Head and Neck Cancer

Question 1

what is the most common site for head and neck cancer?

Answer 1

the larynx

Question 2

what is the most common type of cancer in the head and neck?

Answer 2

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 3

what is nasopharyngeal carcinoma associated with?

Answer 3

EBV

Question 4

what is laryngeal carcinoma linked with?

Answer 4

cigarettes

alcohol

Question 5

what is oropharyngeal carcinoma associated with?

Answer 5

HPV

Question 6

what is oral cavity carcinoma linked with?

Answer 6

chewing tobacco

Question 7

what are the common presenting symptoms of head and neck cancer?

Answer 7

dysphonia 
dysphagia 
otalgia - unilateral 
lumps in the neck 
stridor

Question 8

what should be done if someone has dysphonia lasting over 3 weels?

Answer 8

urgent referral for laryngoscopy

Question 9

where do supraglottic tumours spread?

Answer 9

superior deep cervical nodes

Question 10

where do glottic tumours spread?

Answer 10

usually don’t - stay on the vocal cords

Question 11

where do subglottic tumours spread?

Answer 11

paratracheal nodes

Question 12

how is the treatment of a laryngeal cancer determined?

Answer 12

TNM classification

Question 13

how is early (T1/2) laryngeal cancer managed?

Answer 13

transoral laser surgery

radiotherapy

Question 14

how is advanced (T3/4) laryngeal cancer managed?

Answer 14

laryngectomy
chemotherapy
radiotherapy

Question 15

how is nasopharyngeal cancer managed?

Answer 15

radiotherapy

Question 16

what is a mass in the parotid gland likely to be?

Answer 16

benign

majority = pleomorphic adenoma

Question 17

which salivary gland is much more likely to be affected by a malignant tumoir?

Answer 17

submandibular

sublingual