Hazmat Flashcards
The term LP refers to Liquefied Petroleum Gases, which are stored as a liquid under pressure but vaporize into a gas when the pressure is released. They are
also referred to as “LPG” or “Bottled Gas”. They are generally composed of propane, butane or some combination thereof.
NON TOXIC
NON POISONOUS
ODORLESS
FLAMMABLE
-presents a hazard to HIGHLY VOLATILE FLAMMABLE LIQUID WITH MORE RAPID VAPORIZATION
HEAVY THEN AIR (1.5 to 2 times heavier)
Whenever possible, approach the fire or leak from up-wind. Keep nozzle low and aim it upward to disperse gases or flaming vapors.
Clear all Persons out of the vapor cloud area, evacuate areas in the path of the vapor cloud immediately. Shut off all sources of ignition at the same time. Keep
in mind that LP gas is heavier than air
Keep everyone, not actually engaged in operations, at least 1000 feet from the front and rear of the tank and 500 feet from the sides.
PORTABLE DRY CHEM IS EFFECTIVE ON LPG AND CO2 WILL WORK
1000 feet from and rear
500 from sides
-Do not extinguish the fire until the leak has been stopped, except under extremely
unusual conditions-
If the only valve that can be used to stop the flow of gas is involved in fire or is exposed to heat or flame, consider the possibility of using a heavy fog stream to
protect member while they shut off the valve. Proceed slowly to prevent flashback which may entrap the member in flames. Members involved should
wear masks and protective fire clothing
Tank surfaces that are exposed to heat, either from auto exposure or fire from another source, can be protected by supplying large quantities of water on them. Approach the tank from the sides, applying water to all exposed surfaces as well as piping and valves
Where escaping gas is on fire and the flow cannot be shut off, application of large quantities of water on the tank and piping will permit controlled burning, allowing
the fire to consume the contents of the tank without the danger of tank or pipe failure. Make certain that fire is NOT extinguished
Tank failure usually occurs in …
VAPOR AREA.
-Sometimes a frost line can show liquid level
BEFORE tank failure occurs…
-Rise in pressure in tank that shows increased volume of fire or increased noise level or bubble/blistering….WITHDRAW TO SAFE AREA.
Ordinarily no attempt should be made to move a tank involved in a fire. Usually little would be gained in reducing the hazard.
However, if specific conditions
develop that make it desirable to move the tank, it should be moved in an UPRIGHT position.
LEAKING GAS/NO FIRE
Water spray is effective in dispersing LP gas vapor. It should be used as soon as possible, directing the spray stream across the normal vapor path and dispersing
the vapor to a safe location.
If water spray is not effective in dispersing the LP gas vapor, then heavy streams of water should be used from a safe distance.
f the tank area is involved in a fire, immediately locate where the tank relief valve discharges and keep clear of this area. Should the relief valve function and discharge gas, the resulting discharge and possible fire could harm
personnel. Direct water fog on the tank’s outer surface to keep it cool from the heat or flame impingement
The discharge point of the relief valve on passenger cars are positioned within 45 degrees of vertical. This could be located on top of the trunk or in the rear quarter panel or possibly off the rear bumper
-If you cannot find the discharge point of the relief valve on the exterior of the vehicle, under cover of water fog open the trunk to get at the fuel tank, then turn off the supply valve and apply water to the container.
CNG CYLINDER..
CNG CANNOT BLEVE (NOT LIQUID)
CAN’T STOP FLOW OF GAS (LET IT BURN)
-cooling may cause relief valve to NOT ACTIVATE
UPS AND SANITATION USE….
CNG VEHICLES
EVERY vehicle POWERED BY CNG REQUIRING FD PERMIT…
WARNING PLACARD FROM AND REAR BUMPER
“1971”
LPG (1075 PLACARD)
CNG CYLINDERS..
