electron structure Flashcards

1
Q

define first ionisation energy

A

the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms

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2
Q

what are the 3 factors that affect ionisation energy

A

position of electron
proton number
shielding

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3
Q

how will the proton number affect ionisation energies

A

the more protons the greater the force of attraction so the harder it is to remove electrons.
(higher IE)

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4
Q

how will the amount of shielding affect the ionisation energies

A

the more complete inner shells (more shielding) the easier it is to remove electrons
(lower IE)

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5
Q

how does the distance between the electron and the nucleus affect the IE

A

the further the electron from the nucleus the less energy required to remove it
(lower IE)

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6
Q

how do electron shells affect the IE

A

electrons in the same shell have similar attraction to the nucleus
(similar IE)

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7
Q

which is easier to remove P electrons or S electrons

A

P electrons are easier to remove

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8
Q

why are P subshell electrons easier to remove that S subshell electrons

A

P subshell is shielded by the full S subshell and is higher in energy

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9
Q

how do paired electrons affect the IE

A

paired electrons are easier to remove as they are both negative so the repel each other
(lower IE)

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10
Q

why does the IE increase when moving to a PQS that is closer to the nucleus

A

electrons in shells closer to the nucleus experience much less shielding therefore have a greater attraction to the nucleus.

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