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Child Health 2020 > Growth > Flashcards

Growth Flashcards

1
Q

what is the Z score on a growth chart?

A

number of SD away from the mean an individual is

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2
Q

what percent are within 1SD?

A

68%

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3
Q

what percent are within 2SD

A

95%

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4
Q

how far apart are centile lines?

A

2/3rd of a SD apart

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5
Q

why are bottle-fed babies bigger than breastfed babies?

A

lack of signalling to tell the baby to stop suckling that comes from hindmilk

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6
Q

what three things do growth charts look at?

A

growth
BMI
puberty

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7
Q

when is further assessment required into growth?

A

<0.4th centile
height more than 3 centiles below mid-parental centile
drop in height centile of >2

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8
Q

what is the relation of the child’s height to the mid-parental centile?

A

most are within 2 centile spaces of mid-parental centile

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9
Q

what does a BMI >91st centile indicate?

A

overweight

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10
Q

what does a BMI >98th centile indicate?

A

obese

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11
Q

genetic cause of being overweight?

A

Prader-Willi syndrome

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12
Q

presentation at birth of babies with Prader-Willi syndrome

A

floppy

ability to suck is absent

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13
Q

childhood developments in Prader-Willi syndrome

A

hyperphagia

reduced BMR due to low muscle tone

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14
Q

what is Prader-Willi syndrome associated with?

A

learning difficulties
hypogonadism
short stature

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15
Q

Tanner 1 / pre-puberty in boys

A

high voices

no signs of development

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16
Q

tanner 2-3 / in puberty in boys

A

slight deepening of voice
hair growth
enlargement of penis/testes

17
Q

Tanner 4-5 / completing puberty

A

voice broken
hair growth
adult sized penis

18
Q

when is puberty precocious in boys?

A

before 9

19
Q

why is there increased risk of precocious puberty if obese?

A

leptin increases GnRH

20
Q

what age is puberty considered delayed?

A

if no signs of puberty by 14

21
Q

what age have boys completed puberty?

A

17

22
Q

Tanner 1 /pre-puberty in girls

A

no signs of development

23
Q

Tanner 2-3/ in puberty in girls

A

breast enlargement

pubic or armpit hair

24
Q

Tanner 4-5 / completing puberty

A

periods with signs of development

25
Q

when is puberty considered precocious in girls?

A

before 8

26
Q

when is puberty considered delayed in girls

A

if no signs of pubertal development by 13

27
Q

what age have most girls completed puberty?

A

16

Child Health 2020 (22 decks)

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