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Anatomy Exam III material > Anterior and Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Cutaneous nerves of the anterior and medial thigh

A
  • Lateral branch of the subcostal (T12)
  • Femoral branches of genitofemoral nerve (L1 and L2)
  • Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
  • Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (L2 and L3)
  • Anterior (intermediate and medial) cutaneous branches of femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4,)
  • Cutaneous branch of obturator nerve (L2)
  • Saphenous nerve (continues on to leg from femoral nerve (L3, L4)
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2
Q

Muscles of the anterior thigh

A
  • Iliopsoas
  • Sartorius
  • Quadriceps femoris
  • Tensor Fascia lata (located in anterior thigh, but innervated from gluteal region)
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3
Q

What is the chief flexor of the thigh

A

Iliopsoas

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4
Q

Functions of the Iliopsoas muscle

A

chief flexor of the thigh

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5
Q

What are the three parts of the iliopsoas muscle and what are they innervated by

A
  • Iliacus
    • innervated by femoral nerve (L2-L3)
  • Psoas Major
    • innervated by L1-L3 ventral rami
  • Psoas minor
    • innervated by L1-L2
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6
Q

what is the longest muscle in the body

A

Sartorius muscle

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7
Q

What is the most superficial anterior thigh muscle

A

Sartorius muscle

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8
Q

What is the Sartorius muscle innervated by

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L3)

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9
Q

What are the function of Sartorius Muscle

A
  • Flex, abduct, laterally rotate thigh

- flex leg

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10
Q

Pes Anserinus

A

common insertion site for three muscles innervated by three separate nerves:

  • Sartorius tendon
  • Gracilis tendon
  • Semitendinosus tendon
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11
Q

Functions of Quadriceps Femoris

A

made up of Vastus laterals, Vastus medialis, and Rectus Femoris

  • Overall it is the chief extensor of the leg
  • Vasti extend leg
  • Recus extends leg and also assists in flexion of the thigh
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12
Q

What are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris

A

made up of Vastus laterals, Vastus medialis, and Rectus Femoris

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13
Q

Innervation of Quadriceps Femoris

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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14
Q

Medial thigh muscles (adductors)

A 
Pectineus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Adductor hiatus
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15
Q

Innervation fo Pectineus muscle

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L3) (occasionally a branch form the obturator nerve)

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16
Q

Functions of the pectineus muscle

A

Adduct and flex thigh

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17
Q

Innervation of Adductor longus muscle

A

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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18
Q

Function(s) of adductor longus muscle

A

adducts and flexes thigh

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19
Q

Innervation fo Gracilis muscle

A

Obturator nerve (L2-L3)

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20
Q

This is a long straplike muscle that is the only adductor to cross the knee joint

A

Gracilis muscle

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21
Q

functions of gracilis muscle

A
  • Adduct thigh

- Flex and medially rotate leg

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22
Q

Innervation of adductor brevis muscle

A

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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23
Q

Functions of adductor brevis muscle

A

Adducts and flexes thigh

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24
Q

Largest thigh adductor muscle

A

Adductor magnus

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25
Q

What are the 2 parts of the adductor magnus

A
  • Adductor portion

- Hamstring potion

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26
Q

Innervation of adductor part of adductor magnus

A

obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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27
Q

Functions of adductor part of adductor magnus

A

Adduct and flexes thigh

28
Q

Innervation of hamstring part of adductor magnus

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve ( L4)

29
Q

Function of hamstring part of adductor magnus

A

adducts and extends thigh

30
Q

Nerve that supplies anterior thigh (extension) muscles

A

Femoral nerve

31
Q

Nerve that supplies medial thigh (adduction) muscles

A

obturator nerve

32
Q

Nerve that supplies posterior thigh (flexion) muscles

A

sciatic nerve

33
Q

boundaries of femoral triangle

A

floor- pectinous and iliopasoas muscles

roof- fascia lata

34
Q

Contents of Femoral triangle

A
  • femoral nerve and branches
  • Femoral artery and branches
  • Femoral vein and tributaries
  • Femoral canal (empty space) with deep inguinal lymph nodes
35
Q

