Head & Neck Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following occurs when the blastula contacts the endometrium?

A. Fertilization

B. Zygote

C. Morula

D. Blastula

E. Implantation

A

E. Implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which of the following occurs when sperm and egg unite in the Fallopian tube?

A. Fertilization

B. Zygote

C. Morula

D. Blastula

E. Implantation

A

A. Fertilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following refers to a ball of cells that is the result of cleavage?

A. Fertilization

B. Zygote

C. Morula

D. Blastula

E. Implantation

A

C. Morula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which of the following refers to the initial diploid cell?

A. Fertilization

B. Zygote

C. Morula

D. Blastula

E. Implantation

A

B. Zygote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_______ refers to the ball of cells once it develops a cavity called a blastocoel.

A. Fertilization

B. Zygote

C. Morula

D. Blastula

E. Implantation

A

D. Blastula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the following refers to the outer cell mass that will form the placenta?

A. Embryoblast

B. Trophoblast

A

B. Trophoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which of the following refers to the inner cell mass that will form the embryo proper?

A. Embryoblast

B. Trophoblast

A

A. Embryoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

All of the following are associated with the first week of embryology EXCEPT:

A. Gastrulation

B. Zygote

C. Morula

D. Blastula

E. Implantation

A

A. Gastrulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Discuss the 2nd week of embryology in regards to each of the following:

  • Inner cell mass becomes a bilaminar disc that consists of an _______ and ________.
  • _______ = 3 germ layers
  • _______ = disappears
  • _______ and _______ form in the 2nd week.
  • Primitive node and primitive streak on the dorsal side of the embryo identifies the caudal ________.
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What major thing occurs in the 3rd week known as the Embryonic Period?

A

Gastrulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Discuss the Embryonic Period in regards to the 3rd week of embryology:

  • ________ refers to transition form single sheet of cells to 3 distinct germ layers.
  • What are those three layers?
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which of the following gives forms tooth enamel?

A. Surface Ectoderm

B. Mesoderm

C. Neural crest

D. Endoderm

A

A. Surface Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the other components of tooth (everything except enamel)?

A. Surface Ectoderm

B. Mesoderm

C. Neural crest

D. Endoderm

A

C. Neural crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The Endoderm gives rise to all of the following EXCEPT?

A. Red blood cells

B. Lung cells (alveolar)

C. Thyroid cells

D. Digestive cells

A

A. Red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which of the following does the Ectoderm give rise to?

A. Cardiac muscle

B. Skeletal muscle

C. Pigment cells

D. Tubule cells

E. Smooth muscle

A

C. Pigment cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Review the 3rd week in embryology in regards to each of the following:

  • Ectoderm
  • Mesoderm
  • Endoderm
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Phayngeal Arches are a series of externally visible anterior tissue bands lying under the early brain that give rise to _____ and _____ structures.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which of the following is known as the primitive ear?

A. Stomodeum

B. Optic placode

C. Otic placode

D. Blastopore

A

C. Otic placode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which of the following is known as the primitive anus?

A. Stomodeum

B. Optic placode

C. Otic placode

D. Blastopore

A

D. Blastopore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which of the following is known as the primitive eye?

A. Stomodeum

B. Optic placode

C. Otic placode

D. Blastopore

A

B. Optic placode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which of the following is known as the primitive oral cavity?

A. Stomodeum

B. Optic placode

C. Otic placode

D. Blastopore

A

A. Stomodeum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The Pharyngeal arches contain each of the following EXCEPT:

A. An internal endodermal pouch

B. A mesenchymal core (mesoderm and neural crest w/ artery, nerve, muscle and cartilage)

C. An external Ectodermal cleft

D. Pharyngeal arches contain all of the above

A

D. Pharyngeal arches contain all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Pharyngeal arch 2 (hyoid arch) gives rise to which of the following?

A. Maxilla

B. Mandible

C. Meckel’s cartilage

D. Reichert’s cartilage

E. Incus

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

D. Reichert’s cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which of the following gives rise to Meckel’s cartilage?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

Pharyngeal arch 1 = Meckel’s cartilage

Pharyngeal arch 2 = Reichert’s cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which of the following gives rise to Cricoid cartilage?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which of the following gives rise to Thyroid cartilage?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the maxilla, mandible, and malleus?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

note: the Mandibular arch (pharyngeal arch 1) gives rise to all of the M’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the muscles of mastication?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the muscles of facial expression?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

Arch 1 = MOM

Arch 2 - MFE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the Laryngeal muscles?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the Stylopharyngeus muscles?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the Stylohoid ligament?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

Note: Pharyngeal arch 2 is known as the hyoid arch = Stylohyoid ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the Sphenomandibular ligament?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

Note: Pharyngeal arch 1 is known as the mandibular arch = Sphenomandibular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the lower half of hyoid body and greater horns?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the upper half of hyoid body and lesser horns?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

Pharyngeal arch 2 = upper half of hyoid

Pharyngeal arch 3 = lower half of hyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the posterior digastric muscle?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the anterior digastric muscle?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

Arch 1 = Anterior digastric

Arch 2 = Posterior digastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the tensor veil palatini and tensor tympani?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

Note: pharyngeal arch 1 is innervated by CN V = all tensors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ CN V?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ CN VII?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

Note: CN 5, 7, 9, 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ CN IX?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

Note: CN 5, 7, 9, 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ CN X?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

Note: CN 5, 7, 9, 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Pharyngeal Arch 2 gives rise to each of the following EXCEPT:

A. Styloid

B. Stapes

C. Stapedius

D. Malleus

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

D. Malleus

Arch 1 = malleus and incus

Arch 2 = Styloid, Stapes, Stapedius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Which of the following gives rise to cricothyroid, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, and pharyngeal constrictor muscles?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

E. Pharyngeal arch 6

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Pharyngeal Arch 4 gives rise to all of the following muscles EXCEPT:

A. Cricothyroid muscle

B. Levator veli palatini

C. Palatoglossus muscle

D. Tensor veli palatini

E. Pharyngeal constrictor muscle

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A

D. Tensor veli palatini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Discuss Pharyngeal Arch 1 in regards to each of the following:

  • What is another name for Pharyngeal arch 1?
  • What cranial nerve is associated w/ Pharyngeal arch 1?
  • What skeleton/cartilage does Pharyngeal arch 1 give rise to?
  • What muscles do pharyngeal arch 1 give rise to?
  • What ligament does pharyngeal arch 1 give rise to?

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Discuss Pharyngeal Arch 2 in regards to each of the following:

  • What is another name for Pharyngeal arch 2?
  • What cranial nerve is associated w/ Pharyngeal arch 2?
  • What skeleton/cartilage does Pharyngeal arch 2 give rise to?
  • What muscles do pharyngeal arch 2 give rise to?
  • What ligament does pharyngeal arch 2 give rise to?

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Discuss Pharyngeal Arch 3 in regards to each of the following:

  • What cranial nerve is associated w/ Pharyngeal arch 3?
  • What skeleton/cartilage does Pharyngeal arch 3 give rise to?
  • What muscles do pharyngeal arch 3 give rise to?

