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Instruments > Gyroscopes | Types of Gyroscope > Flashcards

Gyroscopes | Types of Gyroscope Flashcards

1
Q

The conventional gyroscope uses the principle of stored ___ energy

A

mechanical

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2
Q

Gyros with 3 planes of freedom have _ gimbals, and total freedom to move around _ axis

A

2, 3

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3
Q

A space gyro is free to move in ___ directions with reference to space

A

all

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4
Q

A tied gyro has the spin axis tied down in ___ local plane

A

one

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5
Q

A tied gyro has _ degrees of freedom

A

2

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6
Q

A DGI is an example of a ___ gyro

A

tied

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7
Q

An Earth gyro is like a tied gyro, but with the spin axis tied Earth ___ by gravity

A

vertically

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8
Q

Space gyros, tied gyros, and Earth gyros have _ planes of freedom

A

3

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9
Q

Gyros with 2 plans of freedom show the ___ of movement, rather than position

A

rate

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10
Q

A rate gyro has ___ gimbal, free to move around _ axis

A

1 2

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11
Q

A rate gyro is designed to show ___ of movement about the axis at right angles to the two free axes

A

rate

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12
Q

A ___ gyro is used in the turn and slip/turn coordinator

A

rate

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13
Q

A rate integrating gyro is used in the ___

A

INS

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14
Q

A rate integrating gyro gimbal is restrained by ___ of ___, rather than the springs used by rate gyros

A

viscosity of fluid

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15
Q

Regarding a rate integrating gyro, as the aircraft turns about the sensitive axis, the precession is used to generate an error signal, the magnitude of which signifies the ___ at which the aircraft is turning about the axis

A

rate

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16
Q

A gyroscope can be classified using the number of axes, not including the ___ axis

A

spin

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17
Q

A gyro with 3 planes of rotation has _ degrees of freedom

A

2

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18
Q

A degree of freedom is the ability to move around an ___

A

axis

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19
Q

The spin axis cannot precess, but each gimbal allows it to do so in the ___ direction

A

other

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20
Q

An airborne instrument, with a gyro that has 2 degrees of freedom and a horizontal spin axis could be a ___

A

DGH

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21
Q

Spinning freedom is about an axis ___ through the centre

A

perpendicular

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22
Q

Tilting freedom is about a horizontal axis perpendicular to the ___ axis

A

spin

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23
Q

Veering freedom is about a vertical axis perpendicular to the ___ and ___ axis

A

spin, tilt

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24
Q

Attitude gyros use ___ ___ ___ for their operation, while rate gyros use ___

A

rigidity in space, precession

25
Q

In a 3-gimbal system, ___ gimbals can end up in line, effectively removing one from the equation.

A

two

26
Q

A fourth gimbal (as used with INS) can keep the 2nd and 3rd gimbals ____ to each other to prevent gimbal lock

A

perpendicular

27
Q

Air-driven gyroscopic instruments are made to spin through ___ or ___, the heading and attitude indicator, or electricity, turn instruments.

A

suction or pressure

28
Q

A rate gyro and rate integrating gyro have _ planes of freedom

A

2

29
Q

With suction, air is usually sucked out of the casing, to create a ___ that will be indicated on a gauge in the cockpit

A

vacuum

30
Q

With ___ suction, the filters are blocked or the equipment is worn and the gyros will run too slowly.

A

low

31
Q

If the suction gauge is reading too ___, the gyros will run too fast

A

high

32
Q

Vanes on the gyro mass catch the air movement and force it to go around at several ___ RMP

A

thousand

33
Q

The rest of the ___ system has a pump driven by the engine, a relief valve, an air filter, and tubing for connections

A

vacuum

34
Q

The relief valve is kept closed with a ___, which is pre-adjusuted so that the air pressure on the outside of the valve is balanced against the spring tension

A

spring

35
Q

If the adjusted value is ___, the outside air pressure overcomes the spring, opening the valve to allow outside air to flow into the system, until balance is restored.

A

exceed

36
Q

At high altitudes, suction drive gyros can lose ___ because they cannot produce so much vacuum

A

rigidity

37
Q

Suction gyros losing their rigidity at high altitudes can be resolved by using an ___ gyro

A

electrical

38
Q

The electrical gyro motor in large aircraft uses a power supply of ___v, ___ Hz 3-phase _C.

A

115 400 AC

39
Q

A smaller plane will use an inverter to produce __V

A

26

40
Q

_C is used in artificial horizons

A

AC

41
Q

_C is used in turn and bank indicators

A

DC

42
Q

Fast erection involves giving the motors a ___ error signal, which can be done in unaccelerated flight

A

higher

43
Q

Ring laser gyros are used in ___

A

IRS

44
Q

The laser ring gyro is made of ___ that does not expand, as any expansion would produce the equivalent of ___ wander in a mechanical gyro

A

ceramic real

45
Q

Noise from imperfections in the mirrors is the same as ___ wander

A

random

46
Q

Two ___ and a ___ ___ are used to create the beams

A

anodes, common cathode

47
Q

The servo mirror can (not) move

A

it can

48
Q

The beams are in phase when there is ___

A

no acceleration

49
Q

The optical path must be kept a length that is a multiple of the lasing ___

A

wavelength

50
Q

The light beam travelling in the direction of rotation will travel a slightly ____ path while the opposite will travel a slightly ___ path

A

longer shorter

51
Q

The rotation causing the beams to travel different distances will cause a change of the interference pattern, with the distance depending on the ___ of rotation

A

rate

52
Q

Ring laser gyros are ___ accurate, and have a ___ life cycle than conventional ones.

A

more longer

53
Q

Laser ring gyro has ___ moving parts

A

no

54
Q

Laser gyros are ___ to align

A

quick

55
Q

Laser gyros do (not) suffer from precession

A

not

56
Q

At low input rates, the frequency differences become very near to ___ due to back scatter from one beam to another. This is called ____

A

zero, dithering

57
Q

The unit is rotated clockwise and anti-clockwise about the axis at a rate ___ to the mechanical resonance of the system

A

similar

58
Q

Dithering is done at around ___ Hz, with a peak dither velocity of 1 arc-second per second

A

400

Instruments (100 decks)

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