Functionalism - Durkheim Flashcards
What is the definition of crime
when an act is committed which is against the law
What is the definition of deviance
When someone commits an act that goes against societies norms and values
How is crime socially constructed
It is created by society and it can be seen through it changing throughout time and from place to place/ culture to culture
What does Durkeim believe about crime (FIN)
Crime is Functionals
Inevitable
Normal
What are the 4 functions of crime according to Durkehim
Safety value
Warning Device
Adaptation and change
Boundary maintenance
What is meant by Boundary maintenance as a function of crime
Society condemns wrongdoers
Reminds society of boundaries and acceptable behaviour creating the VC
Strengthens bonds between people - strengthens social solidarity
Public opinion can cause a change in the law - sarahs law
What is an evaluation point of Boundary maintenance
It overemphasises power of the VC - not everyone might agree a crime is wrong or on certain punishments given/not given
What is meant by Adaptation and change as a function of crime
All change starts with deviance - challenging norms is deemed a deviant act at the time but it allows peoples voices to be heard and for change to occur
Without crime - society would be stagnate and not make necessary adaptive changes
What are some examples of Adaptation and change with crime and law
Homosexuality
Radical protests causing the vote for women
What is an evaluation point of Adaptation and change as a function of crime
Vague - how much crime is functional for society? There are still victims of crime
What is meant as Warning device as a function of crime
Cohen: Some deviant acts highlight an institution not functioning properly
By highlighting the problem - it can be fixed
What are some examples of Warning device being used as a function of crime
High truancy rates - signals problem in school, we can look at why
Teacher strikes
What is meant by Safety valve as a function of crime
Some deviant behaviour prevents further harm
Davis: Prostitution acts as a safety value for release of men’s sexual frustration - reduces sexual crimes
Polsky: Pornography safely channels variety of sexual desires resulting in less adultery - preventing nuclear family breaking down
What is one evaluation point of Safety valve as a function of crime
Viewing content can desensitise people and cause more crime
What are some positives/ shows that Durkheim’s view is useful to understand society
Shows the positive side of crime and its useful purposes for change