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Discuss Pharyngeal Arch 4 in regards to each of the following:

What cranial nerve is associated w/ Pharyngeal arch 4?

What skeleton/cartilage does Pharyngeal arch 4 give rise to?

What muscles do pharyngeal arch 4 give rise to?

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Discuss Pharyngeal Arch 6 in regards to each of the following:

What cranial nerve is associated w/ Pharyngeal arch 6?

What skeleton/cartilage does Pharyngeal arch 6 give rise to?

What muscles do pharyngeal arch 6 give rise to?

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What week do the pharyngeal arches arise?

A. Week 2

B. Week 3

C. Week 4

D. Week 5

A

C. Week 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Each of the following arches are associated w/ the Cervical Sinus Cleft EXCEPT:

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

A

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Which of the following arches give rise to the External Auditory Meatus (EAM) Cleft?

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

B. Pharyngeal arch 2

C. Pharyngeal arch 3

D. Pharyngeal arch 4

A

A. Pharyngeal arch 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ pharyngeal arch 1?

A. Trigeminal ganglion

B. Geniculate ganglion

C. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN IX

D. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN X

A

A. Trigeminal ganglion

Note: remember 5, 7, 9, 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ pharyngeal arch 3?

A. Trigeminal ganglion

B. Geniculate ganglion

C. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN X

D. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN IX

A

D. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN IX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ pharyngeal arch 2?

A. Trigeminal ganglion

B. Geniculate ganglion

C. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN X

D. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN IX

A

B. Geniculate ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ pharyngeal arch 4?

A. Trigeminal ganglion

B. Geniculate ganglion

C. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN X

D. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN IX

A

C. Inferior sensory ganglion of CN X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Pharyngeal arch 2 is associated w/ which of the following?

A. Eustachian tube and tympanic cavity

B. Inferior parathyroids and thymus

C. Palatine tonsil

D. Superior parathyroids and ultimobranchial body (parafollicular cells of thyroid)

A

C. Palatine tonsil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Pharyngeal arch 3 is associated w/ which of the following?

A. Eustachian tube and tympanic cavity

B. Inferior parathyroids and thymus

C. Palatine tonsil

D. Superior parathyroids and ultimobranchial body (parafollicular cells of thyroid)

A

B. Inferior parathyroids and thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Pharyngeal arch 1 is associated w/ which of the following?

A. Eustachian tube and tympanic cavity

B. Inferior parathyroids and thymus

C. Palatine tonsil

D. Superior parathyroids and ultimobranchial body (parafollicular cells of thyroid)

A

A. Eustachian tube and tympanic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Pharyngeal arch 4 is associated w/ which of the following?

A. Eustachian tube and tympanic cavity

B. Inferior parathyroids and thymus

C. Palatine tonsil

D. Superior parathyroids and ultimobranchial body (parafollicular cells of thyroid)

A

D. Superior parathyroids and ultimobranchial body (parafollicular cells of thyroid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

When does the Pituitary gland begin forming?

A. Week 2

B. Week 3

C. Week 4

D. Week 5

A

C. Week 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Which of the following gives rise to the anterior pituitary?

A. Forebrain

B. Diencephalon

C. Rathke’s pouch

D. All of the above

A

C. Rathke’s pouch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

All of the following are involved with the formation of the posterior pituitary EXCEPT:

A. Stomodeum

B. Forebrain

C. Diencephalon

D. All of the above

A

A. Stomodeum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

All of the following arise in the 4th week of embryology EXCEPT:

A. Tongue

B. Ear

C. Thyroid gland

D. Pituitary gland

A

B. Ear

Ear = week 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Which of the following provides sensory, taste and motor innervation to the base of the tongue?

A. CN V

B. CN VII

C. CN IX

D. CN X

E. CN XII

A

D. CN X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Which of the following provides taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A. CN V

B. CN VII

C. CN IX

D. CN X

E. CN XII

A

B. CN VII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Which of the following provides taste and sensory to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A. CN V

B. CN VII

C. CN IX

D. CN X

E. CN XII

A

C. CN IX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

All of the following cranial nerves provide sensory innervation to the tongue EXCEPT:

A. CN V

B. CN VII

C. CN IX

D. CN X

***GOT A PRACTICE Q - DENTAL MASTERY***

A

B. CN VII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves provides sensory innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A. CN V

B. CN VII

C. CN IX

D. CN X

A

A. CN V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves provides sensory innervation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A. CN V

B. CN VII

C. CN IX

D. CN X

A

C. CN IX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Discuss the Thyroid gland in regards to embryology:

  • What week does the Thyroid form?
  • Descends through the neck carrying with it the ________, which connects to the ______ of the tongue.
  • An undescended thyroid may sit at the base of the tongue as a __________ (hint: from oral path section)
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Discuss the Ear in regards to embryology:

  • What week does the ear form?
  • Ear develops from 6 auricular hillocks from which two pharyngeal arches?
  • Retinoic acid (________) can cause first and second arch defects.
  • What are those two defects?
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Review Cleft Lip and Palate in regards to the embryology section?

  • How many weeks in utero is associated w/ cleft lip?
  • MMP and MP _______.
  • How many weeks in utero is associated w/ cleft palate?
  • MMP and MP ______.
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Discuss DiGeorge Syndrome in regards to each of the following:

  • What does each letter in the acronym CATCH 22 refer to?
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Review the Skull in regards to each of the following:

  • _______ forms the anterior skull, _________ forms the posterior skull.
  • Bones of the skull can be divided into those of the ______ and the _______.
  • There’s a lot more information about the skull, just read through it.
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Discuss the Cranium/Neurocranium in regards to each of the following:

  • Subdivided anatomically into a _____ and a _____.
  • There’s more information, just read through it…
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Review the Face/Vicerocranium:

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Discuss Fontanelles in regards to each of the following:

  • What are Fontanelles?
  • Frontal Fontanelle = ?
  • Occipital Fontanelle = ?
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Which of the following sutures fuses both parietal bones?

A. Frontal/metopic suture

B. Coronal suture

C. Sagittal suture

D. Squamous suture

E. Lambdoid suture

A

C. Sagittal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Which of the following sutures fuses parietal bone with the temporal bone?

A. Frontal/metopic suture

B. Coronal suture

C. Sagittal suture

D. Squamous suture

E. Lambdoid suture

A

D. Squamous suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Which of the following sutures fuses frontal bone with two parietal bones?

A. Frontal/metopic suture

B. Coronal suture

C. Sagittal suture

D. Squamous suture

E. Lambdoid suture

A

B. Coronal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Which of the following sutures fuses the occipital bone with two parietal bones?

A. Frontal/metopic suture

B. Coronal suture

C. Sagittal suture

D. Squamous suture

E. Lambdoid suture

A

E. Lambdoid suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Which of the following sutures closes within 3-9 months after birth?

