HCHS Italy: A LEVEL UNIT 2 - Booklet 2 Flashcards
Who was the king of Piedmont in 1848?
Charles Albert
What was the Statuto?
Constitution
Why did Charles Albert abdicate?
Loss against Austria in Lombardy
Who succeeded Charles Albert in 1848?
His son, Victor Emmanuel II
Why did Austria allow Piedmont to keep the Statuto? (2 reasons)
Austrian fear of uprisings and upsetting the liberal French
What was the difference between the upper and lower house in parliament?
Upper = appointed by King, Lower = elected
Give two reasons why thousands of liberals fled to Piedmont in the 1850s.
Free press, Statuto, legal equality
Give the main reason why Mazzini lost support in the 1850s.
too radical - still trying to push a republic
Why was radicalism less popular in the 1850s?
failed attempts caused some radicals to lose faith, fear of upsetting foreigners, constitutional monarch seemed more viable.
Where were 20,000 French troops stationed throughout the 1850s? (up to 1870)
Rome
The pope excommunicated all revolutions and revolutionaries. What does this mean?
Not allowed to be members of the Catholic Church.
Other than Rome, what other foreigner is still in Italy and where?
Austria in Lombardy and Venetia, with influence over the Duchies
What powers did king Victor Emmanuel retain despite the Statuto?
Appointed and sacked ministers and controlled the army.
Who was the first prime minister of Piedmont in 1849?
Massimo d’Azeglio
Name two Siccardi Laws.
no separate law courts for clergy, no sanctuary in church for criminals, property restricted, reduction in feast days.
What was a Concordat?
seeking and gaining church approval
The king supported many anti-clerical reforms, but which one pushed him and the centre right too far?
Civil Marriage Law
D’Azeglio’s church reforms were unpopular. Who orchestrated his replacement by Rattazzi?
Count Cavour
What was the Connubio?
An alliance between the centre left and right in the Chamber of Deputies
After organising the Connubio and solving the crisis over the Church, what was Cavour appointed?
Prime minister
What reforms did Cavour make to the church in the mid 1850s?
152 monasteries, that could not prove their contributions to charity, were closed
What impact did Cavour’s early church reforms have? (one good, one bad)
(+) confiscated church funds, reduced church influence (-) upset the king and right of the Senate, forced Cavour’s temporary resignation
In which state was Cavour born in 1811?
Piedmont
Cavour went to military school and spent some time in the army before entering politics. What reputation did he develop?
rebel
