Hand and Wrist

Question 1

How many metacarpals (hand) bones

Answer 1

5 bones

Question 2

Phalanges are how many bones and digits

Answer 2

14 bones, 5 digits

Question 3

Each digit of the had has ___ segments except for the thumb which has ___

Answer 3

3, 2

Question 4

Joints of the wrist and hand

Answer 4

• Carpometacarpal joints
• Metacarpophalangeal joints
• Interphalangeal joints

Question 5

Ligaments of the hand and wrist

Answer 5

• Collateral ligaments
  
  • radial
  • Ulnar
  • Phalangeal
• Carpal ligaments
• metacarpal ligaments
• Carpometacarpal ligaments
• palmar ligaments
• intermetacarpal ligements

Question 6

Radius- proximal carpal row (scaphoid and lunate)=

Answer 6

radiocarpal joint

Question 7

Radiocarpal joint

Answer 7

Radius- proximal carpal row (scaphoid and lunate)

Question 8

distal carpal row- proximal carpal row=

Answer 8

midcarpal joint

Question 9

midcarpal joint

Answer 9

distal carpal row- proximal carpal row

Question 10

____% of flexion occurs at radiocarpal joint, ____% occurs at the midcarpal joint

Answer 10

40%, 60%

Question 11

___% of extension of the wrist occurs at the midcarpal joint, _____ % occurs at the radiocarpal joint

Answer 11

33%, 67%

Question 12

Abduction of the wrist joints is synonymous with and is about ____ degrees

Answer 12

radial deviation (15-25 degrees)

Question 13

Adduction of the wrist joints is synonymous with ____ and how many degrees

Answer 13

Ulnar deviation (30-45 degrees)

Question 14

Radial and ulnar deviation (abduction and adduction respectively) mostly occur at ____ joint

Answer 14

midcarpal

Question 15

_____ tendons form a moveable hood over the MP and IP joints of the fingers called the ______

Answer 15

extensor tendons, extensor expansion

Question 16

The arrangement of both extensor muscles and intrinsic hand muscles that attach to the dorsal digital expansion enable the

Answer 16

uncoupling of flexion and extension

Question 17

The extensor hood mechanism enables the long extensor tendons to

Answer 17

strongly extend the MP joint and allows extension of IP joints when MP joints are flexed by lumbricals, which also attach to the “hood” part of the extensor expansion

Question 18

As the median nerve reaches the carpal tunnel, it moves from a position between _______ and _____, to a position ___________

Answer 18

flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus, to a position superficial to flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 19

What muscle is responsible for the power grip

Answer 19

Flexor digitorum profundus

Question 20

How many carpals (wrist) bones

Answer 20

8 bones

Question 21

Dupuytren’s Contracture

Answer 21

-Progressive shortening and thickening of the palmar fascia that pulls the 4th and 5th digits into partial flexion. Tends to be hereditary

Question 22

The long tendon of ________ has a synovial sheath that is separate from the ulnar bursa

Answer 22

Flexor pollicis longus

Question 23

The long tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus enter a common flexor sheath (ulnar bursa) beaneath the

Answer 23

flexor retinaculum

Question 24

Each of the 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus enters its own separate _______. This ________ is within a fibrous digital sheath

Answer 24

synovial sheath, synovial sheath

Question 25

The synovial sheath for digit ____ is continuous with the ulnar bursa

Answer 25

5

Question 26

Tensosynovitis

Answer 26

Infections in the digital synovial sheaths can cause inflammation of the tendon and synovial sheath. for the 5th digit, such an infection can spread into carpal tunnel and into the forearm because the digital synovial sheath is continuous with the ulnar bursa

Question 27

Tensosynovitis in the ____ digit can spread into the carpal tunnel and into the forearm because

Answer 27

5th digits, because the digital synovial sheath is continuous with the ulnar bursa

Question 28

The Thenar eminence is formed by what 3 muscles

Answer 28

- Abductor pollicis brevis - flexor pollicis brevis - superficial head - deep head - opponens pollicis

Question 29

what muscle of the intrinsic Thenar Muscles on the palmar aspect of the hand is not part of the Thenar eminence

Answer 29

- Adductor pollicis - oblique head - transverse head

Question 30

What are the 4 Thenar muscles on the palmar aspect of the hand

Answer 30

- 3 form the thenar eminence - abductor pollicis brevis - flexor pollicis brevis - superficial head - deep head - opponens pollicis - one muscle that is not part of Thenar eminence - Adductor pollicis - oblique head - transverse head

Question 31

Intrinsic hypothenar muscles (5th digit) on the palmar aspect of the hand

Answer 31

- flexor digiti minimi - abductor digit minimi - opponens digiti minimi (not that the palmaris brevis lies superficial to the three above)

Question 32

Proximal attachment of opponens pollicis

Answer 32

-flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

Question 33

Distal attachment of opponens pollicis

Answer 33

lateral side of 1st metacarpal

Question 34

Actions of Opponens Pollicis

Answer 34

oppose thumb and medially rotate 1st metacarpal

Question 35

Inervation of Opponens pollicis

Answer 35

Recurrent branch of median nerve

Question 36

Proximal attachment of abductor pollicis brevis

Answer 36

flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

Question 37

Distal attachment of abductor pollicis brevis

Answer 37

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 38

Actions of abductor pollicis brevis

Answer 38

- Abduct thumb | - aid in opposition

Question 39

Innervation of abductor pollicis brevis

Answer 39

Recurrent branch of median nerve

Question 40

Proximal attachment of Flexor pollicis brevis

Answer 40

- Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

Question 41

distal attachment of flexor pollicis brevis

Answer 41

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 42

Actions of flexor pollicis brevis

Answer 42

flexes thumb

Question 43

innervation of flexor pollicis brevis

Answer 43

- recurrent branch of median nerve (superficial head) | - deep branch of ulnar nerve (deep head)

Question 44

Proximal attachment of the adductor pollicis

Answer 44

bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, and adjacent carpals

Question 45

Distal attachment of adductor pollicis

Answer 45

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 46

Actions of adductor pollicis

Answer 46

adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm

Question 47

Innervation of adductor pollicis

Answer 47

deep branch of ulnar nerve

Question 48

Proximal attachment of abductor digiti minimi

Answer 48

Pisiform

Question 49

Distal attachment of abductor digiti minimi

Answer 49

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 50

Actions of abductor digiti minimi

Answer 50

- abducts 5th digit | - aids in flexion of 5th proximal phalanx

Question 51

Innervation of abductor digiti minimi

Answer 51

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

Question 52

Proximal attachment of flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

Answer 52

hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

Question 53

Distal attachment of flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

Answer 53

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 54

Actions of flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

Answer 54

Flexes proximal phalanx of digit 5

Question 55

Innervation of flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

Answer 55

deep branch of ulnar nerve

Question 56

Proximal attachment of Opponens digiti minimi

Answer 56

Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

Question 57

Distal attachment of Opponens digiti minimi

Answer 57

Medial border of 5th metacarpal

Question 58

Actions of Opponens digiti minimi

Answer 58

brings 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it to bring it into opposition with thumb

Question 59

Innervation of Opponens digiti minimi

Answer 59

deep branch of ulnar nerve