Canine Hindlimb Flashcards
What is the stile joint formed from?
Distal femur
Proximal tibia
Proximal fibula
What kind joint is the stifle joint?
Synovial joint
What are the primary actions of the stifle joint?
Flexion and extension
What is the origin of the lateral collateral ligament?
Lateral epicondyle of the femur
What is the insertion of the lateral collateral ligament?
Head the fibula and the adjacent tibial condyle
What is the origin of the medial collateral ligament?
Medial epicondyle of the femur
What is the insertion of the medial collateral ligament?
Proximal-medial tibia
What is attached to the medial collateral ligament?
Medial meniscus
What do the collateral ligaments do?
Primarily stabilizers
Prevents medial and lateral bending
Describe the caudal cruciate
Origin is the lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle
Travels distally and caudally to attach on the popliteal notch
Describe the cranial cruciate
Origin is the caudomedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle
Travels cranially and distally
Insertion is the cranial intercondylar area of the tibia
Which cruciate ligament is most commonly damaged?
Cranial cruciate ligament
What are the cruciate ligaments nourished by?
Synovial membrane that sheathes them
What are the functions of the cruciate ligaments?
Primarily stabilizers of the joint
Provide stability for/prevent medial and lateral bending
Prevent hyperextension of the joint
Provide rotational stability
Cranial cruciate prevents cranial displacement of the tibia during weight bearing
What is a meniscus?
Fibrocartilaginous disc between the femoral condyles and the tibial condyles
What are the attachments of the medial meniscus?
Cranial and caudal tibial attachment
What are the attachments of the lateral meniscus?
Cranial and caudal tibial attachment
Attachment on the fibula (meniscofemoral ligament)
Which meniscus is the most likely to be damaged?
Medial
What is the breakdown of the nourishment of the menisci?
10-15% of the outer menisci are nourished by the joint capsule
The remaining are nourished with synovial fluid
What are functions of the menisci?
Fill the incongruence between the femur and tibia
Provides joint stability
Load transfer/shock absorber
Disperse the synovial fluid
Prevents the synovial membrane from becoming entrapped between the articular surfaces of the femur and the tibia
What makes up the femoral triangle?
Caudal part of sartorious
Pectineus
Inguinal ligament
