Basic Tissues Flashcards
What are the 4 basic tissues in the body?
Muscle tissue, nerve tissue, epithelial tissue, connective tissue
What is the epithelium for?
Form coverings, lining of surfaces
What is simple epithelium?
The cells arranged in a single layer
What is stratified epithelium?
Cells arranged in two or more layers
When is the epithelium called squamous?
If the cells have a flattened shape
When is the cell called cuboidal?
When the cell has the same height, width, and depth
When is the cell called columnar?
When the height of the cells exceeds their width
What is a simple squamous epithelium?
Consists of a single layer of flattened cells
What is simple columnar epithelium?
Consists of a single layer of cells that are taller then they are wide
What is stratified squamous epithelium?
Consists of several layers of cell, with the outermost layer consisting of flattened cells
What is stratified cuboidal epithelium?
Consists of at least two layers of cells
What is stratified columnar epithelium?
Consists of at least two layers of cells, with the cells in the outer layer being taller than they are wide
What is pseudostratified epithelium?
A simple epithelium, which has the appearance of being stratified because it has some low cells which do not reach the free surface, and some tall cells
What is transitional epithelium?
Several layers of cells that flatten out when being stretched
What is connective tissue?
Holds cells together and supports the body
What is the matrix?
Secreted by the connective tissue cells and determines the characteristics of the connective tissue
What does determine the function of the connective tissue?
The consistency of the matrix
What can the matrix be?
Liquid, gel-like, solid
What loose connective tissue?
Thin, soft contains many collagen and elastic fibers in a jell-like matrix
The cells are not close together
Functions in binding the skin to underlying structures
What are the two categories of dense connective tissue?
Dense irregular and dense regular connective tissue
What is dense irregular connective tissue?
Contains collagen and elastic fibers which are found running in all different directions and planes
What are dense regular connective tissue?
Contains extracellular fibers that all run in the same direction and plane
What are elastic connective tissue?
Made up of freely branching elastic fibers with fibroblasts in the space between the fibers
What is blood?
Plasma which includes white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets
Why is blood considered a fluid connective tissue?
Because the matrix of blood is not solid
What is cartilage?
Connective tissue that is relatively solid and is a non-vascularized tissue (does not have blood supply)
What are the three types of cartilage?
Hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage and fibrocartilage
What is the hyaline cartilage?
The most common type of cartilage contains many collagen fibers and is found in the nose, between the ribs
What is elastic cartilage?
Has many elastic fibers in the matrix and support the shape of ears
What is fibrocartillage?
Tough and contains many collagen fibers and is responsible for cushioning the knee joint and for forming discs between vertebrae