PRESSURED TO 3000 LBS
-FUSIBLE PLUG PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE (NOT A VALVE WE CAN SHUT…BUT A PLUG)
SUBJECT TO FAILURE NOT BLEVE
LEAK IN CNG…
-emergency shutoff (sign/ 1/4 turn)
-each cylinder turn clockwise
FIRE IN CNG…
-extinguish STOP FLOW OF GAS
**UNABLE to close shutoff or cylinders……flow of gas cannot be stopped…DO NOT EXTINGUISH FIRE AND DO NOT APPLY WATER…COOLING RELIEF DEVICE WILL RENDER INACTIVE **
-CONTROLLED BURN
MAY TAKE 10-15 MINUTES for high pressure relief valve to subside…30 minutes full…
-minimum safe perimeter 100 FEET AROUND VEHICLE
-PRD on both ends VENT UP AND SIDEWAYS
-additional l PRDS ON BOTTOM OF REGULATOR
-ALWAYS APPROACH ON 45 DEGREE ANGLE
-DO not approach front or sides
NO PLACARDS…
TRANSPORTER NAME /LICENSE/STATE
SAME FOR RAILROADS.
-substance by name…relay phonetically to dispatch
DOT requires placards only on trucks transporting
OVER 1000 pounds
Do not use water on any substance
FUMING until identified
DERAILED TANK CAR..
CALL HAZMAT, IN ALL CASES
ASBESTOS…
–not a hazard UNLESS MATERIAL IS FRIABLE
-INHALATION MAJOR ISSUE
ALL GOOD LT. STANDARD OPERATION PROCEDURE REQUIRES CAREFUL MANAGEMENT
-ALKALINES
-COMPRESSED GASES
-FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
-FLAMMABLE SOLIDS
-OXIDIZERS
-POISONS
-RADIOACTIVE
-CORROSIVES
-
CO..
-colorless/odorless/tasteless
-NON IRRITATING
-TOXIC
-FLAMMABLE GAS
-AUTO IGNITION 1128 FARENHEIT
-LOWER EXPLOSIVE 12.5 %
- UPPER EXPLOSIVE 74 %
(natural gas 5 %- 15 %)
-CO SLIGHTLY LIGHTER THEN AIR …disperse evenly through the room (natural gas..significantly lighter )
TWO METERS…each battalion /ladder/engine
–AFFIXED TO HT on radio strap ABOVE REMOTE MIC
-LADDER COMPANY –recommended 2nd meter to OV
-ENGINE - AFFIXED TO O2 BAG
BATTAION 2ND METER –AIDE
REPLACEMENT CO METER…
CONTACT HAZMAT OPS (not Battalion )
OSHA MAX SAFE WORKING LEVEL…
35PPM OVER 8 HOUR PERIOD
-residential levels not exceed 9 PPM over 8 hours
CO SYMPTOMS…
-ventilate
-call utility
-evacuate affected area
-REQUEST EMS
IC request utility respond when..
-SHUT OFF GAS
-CO OVER 9 PPM
-ANYONE EXHIBITING SYMPTOMS
CO INCIDENT..-
9 ppm or less
-no one symptomatic
10-38
code 1- INVESTIGATION
CODE2- 1-9 PPM (INCIDENT)
CODE 3- OVER 9 PPM
CODE 4- NO DETECTOR ACTIVATION
CO EMERGENCY..
OVER 9 PPM OR PEOPLE WITH SYMPTOMS
-over 9 ppm / less than 100
-10-99 ppm (POTENTIALLY dangerous…RECOMMEND EVACUATION)
100 OR MORE (POTENTIALLY LETHAL…MANDATORY EVACUATION)
10-37 CODE 1 OR 2 AT CO EMERGENCY…
NOTIFY FIRE MARSHALS
DRAEGAR CO METER
-CO METER always on (radio strap above remote mic…CHIEF AND AIDE)
-two buttons ..only green ok button
-Alarm 1–35 ppm –silence by pressing green ok button …slow tones/ slow vibration/slow lights..1 second
(CO falls below 35 ppm alarm turns off)
Alarm 2 -activates at 100 PPM …can be silenced with OK BUTTON ..fast tone/fast vibrate/fast light….1/2 second
(CO FALLS BELOW 100…METER WILL GO TO ALARM 1)
METER will retain HIGHEST READING.
“RRR”…OVER LIMIT –EXCEEDS 2,000 PPM
Meter will display up to 2,000 ppm
-calibration by haz mat ops meter room every 6 months …error message 2 days prior to 180 day calibration-
LITHIUM BATTERY MAX LIFE 2 YEARS
-first battery pre alarm –5% remain (1 day-2 weeks left..can be acknowledged)
-MAIN BATTERY ALARM–10-0 AND SHUT DOWN…cannot be acknowledged )
CPC units…
trained in LEVEL A AND LEVEL B
-NO MITIGATION / NO METERS
-THEY DO NOT HAVE METERS
THEY CAN DECON
-CAN DO SEARCH AND RESCUE REMOVAL
CPC unit entry..
