Growth and Development - Info from : Mosby's Canadian Textbook for the Support Worker - E-Book – Sheila A. Sorrentino, Leighann Remmert, Mary J. Wilk, Rosemary Newmaster” Flashcards
A time of rapid growth and psychological and social maturity that occurs with puberty.
adolescence
The maturation toward adulthood; usually characterized by physical changes and increased ability and functionality.
development
An activity that must be mastered during a stage of development.
developmental task
The first year of life; characterized by rapid physical, psychological, and social growth and development.
infancy
Increase in physical size and weight. It occurs in a slow and steady manner but has marked times of acceleration that occur during infancy and during puberty.
growth
Begins approximately at the age of 65 years. This stage is characterized by adjusting to decreased physical strength and loss of health, retirement, and reduced income; coping with the death of a partner; developing new friends and relationships; and preparing for one’s own death.
late adulthood
Occurs between leaving childhood and dependency on others and entering adolescence. The approximate age range is 9 to 12 years. The stage is characterized by becoming independent of adults and learning to depend on oneself; developing and keeping friendships with peers; understanding the physical, psychological, and social roles of one’s gender; developing moral and ethical behaviour; developing greater muscular strength, coordination, and balance; and learning how to study.
late childhood
The time when menstruation first begins.
menarche
The time when menstruation stops.
menopause
Occurs approximately between 40 and 65 years of age. This stage is characterized by seeing children growing up and moving away from home, adjusting to physical changes, developing leisure activities, and relating to aging parents.
middle adulthood
Ages 6 to 8 years. This stage is characterized by developing the social and physical skills needed for playing games; learning to get along with peers; learning behaviours and attitudes appropriate to one’s own gender; learning basic reading, writing, and arithmetic skills; developing a conscience and morals; and developing a good feeling and attitude about oneself.
middle childhood
Ages 3 to 5 years. This stage is characterized by gaining an increasing ability to communicate and understand others, becoming able to perform self-care activities, learning the differences between the genders, learning to distinguish right from wrong and good from bad, learning to play with others, and developing family relationships.
preschool
The period when the reproductive organs begin to function and secondary sex characteristics appear.
puberty
An involuntary movement in response to a stimulus.
reflex
Ages 1 to 3 years. This stage is characterized by tolerating separation from the primary caregiver, gaining control of bowel and bladder functions, using words to communicate, and starting to assert independence.
toddlerhood
Ages approximately 18 to 40 years. This stage is characterized by choosing an education and an occupation, selecting and learning to live with a partner, becoming a parent and raising children, and developing a satisfactory sex life.
young adulthood
The developmental tasks of __________ are:
• Learning to walk
• Learning to eat solid foods
• Beginning to talk and communicate with others
• Beginning to have emotional relationships with primary caregivers, brothers, and sisters
• Developing stable sleep and feeding patterns
infancy
The __________ ( startle reflex ) occurs when an infant is frightened by a loud noise or a sudden movement. The arms are thrown apart, the legs extend, and the head is thrown back.
Moro reflex
The ________________ is stimulated when the infant’s cheek is touched at or near the mouth. The infant’s head turns toward the touch.
rooting reflex
At what year of age can children start to walk and hold a cup for drinking?
1 year
Solid foods (strained fruits and vegetables) are usually added to a child's diet at 5 to 7 months. T or F
True
The developmental tasks during ___________ are:
• Tolerating separation from the primary caregiver
• Gaining control of bowel and bladder functions - toilet training
• Using words to communicate with others • Becoming less dependent on the primary caregiver.
toddlerhood
The developmental tasks of the ___________ include: • Being better able to communicate and understand others
• Performing self-care activities
• Learning the differences between the genders
• Learning to distinguish right from wrong and good from bad
• Learning to play with others
• Developing family relationships
preschool years
The developmental tasks of ________________ are:
• Developing the social and physical skills needed for playing games
• Learning to get along with other children of the same age and background (peers)
• Learning behaviours and attitudes appropriate to one’s own gender
• Learning basic reading, writing, and arithmetic skills • Developing a conscience and morals
• Developing a good feeling and attitude about self
middle childhood
6 to 8 years
At this stage children are expected to show more refinement and maturity in achieving the following tasks:
• Becoming independent of adults and learning to depend on oneself
• Developing and keeping friendships with peers
• Understanding the physical, psychological, and social roles of one’s gender
• Developing moral and ethical behaviour
• Developing greater muscular strength, coordination, and balance • Learning how to study
Late childhood (9 to 12 years)
Because the age of puberty varies, adolescence ranges from the ages of 12 to 18 years.
T or F
True
The developmental tasks of ____________ include:
• Accepting changes in the body and appearance
• Developing appropriate relationships with males and females of the same age
• Accepting the male or female role appropriate for one’s age
• Becoming independent from parents and adults
• Developing morals, attitudes, and values needed for functioning in society
adolescence
Developmental tasks of ____________ include:
• Choosing further education and a career
• Selecting a partner
• Learning to live with a partner
• Becoming a parent and raising children
• Developing a satisfactory sex life
young adulthood
18-40
The developmental tasks of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ include: • Adjusting to physical changes • Having grown-up children • Developing leisure activities • Relating to aging parents
Middle adulthood (40 to 65 years)
The developmental tasks of this stage are: • Adjusting to decreased physical strength and loss of health
• Adjusting to retirement and reduced income
• Coping with the death of one’s partner
• Developing new friends and relationships
• Preparing for one’s own death
Late adulthood (65 years and older)
Changes in psychological and social functioning are called: A Growth B Development C A reflex D A stage
B Development
Which of the following is a developmental task of young adulthood?
A Adjusting to changes in the body and in physical appearance
B Becoming independent C Choosing an occupation
D Relating to aging parents
C Choosing an occupation
Dating usually begins: A During late childhood B With “crowd” dating C With “pairing off” D During late adolescence
B With “crowd” dating
Playing with other children begins during: A Infancy B The toddler years C The preschool years D Middle childhood
C The preschool years
Peer group activities become more important at the age of: A 4 to 6 years B 7 to 9 years C 10 to 12 years D 13 to 15 years
C 10 to 12 years
