Groups And Teamwork Flashcards
Deaux et al suggested groups differ in many ways how does he suggest they differ
Can be large or small short lived or enduring highly structured or informal autocratic or democratic
Groups and aggregates
Individualists ; people in groups behave in the same way they would alimengroup processes are just interpersonal processes between number of people (Allport,1924)
Collectivist ; group behaviour is influenced by unique social processing and cognitive representation that can only occur in a group (Abram’s and Hogg)
What is social loafing
Social loafing is the phenomenon of a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group then when they work alone (Latane et al; 1979)
What is the ringelmann effect
The tendency for individual members of a group to become increasingly less productive as the size of their group increases
Motivation vs coordination loss
In Guam,Levi her, graves and Peckham - 2 groups
Realms group: varying sizes pulled on rope
Pseudo group : with only 1 true participant conferderatds told to pretend d to pull on rope and make grunting noises truebparticipant was in front so couldn’t see
Having group members work together on a task results in significantly less effort then when individual members act Aline
Why social loafing ( Green 1991)
Output equality- belief that others in the group will load and want to maintain equality
Evalutationapprehension - group provides apprehension on performance when performing along becomes apprehensive about performance and overcome unmotivated state
Matching to standard - no clear performance markers clear standard expectations of task should reduce loafing
Group cohesiveness Hogg
Groups don’t always lead to decrease in productivity and task performance situations where people do work harder in situation and in groups - eg collectivist cultures task importance and significance in groups
Increased group cohesiveness leads to conformity to group standard accentuated similarities enhanced liking and improved communication
Teamwork competencies knowledge and skills
Interpersonal knowledge - competency when relating to others
Competency when relating to and responding to emotions so that the ideas can be shown
Maximising the contributions of other team member for solving problems
Conflict resolution
Collaborative problem solving skills
Communication skills
- self management
Goal setting
Distribution of task Amon team members ability to set realistic and relevant goals for hemselves members for the team collectively
Ability to allocate work within the team to maximise individual skills
Group idea generation innovation
Van kippenberg innovation is more than simply thinking of an idea
Diversity of perspectives provides more informational resources in versed u shape relationship between team conflict and innovation
Thise with higher trait openness to experience have more team creativity
More diversity teams background is positively impacts team creativity
Dissent can be positive for promoting more team creativity so long as participant feel they are free to speak their mind
Feedback
Information to improve or maintain performance
Types of feedback
Behavioural specific praise
Instructive feedback
Corrective feedback
Specific
Measurable
Achievable realistic
Time bound
Hattie and timperleys levels of feedback
Task
Process
Self regulation
Praise should be directly to establishing questions about goal action medication
Tips for effective feedback
Identify the working styles of others and what people can own
Chemistry meeting to start off with what to get to know ea h other
Set clear agend for each meeting
Spend time making sure everyone understands
Meet regularly
Make sure language is agreed
Allocate time for every person to speak
Spend time at end of meeting summit establish a clear actions
