group 1 and 2

Question 1

why is group II more polarising than group I

Answer 1

they have a smaller radius and higher charge

Question 2

why does group I form more stable carbonates

Answer 2

larger ionic radius and smaller charge

Question 3

metal + oxygen

Answer 3

metal oxide

Question 4

metal + chloride

Answer 4

metal chloride

Question 5

metal + water

Answer 5

hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 6

acid + base

Answer 6

salt + water

Question 7

oxide + water

Answer 7

hydroxide

Question 8

oxide + acid

Answer 8

salt + water

Question 9

trend of solubility descending group II sulphates

Answer 9

less soluble

Question 10

trend of solubility descending group II hydroxides

Answer 10

more soluble

Question 11

what factors increase polarising ability

Answer 11

high charge
small size

Question 12

trend of thermal stability descending group I and II

Answer 12

increases

Question 13

why do group I form more stable carbonates

Answer 13

larger ionic radius
smaller charge

Question 14

nitrate ion

Answer 14

NO3 -

Question 15

carbonate ion

Answer 15

CO3 2-

Question 16

why do carbonates become more stable descending a group

Answer 16

larger ionic radius

Question 17

why do carbonates decompose more readily with more polarising ions

Answer 17

higher charge
smaller radius

Question 18

decomposition of a group II carbonate to a group II oxide process

Answer 18

smaller cation is more polarising and distorts the electron cloud of the carbonate anion
CO2 is given off, leaving the oxide

Question 19

test for carbonate (of group I and II)

Answer 19

heat with blue flame
test gas given off with limewater
time how long limewater takes to go cloudy

Question 20

apparatus for carbonate I and II test

Answer 20

test tube (carbonate) ->heated w bunsen
bung
delivery tube
test tube (limewater)

Question 21

do group II nitrates decompose fully or partially

Answer 21

fully

Question 22

products of group II nitrates decomposing (fully)

Answer 22

oxide + nitrogen dioxide + oxygen

Question 23

do group I nitrates decompose fully or partially

Answer 23

partially

Question 24

products of group I decomposition (partially)

Answer 24

nitrate(III)salt + oxygen

Question 25

which group one nitrate decomposes fully (the exception)

Answer 25

lithium nitrate

Question 26

experiment to test nitrates (group I and II)

Answer 26

nitrate in a heating test tube
heat with blue flame
note change in appearance of solid, time taken and wether NO2/O2 involved

Question 27

colour of nitrogen dioxide gas

Answer 27

brown

Question 28

test for oxygen gas

Answer 28

relights a glowing splint

Question 29

identification of S block elements flame tests

Answer 29

clean nichrome wire by dipping in conc HCL and holding in blue bunsen flame
repeat until no colour is seen
dip rod in conc HCL then the solid
tip of wire in hottest part of bunsen flame and note the first colour

Question 30

flame colour lithium

Answer 30

red

Question 31

flame colour sodium

Answer 31

yellow/orange

Question 32

flame colour potassium

Answer 32

lilac

Question 33

flame colour rubidium

Answer 33

violet

Question 34

flame colour caesium

Answer 34

violet

Question 35

flame colour magnesium

Answer 35

colourless

Question 36

flame colour calcium

Answer 36

yellow-red

Question 37

flame colour strontium

Answer 37

red

Question 38

flame colour barium

Answer 38

pale green

Question 39

what causes the emission spectrum

Answer 39

electrons gain energy on heating and are promoted to a higher energy level shell
when returned to previous level they release the excess energy as light at a specific frequency