hazmat book ch 10

Question 1

what acronym can help the incident commander think about a mental picture of the incident?

Answer 1

MOTEL
magnitude -trying to keep the incident small or as limited as possible.
occurrence -preventing future events from occurring by implementing the current events
Timing- trying to change when an event happens and or for how long it lasts
Effects- trying to reduce the size and/or effects of the event
Location- trying to change where the next on occurs

Question 2

what strategic goals may be pursued simultaneously during an event?

Answer 2

rescue, public protective actions ( evacuate, shelter in place or a combination of the two) , spill control( confinement), leak control ( containment), fire control and recovery

Question 3

Absorption

Answer 3

Physical process of absorbing, or picking up liquid hazardous material to prevent enlargement of the contaminated area. As materials picked up, the sorbet will often swell and expand in size

Question 4

Adsorption

Answer 4

Is the chemical process in which a sorbate(liquid hazardous material) interacts with a solid assortment surface. Since the sorbent surface is solid, the sorbate adheres to the surface is not absorbed as with absorbents

Question 5

Damming

Answer 5

Is the physical method of confinement by which barriers are constructed to prevent or reduce the quality of liquid flowing into the buyer meant. Dammit consists of constructing a barrier across of waterway to stop/control products low and pick up the liquid or solid or liquid contaminates

Question 6

Overflow damn

Answer 6

Used to trap sinking heavier than water materials behind the(specific gravity > 1) with the product, trapped, and contaminate water is allowed to flow unobstructed over the dam. Operationally this is most effective on slow, moving and relatively narrow waterways.

Question 7

Underflow damn

Answer 7

Used to trap, floating lighter than water materials behind the dam (specific gravity<1) using PVC piping our hearts leaves, the damn is constructed in a manner that allows uncontaminated water to flow unobstructed under the damn while keeping the contaminant behind them. operationally this is most effective on slow, moving and wet relatively narrow waterways

Question 8

Diking

Answer 8

Is a physical method of confinement by which barriers are constructed on ground, used to control the movement of liquids, sludge, solids , or other materials. Dikes prevent the passage of the Hazmat to an area, where it will produce more harm.

Question 9

Dilution

Answer 9

Dilution is a chemical method by which a water soluble solution. Usually a corrosive, is diluted by adding large volumes of water to the spill. It cannot be water reactive, will not generate a toxic gas. Upon contact with water, will not form any type of solid or precipitate, is totally water soluble

Question 10

Covering

Answer 10

Is a physical method of confinement. It typically is a temporary measure into hell or affective tactics can be implemented. Depending on the product involved, it may be necessary to consult with a product specialist.

Question 11

Diversion

Answer 11

Is a physical method of consignment by which barriers are constructed on ground or placed in a waterway to intentionally control the movement of a hazardous material into an area where it will pose less harm to the community and the environment

Question 12

Dispersion

Answer 12

Chemical method of confinement by which certain chemical and biological agents are used to disperse or break up material involved in liquid spills on water. Do you said dispersants may result in spreading the hazmat over a larger area. They are often apply to hydrocarbons spills resulting in oil and water, motions and diluting the Hazmat to acceptable levels.

Question 13

Retention

Answer 13

There’s a physical method of confinement by which a liquid is temporary contained in the area where can be absorbed, neutralizer picked up for proper disposal. They are intended to be more permanent. It may require resources, such as purple basins or bladder bags constructed of chemically resistant materials

Question 14

Vapor dispersion

Answer 14

Physical method of confinement. Water spray or fans are used to disperse or move vapors away from the surface areas of the product. Is particularly effective on water, soluble materials like in (anhydrous ammonia)

Question 15

Vapor suppression is a physical method of confinement to reduce, or eliminate the papers emanating from us, build a release material. It’s offensive technique used mitigate the evolution of flame, corrosive or toxic papers, and reduce the surface area exposed to the atmosphere. For example, class B firefighting foams, and chemical vapor suppressant.

Question 16

What is neutralization when referring to a containment tactic?

Answer 16

is a chemical method of containment by which a hazmat is neutralized by applying a second material to the original spill, which will chemically react with it, form a less harmful substance. The most common example of the application of a bass to an acid spill to form a neutral.

Question 17

What should be noted when using neutralization as a containment tactic?

