Green crime - globalisation and crime Flashcards
What is the definition of green
Crime against the environment
How has green crime become easier due to globalisation
Increased transport and planes = pollution
TNCs and mass consumption
How is green crime a global crime
Planet is a single ecosystem where our environment are interconnected
Green crime is often carried out by powerful TNCs that opperate across numerous contries
How is global crime difficult to enforce
Who decides who is responsible when it effects multiple countries or caused my multiple countries
Who is behind the idea of ‘Global Risk Society’
Beck
What is the ‘Global Risk Society’
Globalisation has created a global risk society from man mode risks e.g plane emissions, factory emissions, oil spills
what is environmental discrimination
The fact that poorer groups are the worst affected by pollution with there homes being located near garbage dumps
What are the two groups of sociologists that are involved with discussions of green crime
Traditional criminology
Green criminology
How do traditional criminologists define green crime
Green crime is a crime when it breaks the law, if it is not a law to be broken then it is not a green crime
What is one positive of the traditional criminologists definition of green crime
Easy to enforce and understand
What is one negative criticism of traditional criminologists definition of green crime
Marxism - definition is based on law which is often shaped by powerful groups to serve own interests
How do green criminologists define green crime
Defined by causing harm rather than law
What is two positives of the way green criminologists define green crime
Can be applied globally as it can cover several different countries with different laws
Definition is not based on law which is made by the powerful
What is one negative of the definition of green crime by Green Criminologists
Subjective: hard to define boundaries - very broad
Which green criminologist came up with the idea of primary and secondary green crime
South
What is Primary green crime
Crimes that are currently legal but they do damage the environment. Tend to be viewed as environmental issues rather than crime
e.g water pollution, air pollution, species decline
What is Secondary green crime
Crimes that are illegal under institutional law
e.g dumping toxic waste
What does Walters say British nuclear industries have done
Illegally disposed of thousands of barrels of radioactive waste in the seas around the channel islands
What are two alternative ways of defining the law
Law is anthropocentric
Law should be eco-centric
What is meant by ‘Law is anthropocentric’
Assumes humans have the right to exploit the natural environment for their own benefit (human centred)
What is meant by ‘Law should be eco-centric’
Focusing on the harm that damaging the environment does to both humans and animals
Which sociologist says that eco crime is a better term than environmental or green crime as it represents crimes against nature as a whole
Walters
Summarise what happened in the Deep water Horizon Waterspill
Obama: ‘worst environmental disaster in US’
Natural gas in a deep drill caused an explosion killing 11 members
Took 6 months to fill the leak which was emitting toxic oils
Killed 200,000 shore line, 100,000 turtles, 1,000 dolphins died
Series of mistakes done to cut costs caused the spill
BP guilty of gross negligent misconduct
BP CEO: ‘relatively small leak compared to the size of the ocean’
What are 4 other examples of green crime
Fast fashion - persuades people to throw away clothes regularly
Volkswagen Deisalgate scandal
Expansion of germane coal mines
Fast food contributes to amazon fires e.g McDonalds by buying meat from Brazil
what is the role of capitalism in green crime
Corporate crime have huge impact on the environment
Stripping rainforests of resources for TNCs
BP oil spill
