Anatomy of Speech Flashcards

1
Q

what is another name for swallowing?

A

deglutition

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2
Q

what is another name for chewing?

A

mastication

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3
Q

what gives the sign of malnutrition that is sunken cheeks?

A

loss of the buccal fat pad

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4
Q

what muscles open the mouth?

A

lateral pterygoid

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5
Q

what muscles close the mouth?

A

medial pterygoid
temporalis
masseter

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6
Q

what muscle acts as a sphincter around the mouth?

A

orbicularis oris

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7
Q

what muscle assists in aligning the food bolus between the dentition?

A

the buccinator

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8
Q

what are the two groups of muscles of the tongue?

A

intrinsic

extrinsic

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9
Q

what do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue do?

A

change the shape of the tongue

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10
Q

what do the extrinsic muscles of the tongue do?

A

control the movement of the tongue in the oral cavity

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11
Q

what type of muscle are all muscles of the tongue?

A

skeletal

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12
Q

what are the four extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

palatoglossus
styloglossus
genioglossus
hyoglossus

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13
Q

what is the innervation of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

CN XII

palatoglossus = CN X

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14
Q

what do the muscles of the soft palate work to do?

A

move and tighten the fibrous palatine aponeurosis

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15
Q

what is the midline process of the posterior soft palate called?

A

the uvula

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16
Q

what happens to the soft palate when you swallow?

A

elevates and tenses

17
Q

what nerve supplies the muscles of the soft palate and which is the exception?

A

CN X

tensor veli palatini = CN V3

18
Q

what are the five skeletal muscles of the soft palate?

A
palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus
musculus uvulae 
tensor veli palatini
levator veli palatini
19
Q

what does palatoglossus do?

A

depresses the soft palate

20
Q

what does musculus uvulae do?

A

shortens the uvula

21
Q

what does palatopharyngeus do?

A

elevates the pharynx

depresses the soft palate

22
Q

what does tensor veli palatini do?

A

tenses the palatine aponeurosis

23
Q

what does levator veli palatini do?

A

lifts the palatine aponeurosis

24
Q

what controls production of saliva?

A

parasympathetics

25
Q

what are the three pairs of major salivary glands?

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

26
Q

where does the parotid gland secrete into the oral cavity?

A

beside the upper 2nd molar

27
Q

where does the submandibular gland secrete into the oral cavity/

A

via the lingual caruncle

28
Q

where does the sublingual gland secrete into the oral cavity?

A

via several ducts below the tongue

29
Q

what are the two types of pharyngeal muscles?

A

outer circular muscle

inner longitudinal muscle

30
Q

what three muscles make up the outer circular layer of the pharynx?

A

superior constrictor
middle
inferior

31
Q

what type of muscle are the pharyngeal constrictor muscles?

A

skeletal

32
Q

what three muscles make up the inner pharyngeal muscles?

A

stylopharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus
palatopharyngeus

33
Q

what nerve innervates the pharyngeal muscles and what is the exception?

A

CN X

stylopharyngeus = CN IX

34
Q

what nerve innervates all intrinsic muscles of the larynx?

A

CN X

35
Q

what is the action of the muscle cricothyroid?

A

tenses the vocal ligament

36
Q

what is the action of the muscle thyroarytenoid?

A

relaxes the vocal ligament

37
Q

what is the action of the muscle lateral cricoarytenoid?

A

adducts the vocal ligaments

38
Q

what is the action of the muscle arytenoid?

A

adducts the vocal ligaments

39
Q

what is the action of the muscle posterior cricoarytenoid?

A

abducts the vocal cords