Hantavirus Pulmonary syndrome(HPS )

Question 1

type

Answer 1

Family:
Bunyaviridae
Negative ssRNA
Spherical
Lipid envelope
Sin Nombre
virus(SNV) -
commonest
cause of
HPS(north
america)

Question 2

transmission

Answer 2

RODENTS
-rodents shed
virus in urine,
droppings and saliva

Question 3

. Prodromal(3-5
days):

Answer 3

Viral illness: fever,
headache, myalgia,
vomiting, diarrhea;
confused with viral
gastroenteritis

Question 4

Cardiopulmonary
phase(24-48 hrs)

Answer 4

Shift of fluid from
intravascular to
extravascular →Pulmonary edema→
dyspnea, dry cough
→ circulatory
collapse
- Rarely oliguric renal
failure due to ATN

Question 5

Convalescent:

Answer 5

Diuresis,complete
resolution in weeks

Question 6

pathogenesis

Answer 6

Generalized Increase in
capillary permeability from
endothelial damage
Injury due to host’s
immunological response to
antigens - onset of sx due to
specific antibodies to the
virus

Question 7

diagnostic

Answer 7

1. RT-PCR for
   viral RNA
2. ELISA for IgM
   and IgG abs
   against
   Hantavirus
   > initial
   screening of sera
   for IgG & IgM
   Abs against
   nucleocapsid
   proteins common
   to ALL hantavirus> confirm by
   specific Abs
   against Sin
   Nombre virus