A. Frontal/metopic suture

B. Coronal suture

C. Sagittal suture

D. Squamous suture

E. Lambdoid suture

A

A. Frontal/metopic suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Which of the following is where the coronal and sagittal sutures intersect?

A. Lambda

B. Coronal suture

C. Bregma

D. Squamous suture

E. Lambdoid suture

A

C. Bregma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

Which of the following is where the sagittal and lambdoid sutures intersect?

A. Lambda

B. Coronal suture

C. Bregma

D. Squamous suture

E. Lambdoid suture

A

A. Lambda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Which of the following is caused by early closure of coronal and lambdoid sutures on both sides of skull?

A. Scaphocephaly

B. Brachycephaly

C. Plaqgiocephaly

D. All of the above

A

B. Brachycephaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

Which of the following is caused by early closure of coronal and lambdoid sutures on one side of the skull?

A. Scaphocephaly

B. Brachycephaly

C. Plagiocephaly

D. All of the above

A

C. Plagiocephaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Which of the following is caused by early closure of the saggital suture?

A. Scaphocephaly

B. Brachycephaly

C. Plaqgiocephaly

D. All of the above

A

A. Scaphocephaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

The primary function of sinuses is to ______ of the front of the skull.

A

Reduce weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Review the mandible in regards to anatomy:

  • Because the ______ of the mandible adapts to changes in the ________, the angle varies with age-related changes in dentition.
  • There’s more info, just read through it…
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

Principle lines of fracture (_____________) are the weakest areas of the skull and are common sites for fractures.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

What are the 7 bones of the Orbit?

Hint: “FLaME SPaZ”

***BOARDS***

A

FLaME SPaZ

  • Frontal
  • Lacrimal
  • Maxillary
  • Ethmoid
  • Sphenoid
  • Palatine
  • Zygomatic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

All of the following are bones of the Ethmoid bone EXCEPT:

A. Sella turcica

B. Crista galli

C. Uncinate process

D. Cribiform plate

E. Superior and middle nasal conchae

A

A. Sella turcica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

All of the following are bones of the Sphenoid bone EXCEPT:

A. Sella turcica

B. Clinoid process

C. Lesser wing

D. Greater wing

E. Cribiform plate

A

E. Cribiform plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

Which of the ethmoid bones does CN I pass through?

A. Crista galli

B. Uncinate process

C. Cribiform plate

D. Superior and middle nasal conchae

A

C. Cribiform plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

Which of the ethmoid bones does the falx cerebri of dura mater attach?

A. Crista galli

B. Uncinate process

C. Cribiform plate

D. Superior and middle nasal conchae

A

A. Crista galli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

Which of the ethmoid bones is a sickle-shaped extension that directs sinus drainage to the middle meatus?

A. Crista galli

B. Uncinate process

C. Cribiform plate

D. Superior and middle nasal conchae

A

B. Uncinate process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

Which of the Sphenoid bones is part of the anterior cranial fossa?

A. Sella turcica

B. Clinoid processes

C. Lesser wing

D. Greater wing

A

C. Lesser wing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

Which of the Sphenoid bones is part of the middle cranial fossa?

A. Sella turcica

B. Clinoid processes

C. Lesser wing

D. Greater wing

A

D. Greater wing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

Which of the Sphenoid bones houses the pituitary gland?

A. Sella turcica

B. Clinoid processes

C. Lesser wing

D. Greater wing

A

A. Sella turcica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

Which of the Sphenoid bones surround the sella turcica and attaches to dura mater?

A. Crista galli

B. Clinoid processes

C. Lesser wing

D. Greater wing

A

B. Clinoid processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

What are the 3 components of the Nasal Septum?

***HIGH YIELD BOARDS***

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

Which of the following is the opening to anterior and middle ethmoid sinuses, maxillary sinuses and frontal sinus through the semilunar hiatus?

A. Superior Nasal meatus

B. Middle nasal meatus

C. Inferior nasal meatus

***BOARDS***

A

B. Middle nasal meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

Which of the following is the opening to sphenoid sinus, posterior ethmoid sinus and sphenopalatine foramen?

A. Superior Nasal meatus

B. Middle nasal meatus

C. Inferior nasal meatus

A

A. Superior Nasal meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

Which of the following is associated with the nasolacrimal duct?

A. Superior Nasal meatus

B. Middle nasal meatus

C. Inferior nasal meatus

A

C. Inferior nasal meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

All of the following are associated with the Superior Nasal Meatus EXCEPT:

A. Sphenoid sinus

B. Posterior ethmoid sinus

C. Anterior ethmoid sinus

D. Sphenopalatine foramen

A

C. Anterior ethmoid sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ the semilunar hiatus?

A. Superior Nasal meatus

B. Middle nasal meatus

C. Inferior nasal meatus

***BOARDS***

A

B. Middle nasal meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

All of the following are associated w/ the Middle Nasal Meatus EXCEPT:

A. Anterior ethmoid sinus

B. Middle ethmoid sinus

C. Maxillary sinus

D. Frontal sinus

E. Posterior ethmoid sinus

A

E. Posterior ethmoid sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

______ is an opening that allows vital structures to pass from one part of the body to another.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

The Supraorbital nerve (V1), artery and vein pass through the supraorbital foramen of the ________.

A. Frontal

B. Maxilla

C. Mandible

D. Ethmoid

A

A. Frontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

The infraorbital nerve (V2), artery and vein pass through the infraorbital foramen of the ________.

A. Frontal

B. Maxilla

C. Mandible

D. Ethmoid

A

B. Maxilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

CN 1 passes through the Cribiform plate of the ________.

A. Frontal bone

B. Maxilla

C. Mandible

D. Ethmoid bone

A

D. Ethmoid bone

Note: baby’s crib smells bad = CN 1 (olfactory nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

The mental nerve (V3), artery, vein passes through the mental foramen of ________.

A. Frontal bone

B. Maxilla

C. Mandible

D. Ethmoid bone

A

C. Mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

Which of the following is associated with CN 1 (olfactory nerve)?

A. Crista galli

B. Supraorbital foramen

C. Infraorbital foramen

D. Cribiform plate

A

D. Cribiform plate

Note: baby’s crib smells bad = CN 1 (olfactory nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ CN V3?

A. Superior orbital fissure

B. Foramen rotundum

C. Foramen spinosum

D. Foramen ovale

A

D. Foramen ovale

Hint: “Standing Room Only”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ CN V1?

A. Superior orbital fissure

B. Foramen rotundum

C. Foramen spinosum

D. Foramen ovale

E. Foramen lacerum

A

A. Superior orbital fissure

Hint: “Standing Room Only”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ CN V2?

A. Superior orbital fissure

B. Foramen rotundum

C. Foramen spinosum

D. Foramen ovale

E. Foramen lacerum

A

B. Foramen rotundum

Hint: “Standing Room Only”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

All of the following passes through the optic canal EXCEPT:

A. CN II

B. Ophthalmic artery

C. Ophthalmic vein

D. All of the above pass through the optic canal

A

C. Ophthalmic vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

Which of the following does the middle meningeal artery pass through?

