Growth and Pubertal Disorders - Micro and macrocephaly, Short and tall stature, Early and delayed puberty

Question 1

Phases of normal human growth

Factors influencing each phase of growth

Answer 1

Question 2

Height velocity over age

Answer 2

Question 3

Measurement of growth

Answer 3

Question 4

Normal head growth rate

Answer 4

Question 5

Macrocephaly

Causes

Answer 5

Question 6

Microcephaly

Causes

Answer 6

Question 7

Types of abnormal head shapes

Answer 7

Question 8

Causes of abnormal head shape

Answer 8

Question 9

Craniosynostosis

Definition
Classification
Tx

Answer 9

Question 10

Factors affecting final adult height

Answer 10

Question 11

Typical height at diff ages

Answer 11

Question 12

Normal variants of short stature

Answer 12

Question 13

Features of pathological short stature

Answer 13

Question 14

Pathological causes of short stature

Answer 14

Question 15

Ddx dysmorphic short stature

Answer 15

Question 16

Ddx dysproportionate short stature

Answer 16

Question 17

Ddx short and thin

Answer 17

Question 18

Ddx short and fat

Answer 18

Question 19

Approach to short stature

Answer 19

Question 20

Short stature

P/E

Answer 20

Question 21

Short stature

Investigations

Answer 21

Question 22

Short stature

Treatment

Answer 22

Question 23

Tall stature

Causes

Answer 23

Question 24

Tall stature

Ix
Tx

Answer 24

Question 25

Physiology of hormonal mechanism of puberty

Answer 25

Question 26

Normal physiological functions of GnRH

Answer 26

Question 27

Regulators of pubertal development

Answer 27

Question 28

Sequence of pubertal development in female

Answer 28

Question 28

Sequences of pubertal development in male

Answer 28

Question 29

Breast development in male during puberty

Cause

Answer 29

Question 30

Tanner stage

Pubic hair stages

Answer 30

PH1 – pre-pubertal
PH2 – sparse growth of long, slightly pigmented hair, straight or curled at base of penis or along labia
PH3 – darker, coarser and more curled hair spreading sparsely over junction of pubes
PH4 – adult in type but covering smaller area, without spread to medial surface of thigh
PH5 – adult in type and quantity with horizontal upper border

Question 31

Tanner staging

Breast stages

Answer 31

B1 – pre-pubertal
B2 – breast bud stage with elevation of breast and papilla, enlargement of areola
B3 – further enlargement of breast and areola, no separation of their contour
B4 – areolar and papilla form a secondary mound above level of breast
B5 – mature stage with projection of papilla only related to recession of areola

Question 32

Tanner staging

Genitalia stages

Answer 32

Question 33

Precocious puberty

Definition
Types and features

Answer 33

Question 34

Isolated thelarche

Definition
Features
Ix

Answer 34

Question 35

Isolated adrenarche

Causes
Features
Ix

Answer 35

Question 36

Isolated menarche

Causes
Clinical features
Ix

Answer 36

Question 37

Primary hypothyroidism

Features

Answer 37

Question 38

Central precucious puberty

Causes

Answer 38

Question 39

Peripheral precocious puberty

Causes

Answer 39

Question 40

McCune Albright syndrome

Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnosis

Answer 40

Question 41

Familial testotoxicosis

Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Treatment

Answer 41

Question 42

Approach to precocious puberty

Answer 42

Question 43

Precocious puberty

Investigations

Answer 43

Question 44

Compare CPP, PPP, Normal variant of early puberty

Answer 44

Question 45

Approach to male precocious puberty by testicular size

Answer 45

Question 46

Approach to female precocious puberty by breast and pubic hair

Answer 46

Question 47

Central precocious puberty treatment

Answer 47

Question 48

Peripheral precocious puberty

Treatment

Answer 48

Question 49

Delayed puberty
Definition
Causes

Answer 49

Question 50

Delayed puberty

Management

Answer 50