Gynaecology - Incontinence Flashcards

1
Q

Stress Incontinence

What is it?

A
  • Urine is lost by any movement that increases intra-abdominal pressure
  • Aggravating factors include pregnancy, obesity , COPD
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2
Q

Stress Incontinence?

Investigations?

A
  • Urinalysis
  • Post void residual volume
  • Urodynamic testing
  • Endoscopic tests
  • Radiology: x-ray, USS
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3
Q

Stress Incontinence?

Treatment?

A
  • Patient Education: weight loss, smoking cessation etc
  • 1st line - kegel pelvic floor exercises
  • Medical - Oestrogen may be given to post menopausal women
  • Surgery: urethropexy, bladder neck suspension surgery (Burch & sling procedure)
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4
Q

Urge Incontinence?

What is it?

A
  • Too much contraction
  • Urine lost by over contraction of the detrusor muscle
  • Maybe be due to neoplasms, nerve damage: ie MS, stroke, Parkinson’s
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5
Q

Urge Incontinence?

Investigations?

A
  • Urinalysis
  • Post void residual volume
  • Urodynamic testing
  • Endoscopy testing
  • Radiology: x-ray, USS
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6
Q

Urge Incontinence?

Treatment?

A
  • Coservative: Patient education
  • Anticholinergic meds (oxybutynin)
  • Treat underlying conditions
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7
Q

Overflow Incontinence?

What is it?

A

Too little contraction

Happens due to a marked increase in bladder residual volume

Bladder usually fuul, hence leaks

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8
Q

Overflow Incontinence?

Investigations?

A

Urinalysis

Post void residual volume

Urodynamic testing

Radiology: x-rayy, USS

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9
Q

Overflow Incontinence?

Treatment?

A

Conservative: Patient education etc

Intermittent catheterisation

Bethanechol (cholinergic) may improve detrusor muscle

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