A. Optic canal

B. Superior orbital fissure

C. Foramen rotundum

D. Foramen ovale

E. Foramen spinosum

A

E. Foramen spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

Which of the following does the lesser petrosal nerve pass through?

A. Foramen lacerum

B. Superior orbital fissure

C. Foramen rotundum

D. Foramen ovale

E. Foramen spinosum

A

D. Foramen ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

Which of the following does the greater petrosal and deep petrosal nerves pass through?

A. Foramen lacerum

B. Superior orbital fissure

C. Foramen rotundum

D. Foramen ovale

E. Foramen spinosum

A

A. Foramen lacerum

124
Q

Which of the following does the Vidian nerve pass through?

A. Foramen lacerum

B. Superior orbital fissure

C. Foramen rotundum

D. Foramen ovale

E. Foramen spinosum

A

A. Foramen lacerum

Greater petrosal + Deep petrosal = Vidian nerve

125
Q

All of the following pass through the Superior Orbital Fissure EXCEPT:

A. CN III

B. CN IV

C. CN VI

D. CN V1

E. All of the above pass through superior orbital fissure

A

E. All of the above pass through superior orbital fissure

126
Q

Discuss the Temporal bone in regards to each of the following:

  • What artery passes through the Carotid canal?
  • What CN’s pass through the internal auditory meatus?
  • What CN’s pass through the jugular foramen?
A
127
Q

Discuss the Occipital bone in regards to each of the following:

  • What CN passes through the Hypoglossal canal?
  • What passes through the Foramen magnum?
A
128
Q

Discuss the Pterygopalatine Fossa in regards to each of the following:

  • Lateral surface —> opening? —> contents?
  • Medial Surface –> border? –> opening? –> contents?
  • Superior surface –> border? –> opening? –> contents?

***BOARD LOVES***

A
129
Q

Discuss the Pterygopalatine Fossa in regards to each of the following:

  • Inferior surface —> opening? —> contents?
  • Anterior Surface –> border?
  • Posterior surface –> border? –> opening? –> contents?

***BOARD LOVES***

A
130
Q

Which of the following surfaces of the Pterygopalatine Fossa borders the maxilla?

A. Lateral surface

B. Medial surface

C. Superior surface

D. Posterior surface

E. Anterior surface

***BOARD LOVES***

A

E. Anterior surface

131
Q

Which of the following surfaces of the Pterygopalatine Fossa contain the Inferior orbital fissure opening?

A. Inferior surface

B. Medial surface

C. Superior surface

D. Posterior surface

E. Anterior surface

***BOARD LOVES***

A

C. Superior surface

132
Q

Which of the following surfaces of the Pterygopalatine Fossa borders the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone?

A. Inferior surface

B. Medial surface

C. Superior surface

D. Posterior surface

E. Anterior surface

***BOARD LOVES***

A

B. Medial surface

133
Q

Which of the following surfaces of the Pterygopalatine Fossa borders the Pyramidal process of the palatine bone?

A. Inferior surface

B. Medial surface

C. Superior surface

D. Posterior surface

E. Anterior surface

***BOARD LOVES***

A

A. Inferior surface

134
Q

Which of the following surfaces of the Pterygopalatine Fossa borders the Greater wing of sphenoid?

A. Inferior surface

B. Medial surface

C. Superior surface

D. Posterior surface

E. Anterior surface

***BOARD LOVES***

A

C. Superior surface

135
Q

Which of the following surfaces of the Pterygopalatine Fossa borders the Pterygoid process of sphenoid?

A. Inferior surface

B. Medial surface

C. Superior surface

D. Posterior surface

E. Anterior surface

***BOARD LOVES***

A

D. Posterior surface

136
Q

All of the following are associated with the anterior cranial fossa EXCEPT:

A. Frontal, ethmoid, lesser wing of sphenoid

B. Lies over nasal cavity and orbit

C. Greater wing of sphenoid and temporal lobes

D. Houses frontal lobes

A

C. Greater wing of sphenoid and temporal lobes

137
Q

Which of the following below is associated with the middle cranial fossa?

A. Frontal, ethmoid, lesser wing of sphenoid

B. Lies over nasal cavity and orbit

C. Greater wing of sphenoid and temporal lobes

D. Houses frontal lobes

A

C. Greater wing of sphenoid and temporal lobes

138
Q

Which of the following houses the brain stem and cerebellum?

A. Anterior cranial fossa

B. Middle cranial fossa

C. Posterior cranial fossa

A

C. Posterior cranial fossa

139
Q

Which of the following houses the pituitary gland?

A. Anterior cranial fossa

B. Middle cranial fossa

C. Posterior cranial fossa

A

B. Middle cranial fossa

140
Q

Discuss Fascia in regards to each of the following:

  • Thin casing of _______ beneath the skin that surrounds and holds every organ, blood vessel, bone, nerve fiber and muscle in place:
  • Superficial fascia = ?
  • Deep fascia = ?
  • Visceral fascia = ?
A
141
Q

Discuss Superficial Cervical Fascia in regards to each of the following:

  • Located between _______ and _______ fascia.
  • Surrounds ______ and _______ and ________.
A
142
Q

Discuss Deep Cervical Fascia in regards to each of the following:

  • Investing = surrounds _____ and ______ muscles.
  • Visceral = surrounds ______ viscera.
    • Pretracheal = anterior/posterior?
    • Buccopharyngeal = anterior/posterior?
  • Prevertebral = surrounds ____ muscles, _______ plexus and _____ plexus? (3)
  • Carotid sheath = surrounds what 4 things?
A
143
Q

Deep fascia encloses _______ spaces into which infections of dental origin can spread. Infection will always follow the path of least resistance (bone density, muscle attachment)

A
144
Q

What are the 5 cardinal signs of infection?

A
145
Q

Which of the following refers to heat?

A. Dolor

B. Tumor

C. Calor

D. Rubor

E. Functio laesa

A
146
Q

Which of the following refers to loss of function (trismus, dyspenea, dysphagia)?

A. Dolor

B. Tumor

C. Calor

D. Rubor

E. Functio laesa

A

E. Functio laesa

147
Q

Which of the following refers to redness?

A. Dolor

B. Tumor

C. Calor

D. Rubor

E. Functio laesa

A

D. Rubor

148
Q

Which of the following refers to redness?

A. Dolor

B. Tumor

C. Calor

D. Rubor

E. Functio laesa

A

A. Dolor

149
Q

Which of the following refers to swelling?

A. Dolor

B. Tumor

C. Calor

D. Rubor

E. Functio laesa

A

B. Tumor

150
Q

What are the 5 vital signs of infection?

A
151
Q

Review Primary and Secondary Spaces:

A
152
Q

What is another name for Canine Space?

A

Infraorbital space

153
Q

Premolars and molars are associated with spread of infection to which of the following?

A. Vestibular space

B. Infraorbital space

C. Periorbital space

D. Buccal space

A

D. Buccal space

154
Q

Maxillary Canines and incisors are associated with spread of infection to which of the following?

