Attachment Flashcards
what is attachment theory?
theory that the child’s early relationship with primary caregiver predicts future personality development
how is attachment assessed?
stranger situation study
who is a stranger situation study carried out on?
infant aged 12-18 months
three attachment types
- secure
- ambivalent
- avoidant
secure attachment signs
- separation anxiety when mother leaves
- avoidant of stranger when alone, but friendly when mother present
- reunion is happy
- uses mother as safe base
ambivalent attachment signs
- distressed when mother leaves
- fear of stranger
- resists reunion
- cries more and explores less
avoidant attachment signs
- no distress when mother leaves
- comfortable with stranger
- little interest when mother returns
- equally comforted by mother and stranger
personality of insecure ambivalent
low self value finds others unreliable attention seeking antisocial difficulty controlling emotions
personality of insecure avoidant
sees self as unloved
finds others controlling
avoids relationships
lacks empathy
define secure base
attachment figure provides a safe space to explore the world from
define secure haven
attachment figure is a safe place to retreat at time of danger
define attunement
ability of caregiver and infant to tune into each others emotional states
what is reactive attachment disorder (RAD)?
infant does not form a relationship with primary care giving resulting in developmentally inappropriate behaviour before aged 5 associated with pathological care
presentation of RAD
malnutrition
growth delay
NAI
sub-types of RAD
- inhibited
2. disinhibited
describe inhibited RAD
fail to initiate or respond to social interactions
does not seek comfort from carer
describe disinhibited RAD
unable to display appropriate selective attachment
familiarity with strangers
DD for RAD
CD (form better relationships)
depression
ASD
ADHD
management of RAD
family therapy
play therapy
special educational intervention
red flags that would raised concern for wellbeing of child
persistent/unexplained colic poor eye contact no reciprocal smile delayed development difficulty being comforted appear stiff
what is conduct disorder (CD)?
persistent pattern of behaviour where basic rights of others are violated
diagnosis requires 3 or more of what to be present in the past 12 months?
aggression to people or animals
destruction of property
deceitfulness or theft
serious violation of rules
what is severe CD divided into?
unsocialised
socialised
management of CD
therapy
risperidone and SSRIs
risk factors for CD
unable to meet the needs to the child mental health drugs/alcohol domestic violence single parent lack of rules
ADHD presentation
triad of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity
management of ADHD
methylphenidate
atomoxetine
presentation of autism
difficulties with social communication, language and repetitive behaviour
what is Asperger’s syndrome?
form of autism that has no problems with social communication
