Hazmat Bul 3 Bombing Incidents Flashcards
What is the most frequently used weapon of terrorists?
Conventional bomb or IED
What are the 3 types of explosives?
- Pyrotechnics
- Low order explosives
- High order explosives
Example of pyrotechnics explosive
Fireworks - create smoke, heat, light and sound
What is a low order explosive?
A. Controlled release of gas that creates a propellant, causing a pushing effect.
B. Designed to burn.
C. Easier to ignite; initiated by flame, impact.
D. Detonate at speeds less then 3000 ft/sec.
E. Examples: black powder, smokeless powder, rocket fuel.
What is a high order explosive?
It’s initiated by a shock from a Detonator or blasting cap. Instantaneous release of energy for maximum dispersion and damage. Detonated speeds greater then 3,000 ft per second.
What is the weapon of choice for terrorists?
High order explosives
What are three types of high-powered explosives?
Primary - detonated by spark, flame, touch or impact
Secondary - greater insult than primary (PETN, TNT, RDX, HMX)
Tertiary- large insult needed to detonate (ANFO- ammonium nitrate and fuel oil)
What is Blast pressure?
Is excess pressure caused by a detonated explosive device
Fragmentation is when pieces of the device, added shrapnel or surrounding material that repel away from the explosion. How fast can fragmentation travel?
3 times faster than a bullet
Thermal effects sometimes called incendiary effects is he generated by detonation briefly. How hot can it be and Lasting how long?
Up to 3650 °F and last no more than 0.5 seconds
What percent of victims killed in an intentional explosion die immediately?
90%
What are the types of blast pressure injuries?
Type 1 - blast pressure injuries, type 2- flying debris injury, type 3 - victim thrown into objects
What are type 1 blast injuries?
Result of pressure created from blast areas that are Air filled are most susceptible. Rapid changes in pressure can cause tearing and Distortion to internal organs
What are type 2 blast injuries?
Propel fragmentation of containers, surrounding materials or additives like nails are ball bearings that may cause multiple large, possibly contaminated wounds . Flying glasses is a major secondary injury causing hazard
What is the explosive capacity for a pipe bomb?
5 lbs/2.2 kg
What is the explosive capacity for a compact sedan?
500 lbs /227 kg
What is the building evacuation distance for a compact sedan?
320 ft/98 M
What are the type of building collapse incidents?
Bombs
What are the 5 detonation methods for bombs?
Heat
Friction
Impact
Electrostatic discharge
Shock
What is hard target?
Hard targets are areas that are secured and usually staffed by train personnel or officials, and include government and military facilities, nuclear plants, and some critical infrastructure.
What are soft targets?
Areas of little or no security, and have the possibility resulting an extensive casualties. Residential areas
What are VBIED?
Vehicle borne improvised explosive device
How big have most has VBIED attacks been?
500 to 5000 lbs of explosives
One advantage of tanker truck, improvised explosive device is a higher capacity. How much explosive can they hold?
78,000 lbs
Types of bomb attack containers
1- package. IED in a container (backpack or briefcase)
2- Belt. Worn under or part of clothing
3-vehicle- concealed in a vehicle and driven to target
What are type 3 blast injuries?
Victim throw into objects.