A. Vestibular space

B. Infraorbital space

C. Periorbital space

D. Buccal space

A

B. Infraorbital space

155
Q

Which of the following is the most common site for spread of dental infections that break out of alveolar bone?

A. Vestibular space

B. Infraorbital space

C. Periorbital space

D. Buccal space

A

A. Vestibular space

156
Q

Discuss Vestibular Space in regards to each of the following:

  • Lies between cortical bone and mucoperiosteum
  • Most _______ site for spread of dental infections that break out of alveolar bone.
  • Path of least resistance from a specific tooth is determined by ________ overlying site of infection and relationship of bone perforation to ______.
A
157
Q

Discuss Canine/Infraorbital Space in regards to each of the following:

  • Lies between _______ and _______ muscles superficial to canine fossa of maxilla.
  • Infection presents with swelling of vestibule, upper lip and lower eye lid.
  • What teeth are the usual dental source?
A
158
Q

Which of the following lies between the levator anguli oris and levator labii superioris muscles?

A. Vestibular space

B. Canine space/infraorbital space

C. Periobital space

D. Buccal space

A

B. Canine space/infraorbital space

159
Q

Which of the following lies between the buccinator and skin?

A. Vestibular space

B. Canine space/infraorbital space

C. Periobital space

D. Buccal space

A

D. Buccal space

160
Q

Which of the following lies between the obicularis oculi and orbital septum?

A. Vestibular space

B. Infraorbital space

C. Periobital space

D. Buccal space

A

C. Periobital space

161
Q

Which of the following presents as swelling of the cheek?

A. Vestibular space

B. Infraorbital space

C. Periobital space

D. Buccal space

A

D. Buccal space

162
Q

Which of the following presents as swelling of the eyelid and may obstruct vision?

A. Vestibular space

B. Infraorbital space

C. Periobital space

D. Buccal space

A

C. Periobital space

163
Q

Which of the following presents as swelling of vestibule, upper lip and lower eyelid?

A. Vestibular space

B. Infraorbital space

C. Periobital space

D. Buccal space

A

B. Infraorbital space

164
Q

Infection of mandibular 2nd or 3rd molars may spread to which of the following?

A. Buccal space

B. Sublingual space

C. Submandibular space

D. Submental space

E. Canine Space

A

C. Submandibular space

165
Q

Infection of mandibular incisors, canines, premolars or 1st molars whose roots are above attachment of mylohyoid may spread to which of the following?

A. Buccal space

B. Sublingual space

C. Submandibular space

D. Submental space

E. Canine Space

A

B. Sublingual space

166
Q

Infection of mandibular incisors may spread to which of the following?

A. Buccal space

B. Canine space

C. Submandibular space

D. Submental space

A

D. Submental space

167
Q

Discuss Ludwig’s Angina in regards to each of the following:

  • Swelling in ________ spaces.
  • Symptoms
  • Can spread to ______ via fascia spaces of the neck.

***BOARDS***

A
168
Q

All of the following are true regarding Ludwig’s Angina EXCEPT:

A. Swelling in all perisublingual spaces

B. Elevates the floor of the mouth

C. Displaces tongue upwards and backwards

D. Blocks oropharynx and can compromise the airway

E. Can spread to mediastinum via fascial spaces of the neck

***BOARDS***

A

A. Swelling in all perisublingual spaces

169
Q

All of the following are true regarding Ludwig’s Angina EXCEPT:

A. Swelling in all perimandibular spaces

B. Elevates the floor of the mouth

C. Displaces tongue downwards and forwards

D. Blocks oropharynx and can compromise the airway

E. Can spread to mediastinum via fascial spaces of the neck

***BOARDS***

A

C. Displaces tongue downwards and forwards

170
Q

All of the following are true regarding Ludwig’s Angina EXCEPT:

A. Swelling in all perimandibular spaces

B. Elevates the floor of the moth

C. Displaces tongue upwards and posteriorly

D. Is a unilateral swelling that is well defined and soft

E. Can spread to mediastinum via fascial spaces of the neck

***BOARDS***

A

D. Is a unilateral swelling that is well defined and soft

171
Q

All of the following are true regarding Ludwig’s Angina EXCEPT:

A. Swelling in all perimandibular spaces

B. Elevates the floor of the moth

C. Displaces tongue upwards and posteriorly

D. Is a bilateral cellulitis

E. All of the above are true

***BOARDS***

A

E. All of the above are true

172
Q

Which of the following infections presents with a lateral “hourglass” facial swelling?

A. Superficial and Deep temporal spaces

B. Submasseteric/Masseteric space

C. Pterygomandibular space

D. Masticator space

A

A. Superficial and Deep temporal spaces

173
Q

Which of the following space infections is usually caused by maxillary 2nd and 3rd molars?

A. Superficial and Deep temporal spaces

B. Submasseteric/Masseteric space

C. Pterygomandibular space

D. Masticator space

A

A. Superficial and Deep temporal spaces

174
Q

Which of the following space infections is usually caused by mandibular 3rd molars or a contaminated needle?

A. Superficial and Deep temporal spaces

B. Submasseteric/Masseteric space

C. Pterygomandibular space

D. Masticator space

A

C. Pterygomandibular space

175
Q

Which of the following space infections is usually caused by impacted 3rd molars and frequently involves trismus?

A. Superficial and Deep temporal spaces

B. Submasseteric/Masseteric space

C. Pterygomandibular space

D. Masticator space

A

B. Submasseteric/Masseteric space

176
Q

Review the borders of the Masticator Space:

A
177
Q

Which of the following space is at the highest risk for spreading to the mediastinum?

A. Pharyngeal/Lateral Pharyngeal space

B. Retropharyngeal space

C. Submental space

D. Parotid space

A

B. Retropharyngeal space

178
Q

Review the Pharyngeal/Lateral Pharyngeal space in regards to each of the following:

  • Lies between ______ and _______.
  • What teeth usually spread infection to this space?
  • Why is it a high risk space?
A
179
Q

Review the Retropharyngeal space:

A
180
Q

Review the Danger Space:

A
181
Q

Discuss the Masseter in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
A
182
Q

Discuss the Temporalis in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
A
183
Q

Discuss the Medial Pterygoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin (superficial and deep heads)
  • Insertion
  • Action
A
184
Q

Discuss the Lateral Pterygoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin (superior and inferior heads)
  • Insertion (superior and inferior heads)
  • Action
A
185
Q

Review each of the following Epicranial Muscles:

  • Occipitofrontalis
A
186
Q

Review each of the following smiling muscles:

  • Zygomaticus Major
  • Zygomaticuas Minor
  • Obicularis Oculi
  • Levator Labii Superioris
  • Levator Anguli Oris
  • Risorius
A
187
Q

Review each of the following Frowning Muscles:

  • Obicularis oris
  • Depressor Anguli Oris
  • Depressor Labii inferioris
  • Platysma
  • Mentalis
  • Corrugator Supercilii
  • Procerus
  • Obicularis Oculi
A
188
Q

Discuss the Buccinator muscle in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Pierced by _______.
A
189
Q

Discuss the Submandibular Triangle in regards to each of the following:

  • Formed by both _____.
  • Contains ______ gland, ______ lymph nodes, facial artery and vein, CN ____ and _____ nerve
A
190
Q

Which of the following contains the infrahyoid muscles?

