Anatomy - Speech and Swallowing

Question 1

what gives the appearance of sunken cheeks in malnutrition?

Answer 1

loss of the buccal fat pad

Question 2

what muscles open the mouth?

Answer 2

lateral pterygoid

Question 3

what muscles close the mouth?

Answer 3

medial pterygoid
temporalis
masseter

Question 4

what muscle acts as a sphincter around the mouth?

Answer 4

orbicularis oris

Question 5

what muscle helps align food between the teeth?

Answer 5

buccinator

Question 6

what are the two groups of muscles in the tongue?

Answer 6

intrinsic

extrinsic

Question 7

what is the role of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 7

change the shape of the tongue

Question 8

what is the role of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 8

control the movement of the tongye

Question 9

what type of muscle makes up the tongue?

Answer 9

skeletal

Question 10

what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 10

palatoglossus
styloglossus
genioglossus
hyoglossus

Question 11

what nerves innervate the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 11

palatoglossus = CN X

all others = CN XII

Question 12

what are the four fibre directions associated with the intrinsic tongue muscles?

Answer 12

superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
horizontal
vertical

Question 13

what do the muscles of the soft palate do?

Answer 13

move and tighten the fibrous palatine aponeurosi s

Question 14

where is the soft palate attached anteriorly?

Answer 14

posterior border of the hard palate

Question 15

what is the midline process on the posterior edge of the soft palate called?

Answer 15

the uvula

Question 16

what happens to the soft palate during swallowing?

Answer 16

elevates and tenses

to block off the nasal cavity

Question 17

what nerves innervate the muscles of the soft palate?

Answer 17

CN X

tensor veli palatini = CN V3

Question 18

what are the five skeletal muscles of the soft palate?

Answer 18

palatoglossus
musculus uvulae
palatopharyngeus
tensor veli palatini 
levator veli palatini

Question 19

what does palatoglossus do?

Answer 19

depresses the soft palate towards the tongue

Question 20

what does musculus uvulae do?

Answer 20

shortens the uvula

Question 21

what does palatopharyngeus do?

Answer 21

elevates the pharynx

depresses the soft palate

Question 22

what does tensor veli palatini do?

Answer 22

tenses the palatine aponeurosis

Question 23

what does levator veli palatini do?

Answer 23

lifts the palatine aponeurosis