Chronic respiratory diseases - Bronchiectasis, Asthma, COPD, ILD (+ Cystic Fibrosis)

Question 1

Bronchiectasis

Pathogenesis

Answer 1

Question 2

Bronchiectasis

Infective causes

Answer 2

Question 3

Bronchiectasis

Airway obstructive causes

Answer 3

Question 4

Bronchiectasis

Impaired drainage, poor immunity, misc. causes

Answer 4

Question 5

Bronchiectasis

D/dx

Answer 5

Question 6

Bronchiectasis

Clinical presentation

Answer 6

Question 7

Bronchiectasis

Biochemical Ix

Answer 7

Question 8

Bronchiectasis

Radiological Ix

Answer 8

Question 9

Bronchiectasis

Specific tests

Answer 9

+ Sweat chloride level (OR) Mutation analysis of CFTR gene
+ Immunoglobulin measurement
+ Serum α1-antitrypsin levels

Question 10

Bronchiectasis

Baseline treatment

Answer 10

+ Chest physiotherapy

Definitive end-stage: Lung transplant

Question 11

Asthma

Definition

Answer 11

Question 12

Asthma

Assessment of severity of exacerbation

Answer 12

Question 13

Asthma

Asthma-associated syndromes

Answer 13

Question 14

Asthma

Classification
Common triggers

Answer 14

Question 15

Asthma

Epidemiology

Answer 15

Question 16

Asthma

Risk factors

Answer 16

Question 17

Asthma

Triggers

Answer 17

Question 18

D/dx obstructive lung diseases and restrictive lung diseases

Answer 18

Question 19

Asthma

D/dx

Answer 19

Question 20

Asthma

Lung function changes

Answer 20

Question 21

Asthma

Pathophysiology

Answer 21

Question 22

Asthma

Clinical presentation

Answer 22

Question 23

Asthma

History taking questions

Answer 23

Question 24

Asthma

Symptom control assessment

Answer 24

Asthmatic control (Goal of treatment = COMPLETE control)

• ≤ 2 Daytime asthma symptoms per week
• ≤ 2 Use of reliever medication per week
• NO night awakening due to asthma
• NO activity limitation due to asthma (sick leave required)
• Normal PEF or FEV1.0 value

Question 25

Asthma severity assessment

Indicators of life-threatening asthma attack

Answer 25

Recognition of life-threatening features
* Hypotension/ Confusion/ Coma/ Exhaustion/ SaO2 < 92%/ PEF < 33 – 50% best or predicted
* Cyanosis/ Poor respiratory effort/ Silent chest

Question 26

Asthma

Signs of respiratory distress

Answer 26

Question 27

Asthma

Challenge tests for atopy

Answer 27

Question 28

Asthma

Biochemical and radiological Ix

Answer 28

Question 29

Asthma
Treatment principle

Answer 29

Question 30

Asthma

Steps of treatment

Answer 30

Question 31

LABA useage precautions

Answer 31

Question 32

B2- agonist

MoA
S/E
Examples

Answer 32

Question 33

Anticholinergics for asthma

MoA
S/E

Answer 33

Question 34

Methylxanthines

MoA
S/E
Examples

Answer 34

Question 35

LTRAs

MoA
S/E
Examples

Answer 35

Question 36

ICS

Examples
MoA
S/E

Answer 36

Question 37

Mast cell stabilizers

MoA
S/E
Examples

Answer 37

Question 38

Anti-IgE Ab
Anti-IL5 Ab

MoA
S/E
Example

Answer 38

Question 39

Asthma

Types of inhalers

Answer 39

Question 40

Asthma

Types of MDI

Answer 40

Question 41

Asthma

Types of delivery methods

Answer 41

Question 42

Asthma

Management of asthmatic attack

Answer 42

Life-threatening feature of acute asthma:
Silent chest
Hypotension
One-third of best/predicted PEF
Cyanosis
Confusion

Question 43

Asthma

Reassessment of acute exacerbation
Prevention and discharge advice

Answer 43

Question 44

Asthma

complications

Answer 44

Question 45

COPD

Definition

Answer 45

Question 46

COPD

Acute exacerbation causes
Features

Answer 46

Question 47

COPD

Risk factors

Answer 47

Question 48

COPD

Pathophysiology

Answer 48

Question 49

COPD

Clinical presentation

Answer 49

Question 50

COPD

D/dx

Answer 50

Question 51

COPD

Diagnosis

Answer 51

Question 52

COPD

P/E

Answer 52

Question 53

COPD

Biochemical Ix

Answer 53

Question 54

COPD

Radiological Ix

Answer 54

Question 55

COPD

Lung function test changes

Answer 55

Question 56

COPD

Severity assessment

Answer 56

Question 57

COPD

Lung volume changes
DLCO changes
PEF changes

Answer 57

Question 58

COPD

Chronic stable management

Answer 58

Question 59

COPD

Management of exacerbation

Answer 59

Question 60

COPD

Complications

Answer 60

Question 61

ILD

Upper lobe vs lower lobe ILD causes

Answer 61

Question 62

ILD

Causes

Answer 62

Question 63

Sarcoidosis

S/S
Diagnosis
Treatment

Answer 63

Question 64

ILD

Collagen vascular disease causes

Answer 64

Question 65

ILD

Organic and inorganic dust causes
Drug causes

Answer 65

Question 66

ILD

Idiopathic categories

Answer 66

Question 67

ILD

Ddx

Answer 67

Question 68

ILD

Pathophysiology

Answer 68

Question 69

ILD

Clinical presentation

Answer 69

Question 70

ILD

History taking questions

Answer 70

Question 71

ILD

P/E

Answer 71

Question 72

ILD

Biochemical Ix

Answer 72

Question 73

ILD

radiological Ix

Answer 73

Question 74

ILD

Treatment

Answer 74

Question 75

IPF

Causes of UIP
Histological and radiological features of UIP

Answer 75

Question 76

IPF

Causes of NSIP
Histological and radiological features of NSIP

Answer 76

Question 77

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Clinical features
Ix
Mx

Answer 77

Question 78

Pneumoconiosis

Examples
Pathogenesis

Answer 78

Question 79

Silicosis

Clinical presentation
Disease progression

Answer 79

Question 80

Silicosis

Ix
Mx
Prognosis

Answer 80

Question 81

Asbestosis

Radiological features

Answer 81

Question 82

Asbestosis

Dx
Mx
Prognosis

Answer 82

Question 83

Malignant mesothelioma

Risk factor
Presentation
Diagnosis
Mx

Answer 83

Question 84

Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis (EAA) or Hypersensitive
Pneumonitis

Causes
Presentation
Ix
Dx
Mx

Answer 84

Question 85

Respiratory manifestations of rheumatic diseases

Answer 85

Question 86

Cystic fibrosis

Pathophysiology
Classes

Answer 86

Question 87

Cystic fibrosis

Clinical presentation

Answer 87

Question 88

Cystic fibrosis

Complications

Answer 88

Question 89

Cystic fibrosis

Ix

Answer 89

Question 90

Cystic fibrosis

Management

Answer 90

Question 91

Primary ciliary dyskinesia

Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnosis
Mx

Answer 91