A. Submandibular Triangle

B. Submental Triangle

C. Muscular Triangle

D. Carotid Triangle

E. Posterior Triangle

A

C. Muscular Triangle

191
Q

Review each of the following:

  • Submandibular Triangle
  • Submental Triangle
  • Muscular Triangle
  • Carotid Triangle
  • Posterior Triangle
A
192
Q

Which of the following contains CN XI?

A. Submandibular Triangle

B. Submental Triangle

C. Muscular Triangle

D. Carotid Triangle

E. Posterior Triangle

A

E. Posterior Triangle

193
Q

All of the following are Suprahyoid Muscles EXCEPT:

A. Geniohyoid

B. Mylohyoid

C. Sternohyoid

D. Posterior digastric

E. Stylohyoid

A

C. Sternohyoid

Hint: google MAPS is super!

194
Q

Discuss the Geniohyoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
195
Q

Discuss the Mylohyoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
  • forms the _____ of the mouth
A
196
Q

Discuss the Anterior Belly of Digastric in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
197
Q

Discuss the Posterior Belly of Digastric in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
198
Q

Discuss the Stylohyoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
199
Q

What are the 5 Suprahyoid Muscles?

A
200
Q

What are the 4 Infrahyoid muscles?

A

“TOSS the strap”

201
Q

Discuss the Throhyoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
202
Q

Discuss the Omohyoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
203
Q

Discuss the Sternothyroid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
204
Q

Discuss the Sternohyoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
205
Q

The Sternocleidomastoid is innervated by which of the following cranial nerves?

A. CN V

B. CN IX

C. CN XI

D. CN XII

A

C. CN XI

Note: the Trapezius is also innervated by CN XI

206
Q

Discuss the Sternocleidomastoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
207
Q

Discuss the Trapezius in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
208
Q

(T/F)

The Trapezius and Sternocleidomastoid muscles are both innervated by CN X.

A

False

209
Q

What are the 4 Extrinsic Muscles of the Tongue?

A

“Hi, My tongue is a GPS”

210
Q

Which of the following functions to alter the position of the tongue?

A. Extrinsic muscles of the tongue

B. Intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

A. Extrinsic muscles of the tongue

211
Q

Which of the following functions to alter the shape of the tongue?

A. Extrinsic muscles of the tongue

B. Intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

B. Intrinsic muscles of the tongue

212
Q

All of the following muscles of the tongue are innervated by CN XII EXCEPT:

A. Hyoglossus

B. Genioglossus

C. Styloglossus

D. Palatoglossus

E. Intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

D. Palatoglossus

213
Q

The Palatoglossus is innervated by which of the following cranial nerves?

A. CN IX

B. CN X

C. CN XII

D, CN XI

A

B. CN X

214
Q

All of the following Infrahyoid muscles are innervated by C1-C3 EXCEPT:

A. Thyrohyoid

B. Omohyoid

C. Sternothyroid

D. Sternohyoid

A

A. Thyrohyoid

215
Q

Which of the following infrahyoid is innervated by C1?

A. Sternohyoid

B. Omohyoid

C. Sternothyroid

D. Thyrohyoid

A

D. Thyrohyoid

216
Q

Discuss the Thyrohyoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
217
Q

Discuss the Hyoglossus in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
218
Q

Discuss the Genioglossus in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
219
Q

Discuss the Styloglossus in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
220
Q

Discuss the Palatoglossus in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
221
Q

All of the following muscles of the Soft Palate are innervated by CN X EXCEPT:

A. Palatopharyngeus

B. Musculus Uvulae

C. Tensor Veli Palatini

D. Levator Veli palatini

E. Salpingopharyngeus

A

C. Tensor Veli Palatini

222
Q

________ tendon hooks around the pterygoid hamulus and forms the palatine aponeurosis across the soft palate.

A. Palatopharyngeus

B. Musculus Uvulae

C. Tensor Veli Palatini

D. Levator Veli palatini

E. Salpingopharyngeus

***BOARDS***

A

C. Tensor Veli Palatini

223
Q

Discuss the Palatopharyngeus in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
224
Q

Discuss the Musculus Uvulae in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
225
Q

Discuss the Tensor Veli Palatini in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
  • Its tendon hooks around the _______ and forms the palatine aponeurosis across the soft palate.

***BOARDS***

A
226
Q

Discuss the Levator Veli Palatini in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
227
Q

Discuss the Salpingopharyngeus in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
228
Q

Discuss the Outer Circular Layer of the Pharynx in regards to each of the following:

  • What are the three muscles of this region and what cranial nerve innervates them?
  • What is these muscles function?
A
229
Q

Discuss the Inner Longitudinal Layer in regards to each of the following:

  • What are the 3 muscles and what cranial nerve innervates them.
  • Function
A
230
Q

Discuss the Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
231
Q

All of the following are innervated by CN X EXCEPT:

A. Salpingopharyngeus

B. Palatopharyngeus

C. Stylopharyngeus

D. Posterior Cricoarytenoid

E. Thyroarytenoid

A

C. Stylopharyngeus (CN IX)

232
Q

Discuss the Oblique and Transverse Arytenoids in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
233
Q

Discuss the Cricothyroid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
  • Only laryngeal muscle innervated by _____ laryngeal nerve instead of ______ laryngeal nerve.
A
234
Q

Discuss the Thyroarytenoid in regards to each of the following:

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
  • Innervation
A
235
Q

The Superior Oblique muscle of the eye hooks around _____.

***BOARDS***

A
236
Q

Which of the following muscles of the eye is innervated by CN VI?

A. Superior oblique

B. Inferior oblique

C. Lateral rectus

A

C. Lateral rectus

Superior oblique = trochlear nerve (CN IV)

Lateral Rectus = Abducens nerve (CN VI)

237
Q

Which of the following muscles of the eye is innervated by CN IV?

A. Superior oblique

B. Inferior oblique

C. Lateral rectus

A

A. Superior oblique

238
Q

All of the following muscles Adducts the eye EXCEPT:

A. Lateral Rectus

B. Inferior Rectus

C. Medial Rectus

D. Superior Rectus

A

A. Lateral Rectus

239
Q

Which of the following muscles Abducts the eye?

A. Lateral Rectus

B. Inferior Rectus

C. Medial Rectus

D. Superior Rectus

A

A. Lateral Rectus

240
Q

Which of the following causes mydriasis of the pupil?

A. Ciliary muscle

B. Sphincter Pupillae

C. Dilator Pupillae

A

C. Dilator Pupillae

Mydriasis = dilation

241
Q

Which of the following causes accommodation for near vision?

A. Ciliary muscle

B. Sphincter Pupillae

C. Dilator Pupillae

A

A. Ciliary muscle

242
Q

Which of the following causes miosis of the pupil?