Answer 17

During the initial phases of combining an acid, and a base, a tremendous amount of energy may be generated as well as toxic and flammable vapors. And possibly should be limited to spells of less than 55 gallons.

Question 18

How should corrosive spills be neutralized?

Answer 18

From the outer most edge inward, thereby protecting the responder

Question 19

What is overpacking?

Answer 19

Physical method of containment, by which a liquid drum, container a cylinder this place inside larger on damage compatible overpack container. Although commonly used for a liquid containers are packing can be also use for some compressed, gas cylinders like chlorine.

Question 20

What are liquid over packs constructed of?

Answer 20

Liquid over packs are constructed both of steel and polyethylene. They range in size from 5 gallon to 110 gallon (19L -416L) capacity lab packs range in saves from 20 gallons to 110 gallon capacity (75L -416L)

Question 21

What is the inverted method for over packing?

Answer 21

Flip the compatible overpack container of a leak in Jerome. However, leaking dramas upright all bunks and lit openings will now be on the bottom after the overpack operation thereby making pump off operations more difficult. One tactic to minimize as promised the first overturn leaking drum onto the lid of the Overpack drum and then place overpack over the leaking drum, tighten down to attach a ring and invert the overpass from.

Question 22

What is the slide in method for Overpack containment?

Answer 22

Place the opened end of a horizontal overpack container near the lake and drum, then raise the end of leaking drum while your entry partner slides overpack around the leaking drum.

Question 23

What is the rolling slide in or V roll method of overpacking containment?

Answer 23

This can be used if space permits, and if the leaking drum is it in a horizontal position. Orient the drums, so that they form a wide V, with the open end of the overpack drum placed under the rim of the leaking drum then push the drums from the Apex of the base of the rolling drum motion causes the leaking drum to roll into the overpack drum finally told both drunks into an upright position.

Question 24

What are salvage cylinders?

Answer 24

Overpack device used for transporting a leaking, damage or deteriorated compressed, gas cylinder. But they’re not readily available, the mobilization process can be very time consuming, and they are extremely expensive to manufacture and purchase.

Question 25

What is patching(plugging) in reference to containment?

Answer 25

Physical method of containment that uses chemically compatible patches, and plugs to reduce or temporary stop the flow of materials from small container, holes, rips, tears, or gashes

Question 26

What is pressure, isolation and reduction containment

Answer 26

Physical or chemical method of containment, by which the internal pressure of a closed container is reduced. The objective is to reduce sufficiently the internal pressure to either reduce the flow or minimize the potential of a container failure.

Question 27

Isolating pumps and pressure/energy sources

Answer 27

Some containers, a pressurized through a separate compressor or pumping sessions to move a transfer products. In this scenario is the magnitude of a leak can be significantly reduced by simply lowering the pressure, completely isolating, or shutting down the compressor or pumping system. In some cases emergency shut down can be executed for a single switch by an operator.

Question 28

Venting means to reduce pressure

Answer 28

Controlled release of the material to reduce and control the pressure. And decrease the probability of a violent container rupture. This method is dependent on the nature of the hazardous material. only non-flammable gases.

Question 29

Scrubbing to reduce pressure

Answer 29

Usually associated with venting and involves the use of a physical or chemical filter or control device to scrub contaminants, particulates, or gases during normal or emergency process operations.
P349

Question 30

Flaring to reduce pressure

Answer 30

The controlled burning of a liquid or gas material to reduce or control pressure inside the tank, dispose of residual vapors, and or dispose of a product and transfer operations may be impractical.

Question 31

What does tapping as a means to reduce pressure?

Answer 31

Used to gain access to bulk, liquid or gas tanks, pipelines are containers for the purpose of product removal. It involves the welding of a thread and also to the exterior of a tank for pipeline. Valve is there an attached to the thread, and also in the hole is drill through the container show with her specifically designed machine. Julie machine is equipped with seals that prevent the loss of product or the drilling operation. Closer than attached to the valve outlet and the contents removed.

Question 32

What is vent & burn? Is a process to reduce pressure?

Answer 32

Shaved explosive chargers, our place by explosive demolition Specialists onto the final container, such as a pressurized tank, car to cut a hole or holes in it. There by allowing the contacts to to flow into a pit constructed adjacent to the bridge car where the product can safely burn off. Usually last resort