bond polarity Flashcards
electronegativity definition
the ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond towards itself
why would a molecule have polar bonds but not be a polar molecule
if the molecule has polar bonds but is a symmetrical molecule then the bond polarities cancel out
what classifies a polar bond
if the electronegativity difference between the atoms in the bond is more than 0.5
what 2 features make a polar molecule
polar bonds
asymmetrical molecule
structure of explaining shapes of molecules exam question
1 state number of lp and bp
2 ‘electron pairs repel to maximise separation’
3 state shape and bond angle
4 (if there are lone pairs) state lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp
define a polar covalent bond
the bonding pair of electrons are not shared equally by the two atoms in the bond
how are polar covalent bonds formed
the shared electrons are attracted towards the more electronegative atom.
the bonds will have a slight delta positive at one end and a delta negative at the other.
what is the bonding continuum
used to understand different types of bonding by observing variations in electronegativity between atoms.
non polar covalent bonds electronegativity difference
0-0.5
polar covalent bonds electronegativity difference
0.5-2.0
ionic bond electronegativity difference
> 2.0
how does electronegativity difference relate to ionic character
increased electronegativity difference means increased ionic character