A. Ciliary muscle

B. Sphincter Pupillae

C. Dilator Pupillae

A

B. Sphincter Pupillae

Miosis = pupil constriction

Mydriasis. = pupil dilation

243
Q

(T/F)

Women are better at shade matching because they contain more rod cells in the eye.

***BOARDS***

A

False

244
Q

Review each of the following cranial nerves:

  • CN I
  • CN II
  • CN III
  • CN IV
A
245
Q

Review each of the following cranial nerves:

  • CN V1
  • CN V2
  • CN V3
A
246
Q

Review each of the following Cranial Nerves:

  • CN VI
  • CN VII
  • CN VIII
  • CN IV
A
247
Q

Review each of the following Cranial Nerves:

  • CN X
  • CN XI
  • CN XII
A
248
Q

Which of the following is innervated by CN IX?

A. Parotid gland

B. Submandibular gland

C. Sublingual gland

A

A. Parotid gland

Parotid = CN IX

Submandibular = CN VII

Sublingual - CN VII

249
Q

Which of the following is associated with Wharton’s duct?

A. Parotid gland

B. Submandibular gland

C. Sublingual gland

A

B. Submandibular gland

250
Q

What is the name of the Parotid glands duct?

A

Stensen’s duct

251
Q
A
252
Q

Which of the following is associated with Bartholin’s duct?

A. Parotid gland

B. Submandibular gland

C. Sublingual gland

A

C. Sublingual gland

253
Q

Which of the following contains Mixed secretions?

A. Parotid gland

B. Submandibular gland

C. Sublingual gland

A

B. Submandibular gland

254
Q

Which of the following contains Mucous secretions?

A. Parotid gland

B. Submandibular gland

C. Sublingual gland

A

C. Sublingual gland

255
Q

Which of the following contains Serous secretions?

A. Parotid gland

B. Submandibular gland

C. Sublingual gland

A

A. Parotid gland

256
Q

Discuss each of the following in regards to the Parotid, Submandibular and Sublingual glands:

  • Name of duct?
  • What type of secretion?
  • What cranial nerve?
A
257
Q
A
258
Q

Discuss each of the following in regards to Lacrimal, Nasal, Palatine, and Pharyngeal glands:

  • CN?
  • Fibers (SNS/PSNS)
  • Origin?
  • Nerve
  • Ganglion
  • Hitchhike

***HIGH YIELD***

A
259
Q

Discuss each of the following in regards to the Submandibular and Sublingual glands:

  • CN?
  • Fibers (SNS/PSNS)
  • Origin?
  • Nerve
  • Ganglion
  • Hitchhike

***HIGH YIELD***

A
260
Q

Discuss each of the following in regards to the Parotid gland:

  • CN?
  • Fibers (SNS/PSNS)
  • Origin?
  • Nerve
  • Ganglion
  • Hitchhike

***HIGH YIELD***

A
261
Q

Discuss each of the following in regards to the Mucous gland:

  • CN?
  • Fibers (SNS/PSNS)
  • Origin?
  • Nerve
  • Ganglion
  • Hitchhike

***HIGH YIELD***

A
262
Q

Discuss the Unique Features of the TMJ in regards to each of the following:

  • ________ = left and right sides must function together
  • ________ = hinge and sliding movement
  • Articulating surfaces are covered in _______ rather than hyaline cartilage
  • Only joint in the human body to have a ________ where the teeth make occlusal contact
  • Last joint to start developing beginning at around _____ weeks in utero
A
263
Q

Discuss the Articular Disc in regards to the TMJ:

  • Fibrocartilage devoid of any blood vessels or nerve fibers
  • What type of collagen?
  • _______ shape.
  • Divides the joint into two separate compartments:
    • Upper joint space = ?
    • Lower joint space = ?
A
264
Q

Discuss the Retrodiscal Tissue of the TMJ in regards to each of the following:

  • Superior retrodiscal lamina
    • composed of ______ fibers.
    • Prevents the disc from displacing _______.
  • Inferior retrodiscal lamina
    • composed of _____ fibers.
    • prevents the doc from excessively _______ over condyle
  • Intermediate retrodiscal tissue
    • consists of ________ containing blood vessels and nerve
A
265
Q

Which of the following Retrodiscal Tissue is composed of elastic fibers?

A. Superior retrodiscal lamina

B. Inferior retrodiscal lamina

C. Intermediate retrodiscal lamina

A

A. Superior retrodiscal lamina

266
Q

Which of the following Retrodiscal Tissue is composed of loose areolar connective tissue?

A. Superior retrodiscal lamina

B. Inferior retrodiscal lamina

C. Intermediate retrodiscal lamina

A

C. Intermediate retrodiscal lamina

267
Q

Which of the following Retrodiscal Tissue is composed of connective tissue fibers?

A. Superior retrodiscal lamina

B. Inferior retrodiscal lamina

C. Intermediate retrodiscal lamina

A

B. Inferior retrodiscal lamina

268
Q

Which of the following Retrodiscal Tissue prevents the disc from excessively rotating over condyle?

A. Superior retrodiscal lamina

B. Inferior retrodiscal lamina

C. Intermediate retrodiscal lamina

A

B. Inferior retrodiscal lamina

269
Q

Which of the following Retrodiscal Tissue prevents the disc from dislocating anteriorly?

A. Superior retrodiscal lamina

B. Inferior retrodiscal lamina

C. Intermediate retrodiscal lamina

A

A. Superior retrodiscal lamina

270
Q

Discuss the Synovial Membrane of the TMJ in regards to each of the following:

  • Specialized endothelial cells that line the inner surface of the joint capsule and secretes _______ fluid.
  • What are its two functions?
A
271
Q

Which of the following is made of type II collagen?

A. Articular disc

B. Articular cartilage

A

B. Articular cartilage

272
Q

Which of the following is made of type I collagen?

A. Articular disc

B. Articular cartilage

A

A. Articular disc

273
Q

Which of the following prevents the disc and condyle from dislocating posteriorly in regards to the TMJ?

A. Superior retrodiscal lamina

B. Capsular ligamaent

C. Lateral ligament

D. Collateral ligaments

E. Stylomandibular ligament

A

C. Lateral ligament

Lateral ligament = prevents posterior displacement

Superior retrodiscal lamina = prevents anterior displacement

274
Q

Which of the following ligaments of the TMJ is an embryonic remnant of Meckel’s Cartilage?

A. Sphenomandibular ligament

B. Capsular ligamaent

C. Lateral ligament

D. Collateral ligaments

E. Stylomandibular ligament

A

A. Sphenomandibular ligament

275
Q

Which of the following ligaments of the TMJ functions to retain synovial fluid?

A. Sphenomandibular ligament

B. Capsular ligamaent

C. Lateral ligament

D. Collateral ligaments

E. Stylomandibular ligament

A

B. Capsular ligamaent

276
Q

Which of the following ligaments of the TMJ functions to limit mouth opening?