5 TRAINED MEMBERS
-2 entry / 2 back up/ 1 decon and 1 supervisor
-can be different units
must have DECON ESTABLISHED AND BACK UP PRIOR TO ENTRY
CPC unit officer report to IC …
-Recommend ENTRY POINT TO IC
-CPC OFFICER NOT DON SUIT UNLESS REQUIRED (line of sight/complex entry/number of teams…wear suit)
ONE OR TWO VICTIMS..
ONE CPC UNIT IS OK
-one member leaves other member must leave
-one member goes down for unknown reason, other member leaves.
**BACKUP TEAM ONLY ONE TASK…REMOVAL OF DOWN MEMBER (ENTRY TEAM)..OPERATING TIME LESS THAN ENTRY TEAM)–CANNOT REMOVE CIVILIANS
DECON MEMBER–PRIMARY FUNCTION IS DECON TO ENTRY TEAM
SECONDARY FUNCTION —DECON FIRST RESPONDERS OR CIVILIANS
NST–noxious stimulus triage..
-MULTIPLE UNCONSCIOUS VICTIMS
-NUDGE VICTIM TO DETERMINE
MULTIPLE ENTRY TEAMS UTILIZED …CHIEF IN CHARGE OF HAZMAT GROUP SHALL MAINTAIN ADEQUATE NUMBER OF CPC PERSONNEL IN BACK UP POSITION
*IC SHALL SPECIAL CALL FAST UNIT (HAZMAT TECH UNIT OR CPC UNIT ) IF MORE THAN 2 ENTRY TEAMS ARE OPERATIN
LARGE INCIDENT–MULTIPLE VICTIMS (3 OR MORE)
-Ambulatory first (TO CCP)
-NON AMBULATORY (NST–NO RESPONSE –BLACK TAGGED)
unconscious victims responding to NST shall be removed to 2nd CCP WITH HAZTAC TECHNICIANS
-AFTER NON AMBULATORY—ENTRY TEAMS CAN REMOVE BLACK TAGS
RAPID PHYSICAL REMOVAL OF MATERIAL FROM VICTIM SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT ACTION OF DECON.
IC must determine number of civilians and responders requiring decon
MASS DECON
-THE IC SHALL DESIGNATE DECON CONTROL OFFICER (preferably BATTALION CHIEF )
-ALL exposed people remove to SAFE REFUGE AREA (ALAYS IN WARM ZONE)
DECON CORRIDOR …
-REMOVE CONTAMINATION
1. REMOVE OUTER CLOTHING
2. WASH VICTIM WITH WATER (SOAP CAN BE ADDED)
OUTER CLOTHING REMOVED VASTLY REDUCES CONTAMINATION
CLOTHING REMOVED (90%)
FF–BUNKER GEAR REMOVED FIRST …CONTINUE DONNING FACEPIECE –MEMBER HOLDS SCBA STRAP….(FACE PIECE LAST)
EMERGENCY LOW PRESSURE STREAMS –HIGH VOLUME OF WATER..
- 2 1/2” HANDLINE –50-80 PSI–AQUASTREAM
- TWO HANDLINES OPPOSITE 25-30 FEET
- TWO PUMPERS (GREATLY INCREASE DECON…BEST METHOD) PARALLEL -25 FEET APART..CONTROL PANELS ON OUTSIDE…AUQA STREAM
- TL - TURBO MASTER
- AERIAL - AQUA STREAM
- 3 PUMPERS –AQUA STREAM ON MULTIVERSAL
25-30 FOOT LONG WATER SPRAY
AS VICTIMS EXIT WATER SPRAY AREA…
EMS HAZTAC PERSONNEL OR OTHER EMS WLL EVALUATE VICTIMS
EMS HAZTAC PERSONNEL CAN OPERATE IN CPC/HOTZONE….PRIMARY OPTION
.Fentanyl exposure..
lightly wet
-under garments laundered
gear bagged (facepiece removed last)
Lithium Ion Storage systems…
stored energy for future use
Battery management system
ESS
rising temperature…SHUT DOWN REMOTELY
Subject matter experts..
called on phone or special called to scene
TWO times we should not shut ESS WITHOUT CONSULTATION..
