupils and fundi
4
Q
what is the chocolate mnemonic for precipitants?
what do you give for prophylactic migraine? in an acute attack?
A
- chocolate/cheese
- OCP
- caffeine
- ethanOL
- travel
- exercise
- propranolol
- sumatriptan
5
Q
what does a migraine without aura tend to be like?
what do migraines without aura tend to be precipitated/aggravated by?
what is the treatment for this?
A
- (90% of migraines)
- bilateral, pulsatile over temporal and frontal areas
- exercise
- no drugs given
- avoid triggers
6
Q
describe a cluster headache?
what differentiates it from temporal arteritis?
A
- sudden onset severe unilateral periorbital pain
- attacks occur in clusters a few times a day for weeks
- eye redness, tears/ swelling
- non-pulsatile
7
Q
what is the treatment for cluster headaches?
A
- sumatriptan acutely
- calcium channel blockers prophylaxis
8
Q
what are the signs of raised ICP from history?
A
- seizures
- focal neurological signs
- morning vomiting
- nocturnal pain