Two vertical septa divide femoral sheath into three compartments what are they

A
  • Lateral (femoral artery)
  • Intermediate (femoral vein
  • Medial or femoral canal
36
Q

Does the femoral sheath contain the femoral nerve

A

NO

37
Q

What is the femoral ring

A

Proximal opening of the femoral canal covered by parietal peritoneum

38
Q

Femoral Hernia

A

femoral ring: weak area in anterior abdominal wall where a loop of intestine can protrude into femoral canal

39
Q

Origin of femoral nerv

A

L2-L4

40
Q

Largest branch of lumbar plexus, forms in abdomen within the psoas major

A

Femoral nerve

41
Q

The femoral nerve enters the thigh

A

just lateral to midpoint of inguinal ligament

- Lateral to femoral vessels

42
Q

The femoral nerve supplies

A

anterior thigh muscles, hip and knee joints

  • Iliacus
  • Sartorius
  • Quadriceps Femoris
  • Pectineus
43
Q

terminal cutaneous branch of femoral artery is

A

saphenous nerve

44
Q

Meralgia Paresthetica

A

Compression of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve as it passes under inguinal ligament causes pain along lateral thigh

45
Q

What may affect femoral nerve and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

A

anterior hip dislocation

46
Q

Cutaneous nerve branch that accompanies femoral vessels

A

Saphenous Nerve

47
Q

The saphenous nerve becomes superficial between

A

Sartorius and Gracilis

48
Q

Saphenous nerve supplies skin of

A
  • anterior and medial knee and leg

- medial foot

49
Q

Opening in tendon of adductor magnus. Femoral vessels reach popliteal fossa via this arch way

A

Adductor Hiatus

50
Q

Adductor canal

A
  • intermuscular passage or fasical tunnel
  • begins at femoral triangle apex
  • ends at adductor hiatus
51
Q

_______ and ______ exit though the medial side of the Adductor (Subartorial or Hunter’s canal)

A

Saphenous nerve and saphenous branch of descending genicular artery

52
Q

Chief arterial supply to lower limb

A

Femoral artery

53
Q

Inferiorly in thigh, the femoral artery gives rise to

A

Descending genicular artery:

  • Articular branch
  • Saphenous branch
54
Q

Largest branch of the femoral artery

A

Profunda Femoris artery (deep femoral artery)

55
Q

Chief artery to thigh

A

Profunda Femoris Atery (deep femoral artery)

56
Q

in the femoral triangle Profunda Femoris artery (deep femoral artery) gives rise to

A

medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

57
Q

The Profunda Femoris artery (deep femoral artery) typically descends behind

A

adductor longus

58
Q

Entry of femoral artery into femoral triangle

A
  • deep to midpoint of inguinal ligament

- Lateral to femoral vein

59
Q

Course of femoral artery

A
  • Descends on iliopsoas, pectineus, and adductor longus muscles
  • Bisects apex deep to sartorius
60
Q

Main arterial supply to femoral head and neck

A

Medial circumflex femoral arteries

61
Q

The medial circumflex femoral artery passes between

A

Iliopsoas and pectineus to reach posterior thigh

62
Q

The lateral circumflex femoral artery passes

A

laterally, deep to sartorius and rectus femoris

63
Q

Lateral circumflex femoral artery supplies

A

lateral thigh muscles and femur head

64
Q

The great saphenous vein is clinically significant because

A

can be used to administer blood, electrolytes, drugs, etc.

also can be used for coronary bypass surgery

65
Q

For access to the venous system via the spahenous vein an incision can be made ______________. This may lead to what complications

A

anterior to medial malleolus (saphenous cutdown)

A patient may complain of pain along medial border of foot as a result due to the location of the saphenous nerve

Anatomy Exam III material (9 decks)

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