Group dynamics Flashcards
what are the characteristics of a group?
2 or more people interacting
all individuals share a goal
all share a collective identity
structured form of communication
what is the definition of a group?
groups are those social aggregates that involve mutual awareness and potential for interaction
how do group evolve according to tuckman?
forming- development of group and relationships, individuals get to know each other
storming- involves some conflict as the individual attempt to establish their position, roles and status
norming- once rules, roles and structure are established , groups become cohesive
performing- the final stage involves group working together towards a goal and acceptance
what is the definition of cohesion?
the total field of forces of which act on members to remain in a group (the total force of a group)
what are the tow categories of cohesion?
task cohesion- degree to which members work together to achieve a common goal
social cohesion- degree to which members in a team like each other
argues task cohesion is more important
what are the factors that contribute to the cohesiveness of a group ?
environmental/ situational factors member characteristics leadership style team elements nature of sport stability of group external threats
what are the strategies to improve group cohesion?
social activities e.g. bowling, cinema peer support team building practice drills avoid clinque communication (create opp for discussion) creating a group identity giving individuals more responsibility setting specific targets
what is group productivity?
the effectiveness of a group completing a task
what is the equation of productivity?
actual productivity= potential productivity - losses due to faulty processes
what is the actual productivity?
performance of a group at any one time (what they achieve)
what is the potential productivity?
best possible performance of the group considering:
resources available
ability/ skill level of individual
talk difficulty
what are process faults ?
coordination problems- poor team work/ communication / execution of strategies
motivational problems- under/ over arousal / self confidence / poor focus
what is now as the rigelmann effect?
performance of an individual may decrease as group size increases
what is known as social loafing?
performer attempts to hide when placed in group situation
coasts through a game, not performing to potential
may feel undervalued and rely on others
what are some strategies to reduce social loafing?
varying practice to increase motivation
giving players specific responsibilities
giving feedback, evaluating performance , praising and highlighting an individual contribution
setting challenges
social cohesion peer support
introducing situations to avoid social loafing
video analysis- highlighting the individuals role within the team
develop higher levels of fitness to avoid hiding to take a break
