common insertion site for three muscles innervated by three separate nerves: - Sartorius tendon - Gracilis tendon - Semitendinosus tendon

Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards by Tyler Turner

Cutaneous nerves of the anterior and medial thigh

Lateral branch of the subcostal (T12)
Femoral branches of genitofemoral nerve (L1 and L2)
Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (L2 and L3)
Anterior (intermediate and medial) cutaneous branches of femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4,)
Cutaneous branch of obturator nerve (L2)
Saphenous nerve (continues on to leg from femoral nerve (L3, L4)

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Muscles of the anterior thigh

Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
Tensor Fascia lata (located in anterior thigh, but innervated from gluteal region)

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What is the chief flexor of the thigh

Iliopsoas

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Functions of the Iliopsoas muscle

chief flexor of the thigh

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What are the three parts of the iliopsoas muscle and what are they innervated by

Iliacus
- innervated by femoral nerve (L2-L3)
Psoas Major
- innervated by L1-L3 ventral rami
Psoas minor
- innervated by L1-L2

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what is the longest muscle in the body

Sartorius muscle

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What is the most superficial anterior thigh muscle

Sartorius muscle

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What is the Sartorius muscle innervated by

Femoral Nerve (L2-L3)

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What are the function of Sartorius Muscle

Flex, abduct, laterally rotate thigh

- flex leg

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Pes Anserinus

common insertion site for three muscles innervated by three separate nerves:

Sartorius tendon
Gracilis tendon
Semitendinosus tendon

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Functions of Quadriceps Femoris

made up of Vastus laterals, Vastus medialis, and Rectus Femoris

Overall it is the chief extensor of the leg
Vasti extend leg
Recus extends leg and also assists in flexion of the thigh

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What are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris

made up of Vastus laterals, Vastus medialis, and Rectus Femoris

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Innervation of Quadriceps Femoris

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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Medial thigh muscles (adductors)

Pectineus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Adductor hiatus

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Innervation fo Pectineus muscle

Femoral nerve (L2-L3) (occasionally a branch form the obturator nerve)

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Functions of the pectineus muscle

Adduct and flex thigh

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Innervation of Adductor longus muscle

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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Function(s) of adductor longus muscle

adducts and flexes thigh

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Innervation fo Gracilis muscle

Obturator nerve (L2-L3)

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This is a long straplike muscle that is the only adductor to cross the knee joint

Gracilis muscle

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functions of gracilis muscle

Adduct thigh

- Flex and medially rotate leg

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Innervation of adductor brevis muscle

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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Functions of adductor brevis muscle

Adducts and flexes thigh

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Largest thigh adductor muscle

Adductor magnus

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What are the 2 parts of the adductor magnus

- Adductor portion | - Hamstring potion

Innervation of adductor part of adductor magnus

obturator nerve (L2-L4)

Functions of adductor part of adductor magnus

Adduct and flexes thigh

Innervation of hamstring part of adductor magnus

Tibial division of sciatic nerve ( L4)

Function of hamstring part of adductor magnus

adducts and extends thigh

Nerve that supplies anterior thigh (extension) muscles

Femoral nerve

Nerve that supplies medial thigh (adduction) muscles

obturator nerve

Nerve that supplies posterior thigh (flexion) muscles

sciatic nerve

boundaries of femoral triangle

floor- pectinous and iliopasoas muscles | roof- fascia lata

Contents of Femoral triangle

- femoral nerve and branches - Femoral artery and branches - Femoral vein and tributaries - Femoral canal (empty space) with deep inguinal lymph nodes

Two vertical septa divide femoral sheath into three compartments what are they

- Lateral (femoral artery) - Intermediate (femoral vein - Medial or femoral canal

Does the femoral sheath contain the femoral nerve

What is the femoral ring

Proximal opening of the femoral canal covered by parietal peritoneum

Femoral Hernia

femoral ring: weak area in anterior abdominal wall where a loop of intestine can protrude into femoral canal

Origin of femoral nerv

L2-L4

Largest branch of lumbar plexus, forms in abdomen within the psoas major

Femoral nerve

The femoral nerve enters the thigh

just lateral to midpoint of inguinal ligament | - Lateral to femoral vessels

The femoral nerve supplies

anterior thigh muscles, hip and knee joints - Iliacus - Sartorius - Quadriceps Femoris - Pectineus

terminal cutaneous branch of femoral artery is

saphenous nerve

Meralgia Paresthetica

Compression of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve as it passes under inguinal ligament causes pain along lateral thigh

What may affect femoral nerve and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

anterior hip dislocation

Cutaneous nerve branch that accompanies femoral vessels

Saphenous Nerve

The saphenous nerve becomes superficial between

Sartorius and Gracilis

Saphenous nerve supplies skin of

- anterior and medial knee and leg | - medial foot

Opening in tendon of adductor magnus. Femoral vessels reach popliteal fossa via this arch way

Adductor Hiatus

Adductor canal

- intermuscular passage or fasical tunnel - begins at femoral triangle apex - ends at adductor hiatus

_______ and ______ exit though the medial side of the Adductor (Subartorial or Hunter's canal)

Saphenous nerve and saphenous branch of descending genicular artery

Chief arterial supply to lower limb

Femoral artery

Inferiorly in thigh, the femoral artery gives rise to

Descending genicular artery: - Articular branch - Saphenous branch

Largest branch of the femoral artery

Profunda Femoris artery (deep femoral artery)

Chief artery to thigh

Profunda Femoris Atery (deep femoral artery)

in the femoral triangle Profunda Femoris artery (deep femoral artery) gives rise to

medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

The Profunda Femoris artery (deep femoral artery) typically descends behind

adductor longus

Entry of femoral artery into femoral triangle

- deep to midpoint of inguinal ligament | - Lateral to femoral vein

Course of femoral artery

- Descends on iliopsoas, pectineus, and adductor longus muscles - Bisects apex deep to sartorius

Main arterial supply to femoral head and neck

Medial circumflex femoral arteries

The medial circumflex femoral artery passes between

Iliopsoas and pectineus to reach posterior thigh

The lateral circumflex femoral artery passes

laterally, deep to sartorius and rectus femoris

Lateral circumflex femoral artery supplies

lateral thigh muscles and femur head

The great saphenous vein is clinically significant because

can be used to administer blood, electrolytes, drugs, etc. | also can be used for coronary bypass surgery

For access to the venous system via the spahenous vein an incision can be made ______________. This may lead to what complications

anterior to medial malleolus (saphenous cutdown) | A patient may complain of pain along medial border of foot as a result due to the location of the saphenous nerve