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Anatomy Exam III material > Gluteal region > Flashcards

Gluteal region Flashcards

1
Q

what exits the greater sciatic foramen

A
  • Gluteal neuromuscular bundles
  • piriformis m.
  • Sciatic nerve
  • Posterior Femoral Cutaneous nerve
  • Pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery
  • obturator internus/superior gemellus nerve
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2
Q

What enters the lesser sciatic foramen

A
  • Pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery

- Obturator internus/superior gemellus nerve

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3
Q

What exits the lesser sciatic foramen

A

obturator internus

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4
Q

What are the nerves of the gluteal region

A
  • Cluneal nerves
    • Cutaneous
  • Deep nerves
    • Sacral plexus branches
      • leave pelvis via greater sciatic foramen
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5
Q

superior and middle cluneal (Clunial) nerves supply

A

superior 2/3; sacrum and adjacent area

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6
Q

The superior and middle cluneal (clunial) nerves origin

A

lateral branches of dorsal rami

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7
Q

Origin of the inferior cluneal (clunial) nerve

A

Gluteal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (S1-S3 ventral rami branches)

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8
Q

The inferior cluneal (clunial) nerve supply

A

inferior 1/3

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9
Q

The superior gluteal nerve supplies

A
  • Gluteus medius
  • Gluteus minimus
  • Tensor fasciae latae
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10
Q

The inferior gluteal nerve supplies

A

-Gluteus Maximus

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11
Q

Does the sciatic nerve supply any gluteal structures

A

No!

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12
Q

Posterior hip dislocation can cause

A
  • damage to the sciatic nerve
  • may result in paralysis of hamstrings and muscle distal to the knee
  • sensory change may occur in skin over the posterolateral aspects of the leg and most of the foot
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13
Q

a hip fracture results in ___ rotation

A

lateral

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14
Q

A hip dislocation results in _____ rotation

A

medial

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15
Q

What nerve supplies more skin than any other cutaneous nerve

A

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (S1-S3)

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16
Q

The obturator internus/superior gemellus nerve leaves pelvis via ______ and reenters pelvis via the _____

A

greater sciatic foramen, lesser sciatic foramen

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17
Q

Quadratus femoris/inferior Gemellus nerve origin

A

L4-S1 ventral Rami

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18
Q

Obturator internus/Superior Gemellus nerve origin

A

L5-S2 ventral Rami

19
Q

Origin of the Pudendal Nerve

A

Anterior divisions of S2-S4

20
Q

What is the most medial structure exiting the greater sciatic foramen

A

Pudendal Nerve

21
Q

What does the Pudendal nerve Supply

A

perineal structures

22
Q

Arteries of the gluteal region arise from the

A

internal Iliac artery

23
Q

What are the arteries of the gluteal region

A
  • Superior Gluteal artery
  • Inferior gluteal artery
  • Internal pudendal artery
24
Q

The superior gluteal artery supplies blood to the

A
  • Superior branch:
    • Supplies blood to the Gluteus Maximus
  • Deep Branch:
    • Supplies blood to the Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus, and Tensor fascia lata
25
Q

What is the largest internal iliac artery branch

A

Superior Gluteal artery

26
Q

The inferior gluteal artery supplies blood to

A
  • Gluteus Maximus
  • Small lateral rotators
  • Superior hamstrings
27
Q

What are the parts of the cruciate anastomosis of thigh

A
  • Inferior gluteal artery
  • Transverse branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery
  • Terminal part of the transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery
  • First perforating artery
28
Q

The internal pudendal artery supplies blood to

A

perineal muscles and external genitalia

29
Q

Does the pudendal artery supply blood to the gluteal structures

A

No

30
Q

Where should infragluteal injections be made

A

in the supero-lateral part of gluteal region in order to avoid the sciatic nerve and other gluteal nerves and vessels

31
Q

What is the largest gluteal muscle

A

Gluteus Maximus

32
Q

Functions of the gluteus Maxiums

A

Chief extensor of the thigh and lateral rotation

Slight extension of leg when working with tensor fascia lata (note this is via the IT band)

33
Q

What innervates the gluteus Maximus

A

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S1)

34
Q

Function(s) of gluteus medius and minimus

A

thigh abduction and medial rotation (particularly the gluteus minimus)

35
Q

What innervates gluteus medius and minimus

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L5-S1)

36
Q

The tensor fascia Lata is innervated by

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

37
Q

What are the functions of tensor fascia Lata

A
  • abducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh

- slight extension of knee along with the gluteus Maximus

38
Q

Function(s) of Iliotibial Tract

A
  • Assists in decelerating adduction of thigh
  • laterally stablizes knee
  • extends leg, compensate for quadriceps paralysis via gluteus maximus flexion
  • pulls patella laterally, antagonist of vests medialis, and synergist with flexing vests laterals for this action
  • stretch to treat chondromalacia patella
39
Q

What is the cause of a positive Trendelenburg’s sign (gluteal gait or limp)

A

-Superior gluteal nerve injury

effect- patten loses steadying action of gluteus medius and minimus

40
Q

Function of Piriformis

A

external rotation, abduction and extension of the hip joint; stabilization of the hip

41
Q

Innervation of the Piriformis

A

Direct branches from the sacral plexus (L5-S1) and the ventral rami (S1-S2)

42
Q

Innervation fo obturator externus

A

Obturator nerve (L3,L4)

43
Q

Bursa of the gluteal region

A
  • Gluteofemoral bursa
  • Bursa of obturator internus
  • Ischial bursa

Anatomy Exam III material (9 decks)

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