Developmental Psycho,ofy -2

Question 1

Jean piagets theory of development and learning

Answer 1

Children engage in environment which promotes their development
Schemata- cognitive structures that represent the world around the child
Assimilation : try not fit new information from the world into an exsisting schema
Accommodation: Old schemata are modified by new experiences

Question 2

Jean piagets stages of development 1st stage
Sensorimotor

Answer 2

1-2years
Key characteristics - symbolic thought develops and object permanency

Question 3

Jean piagets 2nd stage of development - pre-operational

Answer 3

2-7 years
Key characteristics - egocentrism, anise, centration cannot yet master conserve problems

Question 4

Jean piagets - 3rd stage
Concrete operational

Answer 4

7-12 years
Key characteristic
Able to conserve and think logically

Question 5

Formal operational

Answer 5

12 years +
Key characteristics - able to carry out abstract and theoretical reasoning

Question 6

What is symbolic thought

Answer 6

The representation of reality through the use of abstract concepts such as words gestures and numbers

Question 7

What is object permenency

Answer 7

Ability to understand that the object still exists if it is not visible

Question 8

What is animism

Answer 8

The attribution of life like qualities to inanimate objects

Question 9

What is centration

Answer 9

Only able to concentrate on one aspect of a problem at a time

Question 10

What is conservation

Answer 10

Object retains core properties such as mass, number volume even if superficial charateristics are changed

Question 11

Vygotskys sociocultural theory of development

Answer 11

Environment needs to be stimulating to optimise children’s learning
Language is the basis for cognitive development social Intercation is crucial for development
Children engage in private speech they then perform btternthanthere less talkative peers
As get older use internal speech

Question 12

Vygotskys proximal zone of development

Answer 12

Children need assistance of more experienced peers like teachers or parents to optimise learning
Zone of proximal learning - range of tasks that child is unable to achieve alone but can with support if adult difference between child current abilities and potential abilities

Question 13

Scaffolding

Answer 13

Structured support from more experienced adult or older child needs to be sensitive to child’s zone of proximal development