Head, Pharynx, and Nasal Cavity Flashcards
What is the osseous nasal septum a part of in the horse?
Ethmoid bone
What is above the hard palate in the horse? Below?
Nasal cavity
Oral cavity
What do the mucous membranes on both sides of the turbinates do?
Increase the surface air for smelling and protection against particulates
Warms and moistens the air
What are the cavities that the turbinates are divided by?
Dorsal meatus
Middle meatus
Ventral meatus
Where would you want to pass a tube?
Through the ventral meatus
What is an area with no teeth called?
Interdental space
What is the maxillary sinus in a horse? What is this called in the dog?
The hollow space between the maxillary bones
Maxillary recess
What happens in the area of the soft palate?
There is an exchange between air and food
What is the area above the soft palate?
Nasopharynx
What is the area below the soft palate?
Oropharynx
What is the arytenoid cartilage?
Pair of cartilages that shut the larynx
What happens during the act of a swallow?
The nasopharynx constricts and the soft palate moves up
What kind of breathers are horses?
Obligate nasal breathers
Describe the flow of air
Nasal cavity Choanae Nasopharynx Palatopharyngeal arches Larynx Cricoid cartilage Trachea
Describe the flow of food
Oral cavity Palatoglossal arches Oropharynx Laryngopharynx Esophagus
What is the tube to the ear the connects with the nasopharynx?
Auditory tube
What happens when the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle contracts?
The arytenoids abduct the larynx
What nerve innervates the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle?
Vagus
What would happen if the vagus nerve is paralyzed?
The animal would suffocate
What happens if the orbiculus oculi is paralyzed?
It leads to no more blinking which causes the cornea to dry out
What does CN 7 go from and to?
Internal acoustic meatus to stylomastoid foramen
Where does the parotid salivary gland empty?
At the 4th premolar
What can occur because the parotid salivary gland empties at the 4th premolar?
Tartar build up
How does the monostomatic sublingual salivary gland empty its content?
By way of one opening under the tongue