A. Sphenomandibular ligament

B. Capsular ligamaent

C. Lateral ligament

D. Collateral ligaments

E. Stylomandibular ligament

A

C. Lateral ligament

277
Q

Which of the following ligaments of the TMJ divide the joint into superior and inferior joint cavities?

A. Sphenomandibular ligament

B. Capsular ligamaent

C. Lateral ligament

D. Collateral ligaments

E. Stylomandibular ligament

A

D. Collateral ligaments

278
Q

Which of the following ligaments of the TMJ limit excessive Protrusion of the mandible?

A. Sphenomandibular ligament

B. Capsular ligamaent

C. Lateral ligament

D. Collateral ligaments

E. Stylomandibular ligament

A

E. Stylomandibular ligament

279
Q

Which of the following ligaments of the TMJ is an embryonic remnant of Reichert’s Cartilage?

A. Sphenomandibular ligament

B. Stylohyoid ligament

C. Lateral ligament

D. Collateral ligaments

E. Stylomandibular ligament

A

B. Stylohyoid ligament

Stylohyoid ligament = Reichert’s cartilage

Sphenomandibular ligament = Meckel’s cartilage

280
Q

Which of the following TMJ ligaments is calcified in Eagle Syndrome?

A. Sphenomandibular ligament

B. Stylohyoid ligament

C. Lateral ligament

D. Collateral ligaments

E. Stylomandibular ligament

***BOARDS***

A

B. Stylohyoid ligament

281
Q

Which of the following is associated with Eagle Syndrome?

A. Sphenomandibular ligament

B. Stylohyoid ligament

C. Lateral ligament

D. Collateral ligaments

E. Stylomandibular ligament

***BOARDS***

A

B. Stylohyoid ligament

282
Q

Discuss the Neurovascular Supply of the TMJ:

  • Supplied mainly by the _________ nerve
  • Minor sensory contribution from the masseteric and deep term portal branches of V3.
  • Supplied mainly by the _______ and ________ arteries of the ECA.
A
283
Q

Discuss the vascular system in regards to each of the following:

  • Arteries
  • Arterioles
  • Capillaries
  • Venules
  • Veins
A
284
Q

Review the flow of blood in the heart.

A
285
Q

(T/F)

The Brachiocephalic artery is on the right side only to clear the trachea.

A

True

286
Q

Discuss the Subclavian Artery in regards to each of the following:

  • Main artery to _______.
  • Changes its name to ______ artery as it crosses under clavicle
  • Changes its name to ______ artery when it enters the arm
A
287
Q

The Common Carotid Artery bifurcates between ______.

A. C1-C2

B. C2-C3

C. C3-C4

D. C4-C5

A

C. C3-C4

288
Q

Discuss the Internal Carotid Artery in regards to each of the following:

  • Travels through carotid canal of temporal bone to supply _______, orbit and forehead.
  • _________ nerve originates from internal carotid plexus.
  • Ophthalmic artery
    • Supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries to _______.
A
289
Q

Discuss the External Carotid Artery in regards to each of the following:

  • Supplies all structure of the ____ and _____.
  • When a Le Fort surgery is performed the maxillary artery is ofen severed. What artery takes it’s place in providing blood?
  • What is the order of arteries that branch off the external carotid?
A

External carotid artery = “SALFO PMS”

or

“Some Anatomist Love Freaking Out Poor Medical Students”

290
Q

Discuss the Maxillary Artery in regards to each of the following:

  • Supplies _____, _______, palate and nasal cavity
A
291
Q

Discuss the Circle of Willis in regards to each of the following:

  • Important means of ________ in the event of obstruction
A
292
Q
A
293
Q

Which of the following provides venous drainage of the upper limb?

A. Brachiocephalic vein

B. Subclavian vein

C. External jugular vein

D. Internal jugular vein

A

B. Subclavian vein

294
Q

Which of the following is the primary drain for the brain?

A. Brachiocephalic vein

B. Subclavian vein

C. External jugular vein

D. Internal jugular vein

A

D. Internal jugular vein

295
Q

Which of the following exits through the Jugular Foramen?

A. Brachiocephalic vein

B. Subclavian vein

C. External jugular vein

D. Internal jugular vein

A

D. Internal jugular vein

296
Q

Which of the following drains superior and inferior alveolar veins of teeth?

A. Facial Vein

B. Pterygoid Plexus

C. Cavernous Sinus

D. Superior Sagittal Sinus

A

B. Pterygoid Plexus

297
Q

What are the structures that pass through the Cavernous Sinus?

***GOT A PRACTICE Q***

A

ICA, CN 3, 4, V1, V2 and 6

298
Q

Discuss the Superior Saggital Sinus in regards to each of the following:

  • No _____ and lots of ______ allows blood to flow in any direction and transport metastases and spread infection.
A
299
Q

Many lymphatic vessels contain _______ to direct flow of lymph.

A
300
Q

Which of the following form a ring around the head and drain lymph from the face and scalp?

A. Superficial cervical nodes

B. Deep cervical nodes

A

A. Superficial cervical nodes

301
Q

Review Deep Cervical Nodes in regards to each of the following:

  • Deep Cervical nodes along the right IJV empty into the __________ duct.
  • Deep Cervical nodes along the left IJV empty into the __________ duct.
  • Both of these ducts empty into the venous system near the junction of their respective _________.

***BOARDS***

A
302
Q

What is the modiolus?

***BOARDS***

A

Modiolus refers to the chiasma or intersection of a whole bunch of facial muscles just lateral and slightly superior to each corner of the mouth

GOOGLE: In facial anatomy, the modiolus is a chiasma of facial muscles held together by fibrous tissue, located lateral and slightly superior to each angle of the mouth. It is important in moving the mouth, facial expression and in dentistry.

303
Q

What are the 4 components of the carotid sheath?

***BOARDS***

A

Common carotid artery, IJV, Vagus nerve, Deep cervical lymph nodes

304
Q

What would happen to someone if the LEFT optic nerve was severed?

A

The patient would still have left field peripheral vision coming from the RIGHT eye (due to the optic chiasma).

The only way to sever all left field vision would be to sever the RIGHT optic tract.

Refer to picture on the bottom right to understand cross over

305
Q

List each of the following in regards to the Parotid Gland:

  • CN?
  • SNS/PSNS?
  • Nucleus?
  • Nerve?
  • Ganglion?
  • Hitch hikes on?

***BOARDS***

A

Parotid Gland

  1. CN IX
  2. PSNS
  3. Inferior Salivary Nucleus
  4. Lesser petrosal
  5. Otic ganglion
  6. hitch hikes on Auriculotemporal (V3)
306
Q

List each of the following in regards to the Submandibular and Sublingual Glands:

  • CN?
  • SNS/PSNS?
  • Nucleus?
  • Nerve?
  • Ganglion?
  • Hitch hikes on?

***BOARDS***

A

Submandibular and Sublingual Glands:

  1. CN VII
  2. PSNS
  3. Superior Salivary Nucleus
  4. Chorda tympani
  5. Submandibular ganglion
  6. hitch hikes on Lingual nerve (V3)