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Anatomy Exam III material > Hand and Wrist > Flashcards

Hand and Wrist Flashcards

1
Q

How many metacarpals (hand) bones

A

5 bones

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2
Q

Phalanges are how many bones and digits

A

14 bones, 5 digits

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3
Q

Each digit of the had has ___ segments except for the thumb which has ___

A

3, 2

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4
Q

Joints of the wrist and hand

A
  • Carpometacarpal joints
  • Metacarpophalangeal joints
  • Interphalangeal joints
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5
Q

Ligaments of the hand and wrist

A
  • Collateral ligaments
    • radial
    • Ulnar
    • Phalangeal
  • Carpal ligaments
  • metacarpal ligaments
  • Carpometacarpal ligaments
  • palmar ligaments
  • intermetacarpal ligements
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6
Q

Radius- proximal carpal row (scaphoid and lunate)=

A

radiocarpal joint

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7
Q

Radiocarpal joint

A

Radius- proximal carpal row (scaphoid and lunate)

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8
Q

distal carpal row- proximal carpal row=

A

midcarpal joint

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9
Q

midcarpal joint

A

distal carpal row- proximal carpal row

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10
Q

____% of flexion occurs at radiocarpal joint, ____% occurs at the midcarpal joint

A

40%, 60%

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11
Q

___% of extension of the wrist occurs at the midcarpal joint, _____ % occurs at the radiocarpal joint

A

33%, 67%

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12
Q

Abduction of the wrist joints is synonymous with and is about ____ degrees

A

radial deviation (15-25 degrees)

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13
Q

Adduction of the wrist joints is synonymous with ____ and how many degrees

A

Ulnar deviation (30-45 degrees)

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14
Q

Radial and ulnar deviation (abduction and adduction respectively) mostly occur at ____ joint

A

midcarpal

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15
Q

_____ tendons form a moveable hood over the MP and IP joints of the fingers called the ______

A

extensor tendons, extensor expansion

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16
Q

The arrangement of both extensor muscles and intrinsic hand muscles that attach to the dorsal digital expansion enable the

A

uncoupling of flexion and extension

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17
Q

The extensor hood mechanism enables the long extensor tendons to

A

strongly extend the MP joint and allows extension of IP joints when MP joints are flexed by lumbricals, which also attach to the “hood” part of the extensor expansion

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18
Q

As the median nerve reaches the carpal tunnel, it moves from a position between _______ and _____, to a position ___________

A

flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus, to a position superficial to flexor digitorum superficialis

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19
Q

What muscle is responsible for the power grip

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

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20
Q

How many carpals (wrist) bones

A

8 bones

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21
Q

Dupuytren’s Contracture

A

-Progressive shortening and thickening of the palmar fascia that pulls the 4th and 5th digits into partial flexion. Tends to be hereditary

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22
Q

The long tendon of ________ has a synovial sheath that is separate from the ulnar bursa

A

Flexor pollicis longus

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23
Q

The long tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus enter a common flexor sheath (ulnar bursa) beaneath the

A

flexor retinaculum

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24
Q

Each of the 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus enters its own separate _______. This ________ is within a fibrous digital sheath

A

synovial sheath, synovial sheath

25
Q

The synovial sheath for digit ____ is continuous with the ulnar bursa

A

5

26
Q

Tensosynovitis

A

Infections in the digital synovial sheaths can cause inflammation of the tendon and synovial sheath. for the 5th digit, such an infection can spread into carpal tunnel and into the forearm because the digital synovial sheath is continuous with the ulnar bursa

27
Q

Tensosynovitis in the ____ digit can spread into the carpal tunnel and into the forearm because

A

5th digits, because the digital synovial sheath is continuous with the ulnar bursa

28
Q

The Thenar eminence is formed by what 3 muscles

A
  • Abductor pollicis brevis
  • flexor pollicis brevis
    • superficial head
    • deep head
  • opponens pollicis
29
Q

what muscle of the intrinsic Thenar Muscles on the palmar aspect of the hand is not part of the Thenar eminence

A
  • Adductor pollicis
    • oblique head
    • transverse head
30
Q

What are the 4 Thenar muscles on the palmar aspect of the hand

A
  • 3 form the thenar eminence
    • abductor pollicis brevis
    • flexor pollicis brevis
      • superficial head
      • deep head
    • opponens pollicis
  • one muscle that is not part of Thenar eminence
    • Adductor pollicis
      - oblique head
      - transverse head
31
Q

Intrinsic hypothenar muscles (5th digit) on the palmar aspect of the hand

A
  • flexor digiti minimi
  • abductor digit minimi
  • opponens digiti minimi

(not that the palmaris brevis lies superficial to the three above)

32
Q

Proximal attachment of opponens pollicis

A

-flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

33
Q

Distal attachment of opponens pollicis

A

lateral side of 1st metacarpal

34
Q

Actions of Opponens Pollicis

A

oppose thumb and medially rotate 1st metacarpal

35
Q

Inervation of Opponens pollicis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

36
Q

Proximal attachment of abductor pollicis brevis

A

flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

37
Q

Distal attachment of abductor pollicis brevis

A

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

38
Q

Actions of abductor pollicis brevis

A
  • Abduct thumb

- aid in opposition

39
Q

Innervation of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

40
Q

Proximal attachment of Flexor pollicis brevis

A
  • Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
41
Q

distal attachment of flexor pollicis brevis

A

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

42
Q

Actions of flexor pollicis brevis

A

flexes thumb

43
Q

innervation of flexor pollicis brevis

A
  • recurrent branch of median nerve (superficial head)

- deep branch of ulnar nerve (deep head)

44
Q

Proximal attachment of the adductor pollicis

A

bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, and adjacent carpals

45
Q

Distal attachment of adductor pollicis

A

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

46
Q

Actions of adductor pollicis

A

adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm

47
Q

Innervation of adductor pollicis

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve

48
Q

Proximal attachment of abductor digiti minimi

A

Pisiform

49
Q

Distal attachment of abductor digiti minimi

A

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

50
Q

Actions of abductor digiti minimi

A
  • abducts 5th digit

- aids in flexion of 5th proximal phalanx

51
Q

Innervation of abductor digiti minimi

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

52
Q

Proximal attachment of flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

A

hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

53
Q

Distal attachment of flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

A

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

54
Q

Actions of flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

A

Flexes proximal phalanx of digit 5

55
Q

Innervation of flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve

56
Q

Proximal attachment of Opponens digiti minimi

A

Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

57
Q

Distal attachment of Opponens digiti minimi

A

Medial border of 5th metacarpal

58
Q

Actions of Opponens digiti minimi

A

brings 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it to bring it into opposition with thumb

59
Q

Innervation of Opponens digiti minimi

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve

Anatomy Exam III material (9 decks)

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