- GRID SUPPORT
- UPS (uninterruptible power supply)
General hazards (ESS)
MOST IMPORTANT –EXPLOSION
-explosion potential when heated …FLAMMABLE GASES THAT CREATE EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE
**REIGNITION –HOURS TO DAYS AFTER FIRE
DELAYED IGNITION
NO FIRE OR SMOKE SHOWING UPON ARRIVAL …ESS..
ALWAYS GIVE
10-80-1
-establish danger zone (always )…50 FOOT RADIUS around containers/cabinets…
-100 feet from exhaust fan opening (OPPOSITE FIRE HOOK UP CONNECTION)….cabinets may not have exhaust
-hydrant
-precautionary line
-STRETCH supply line to FD CONNECTION (NO CHARGE)
-wait for HAZMAT
HAZMAT:
if RISING temperature request sprinkler charge through IC
-SHUT DOWN ESS (under direction of subject matter expert or con ed white hat
-EXHAUST CONTAINER/CABINET
NO RISE IN TEMP
-DON’ CHARGE
-DON’T SHUT DOWN
ALWAYS EXHAUST
FIRE OR SMOKE SHOWING UPON ARRIVAL
–not waiting for HAZMAT
–MINIMUM 50 FEET
-100 FEET FROM EXHAUST
-SHUT DOWN
-CHARGE FD CONNECTION
-EXHAUST CABINET/CONTAINER
USE EXTERIOR HOSE LINE….NARROW FOG OR STRAIGHT STREAM
ESS….
may open container or cabinet door AFTER CONSULT WITH SUBJECT MATTER EXPERT…
*DO NOT GO IN , DO NOT OVERHAUL
LITHIUM ION BATTERY HAZARDS…
-Battery may rupture, vent toxic flammable gases and explode violently (D.E.P.T.) drying after wet, electrical over charging , Physical activity, crushed…thermal problems)
THERMAL CAMERA
not relied upon to determine if battery pack or cell is compromised
THERMAL RUNAWAY ..
-take place in seconds
-pop/rupture, white pressurized smoke
-WATER MAY NOT PREVENT BATTERY FROM ENTERING THERMAL RUNAWAY
-cooling may help
**dry chem is ineffective *
-unexpected reignition (COMMON)
-explosive force
LITHIUM ION BATTERY..
USE HANDLINE (COPIUS AMOUNT OF WATER )
-water application should continue until conditions are dormant
*LITIUM ION BATTERY FOUND OR SUBJECT TO HIGH TEMPERATURE DURING A FIRE..REMOVED BEFOR OVERHAUL
BATTERY MOVED TO FOLLOWING LOCATIONS IN ORDER OF PREFERENCE…
- BATHROOM TUB (FULLY SUBMERGED)
- SINK (ALL CELLS FULLY SUBMERGED)
- GARBAGE PAIL/BUCKET (FULLY SUBMERGED )
**ABOVE OPTIONS NOT PRACTICAL…REMOVE OUT THE WINDOW…APPROVAL OF IC)…If this isn’t practical (high rise)..move to different location on fire floor under protection of CHARGED LINE)
ELEVATOR OR STAIRS..**OVER PACKED BY HAZMAT AND APPROVAL OF INCIDENT COMMANDER **
NO lithium ion batteries in pockets..
remove shovel wth wooden handle
FULL PPE / Donned facepiece..
-when operating in immediate area of these devices.
-removing it or handling it to bathtub sink bucket
-securing with rope
-physical damage to mobility device or battery
HAZMAT 1 OR HAZMAT TECH UNIT SPECIAL CALLED TO ANY FIRE INCIDENT WITH LITHIUM ION SUSPECTED
-CHARGED HANDLINE UNTIL HAZMAT PACKS AND MITIGATES
-IC DETERMINE WATCHLINE (NOT MANDATED ) FOR PACKING AND REMOVAL
HAZMAT Call Sanitation to scene…
sanitation will pick up in over packed drums next business day
IC CAN REQUEST EMERGENCY PICK UP AND REQUEST ETA
-HAVE ENGINE STANDBY
