Gut-associated Glands Flashcards
List the gut-associated glands
Salivary glands
Liver → gall bladder
Pancrease
Spleen → abdominal organ
What are the 3 pairs of salivary glands?
Parotid glands
Submandibular glands
Sublingual glands
What is the site of parotid?
In front of the ear, below the zygomatic arch, over the angle of the mandible
What is the site of sublingual?
Lies under the tongue
What is the site of the submandibular?
Lies under the mandible
What is the duct of parotid?
Pierces the buccinator muscle to open into the oral cavity, opposite the 2nd upper molar tooth
What is the duct of sublingual?
Opens under the tongue, on the sides
What is the duct of the submandibular?
Opens under the tongue, in the middle (on the frenulum)
What is the largest gland in the body?
The liver
What is the function of liver?
It is concerned with production and secretion of bile, that is stored in the gallbladder, and metabolizing the nutrients delivered through the portal circulation. it also has a role in filtration of the blood from bacteria or foreign bodies
What is the site of the liver?
Lies deep to the right side of the rib cage, under the diaphragm, extending to the left side of the abdominal cavity
What is the liver formed of?
2 lobes → right lobe (the largest) and left lobe (that extends to the left side of the abdominal cavity)
What are the relations of the liver?
The left lobe lies anterior to the stomach
On its inferior surface lies the gallbladder
What is the blood supply of the liver?
Arterial → hepatic artery, branch of the celiac trunk
Venous → portal vein, carries the venous blood of the intestine
→Hepatic veins that pour in the inferior vena cava
What is gallbladder?
Pear-shaped sac, lying on the inferior surface of the liver
What are the parts of the gallbladder?
Fundus
Body
Neck, ends in the cystic duct
What is the function of the gallbladder?
Stores and concentrates bile
When the food passes to the small intestine from the stomach, the gallbladder ejects bile into the duodenum
What is the blood supply of gallbladder?
Cystic artery, a branch hepatic artery
What is the bile pathway?
Produced by liver
It travels down the right and left hepatic ducts
They join together forming the common hepatic duct
This duct is joined by the cystic duct of the gallbladder
Their union forms the common bile duct
This duct is joined by the pancreatic duct at the head of pancreas and they open in the duodenum
What is pancreas?
Its a mixed exocrine and endocrine gland
What is the exocrine pancreas?
Secrets the pancreatic juice that aids in digestion process.
It reaches the duodenum by the pancreatic duct
What is the endocrine pancreas?
Secrets hormones, primarily insulin and glucagon, directly into the blood stream
What is the relation of the pancreas?
Lies posterior and inferior to the stomach
What are the parts of the pancreas?
Head → lying in the concavity of the duodenum
Body → passing transversely to the left
Tail → being in touch with the hilum of the spleen
What is the blood supply of the pancreas?
Splenic artery
What is spleen?
Lymphoid organ ( concerned with body immunity)
Has impressions on its surface, indicating the organs it’s in contact with
Lies below the diaphragm, posterior and lateral to the stomach
What are the relations of the spleen?
Anteriorly → stomach (gastric impression)
Inferiorly → left colic flexure (colic impression)
Medially → left kidney (renal impression)
Tail of the pancreas in the Hilum of the spleen
