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Gram Positive Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What type of bacteria is bacilli anthracis?

A

Aerobic and large

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2
Q

What are Group D streptococci re-classified as?

A

Enterococcus spp, Enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium Often non-haemolytic Found in the gut as normal commensal Cause of urinary tract infection

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3
Q

What does streptococcus pneumoniae cause?

A

Pneumonia, meningitis, septicaemia

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4
Q

What is used to differentiate between the different forms of staphylococci?

A

Coagulase test

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5
Q

What are the large aerobic bacilli?

A

Bacillus Spp.
Bacillus cerus - food poisoning Bacillus anthracis

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6
Q

What is responsible for diptheria?

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae Small aerobic bacilli

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7
Q

What does C. diff cause?

A

diarrhoea

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8
Q

What type of organism is Streptococcus pneumoniae?

A

Alpha haemolytic streptococcui

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9
Q

What are the further divisions of beta haemolytic streptococci?

A

Identified further by lancefield groupings - based on surface antigens Groups A-G ABD clinically most important

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10
Q

What does clostridium tetani produce?

A

Toxins which cause tetanus uncontrolled muscle spasm - loss of inhibition at neuromuscluar junction

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11
Q

What small aerobic bacilli is responsible for meningitis?

A

Listeria Monocytogenes

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12
Q

How do most bacteria reproduce?

A

Binary Fission

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13
Q

Give an example of group B beta- haemolytic streptococci;

A

Streptococcus agalactiae Causes neonatal sepsis Meningitis Bacteraemia

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14
Q

What are the three types of streptococci?

A

Alpha haemolytic - partial haemolysis (turns blood agar green) Beta haemolytic - Complete haemolysis (turns blood agar clear) Non- haemolytic

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15
Q

What is the source of botox?

A

Clostridium botulinum

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16
Q

What can Clostridium perfringes cause?

A

Can contaminate food - food poisoning Infects serious wounds and causes gas gangrene

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17
Q

Where can you find Clostridium perfringens?

A

In the soil and normal commensal in human and animal gut/faeces

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18
Q

What does viridians streptococci cause?

Aplha Haemolytic

A

Infective endocarditis - Infection of the heart valves Normal in oral flora

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19
Q

What is the cause of anthrax?

A

Bacillus anthracis

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20
Q

What strains of anaerobic cocci exist?

A

Anaerobic streptococci

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21
Q

How does clostridium difficile spread?

A

In hospitals via spores

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22
Q

Which form of gram positive bacteria form clusters?

A

Staphylococci

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23
Q

Give an example of a staphylococci - coagulase positive bacteria and describe its effect

A

Staphylococcus aureus - commensal in nose Major pathogen Causes boils, soft tissue infections, septicaemia and food poisoning

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24
Q

What type of commensals are coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria?

A

Skin commensals Staph epidermis

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25
Give an example of a group A streptococci beta haemolytic
Streptococcus pyogens Major pathogen Sore throats, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis
26
Which strain of staphylococcus aureus poses a major risk for infection prevention and control?
MRSA, methicilin resistant
27
Why is staphylococcus aureus commonly penicillin resistant?
They produce beta lactamse - provides antibiotic resistance to antibiotics with a four atom ring known as a beta lactam
28
What type of organism is C.Diff?
Anaerobic Bacilli
29
When can coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria become pathogenic?
(Staphylococcus epidermis); In the presence of foreign bodies (prosthesis)?
30
Which form of gram positive bacteria form chains?
Streptococci
31
What is used for immunisation against Clostridium tetani?
Antigenically modified toxin
32
# Reverse Aerobic and large
What type of bacteria is bacilli anthracis?
33
# Reverse Enterococcus spp, Enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium Often non-haemolytic Found in the gut as normal commensal Cause of urinary tract infection
What are Group D streptococci re-classified as?
34
# Reverse Pneumonia, meningitis, septicaemia
What does streptococcus pneumoniae cause?
35
# Reverse Coagulase test
What is used to differentiate between the different forms of staphylococci?
36
# Reverse Bacillus cerus - food poisoning Bacillus anthracis
What are the large aerobic bacilli?
37
# Reverse Corynebacterium diptheriae Small aerobic bacilli
What is responsible for diptheria?
38
# Reverse diarrhoea
What does C. diff cause?
39
# Reverse Alpha haemolytic streptococcui
What type of organism is Streptococcus pneumoniae?
40
# Reverse Identified further by lancefield groupings - based on surface antigens Groups A-G **_ABD_** clinically most important
What are the further divisions of beta haemolytic streptococci?
41
# Reverse Toxins which cause tetanus uncontrolled muscle spasm - loss of inhibition at neuromuscluar junction
What does clostridium tetani produce?
42
# Reverse Listeria Monocytogenes
What small aerobic bacilli is responsible for meningitis?
43
# Reverse Binary Fission
How do most bacteria reproduce?
44
# Reverse Streptococcus agalactiae Causes neonatal sepsis Meningitis Bacteraemia
Give an example of group B streptococci
45
# Reverse Alpha haemolytic - partial haemolysis (turns blood agar green) Beta haemolytic - Complete haemolysis (turns blood agar clear) Non- haemolytic stays the same.
What are the three types of streptococci?
46
# Reverse Clostridium botulinum
What is the source of botox?
47
# Reverse Can contaminate food - food poisoning Infects serious wounds and causes gas gangrene
What can Clostridium perfringes cause?
48
# Reverse In the soil and normal commensal in human and animal gut/faeces
Where can you find Clostridium perfringens?
49
# Reverse Infective endocarditis - Infection of the heart valves Normal in oral flora
What does viridians streptococci cause? Aplha Haemolytic
50
# Reverse Bacillus anthracis
What is the cause of anthrax?
51
# Reverse Anaerobic streptococci
What strains of anaerobic cocci exist?
52
# Reverse In hospitals via spores
How does clostridium difficile spread?
53
# Reverse In hospitals via spores
How does clostridium difficile spread?
54
# Reverse Staphylococci
Which form of gram positive bacteria form clusters?
55
# Reverse Staphylococcus aureus - commensal in nose Major pathogen Causes boils, soft tissue infections, septicaemia and food poisoning
Give an example of a staphylococci - coagulase positive bacteria and describe its effect
56
# Reverse Staphylococcus aureus - commensal in nose Major pathogen Causes boils, soft tissue infections, septicaemia and food poisoning
Give an example of a staphylococci - coagulase positive bacteria and describe its effect
57
# Reverse Streptococcus pyogens Major pathogen Sore throats, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis
Give an example of a group A streptococci beta haemolytic
58
# Reverse MRSA, methicilin resistant
Which strain of staphylococcus aureus poses a major risk for infection prevention and control?
59
# Reverse They produce beta lactamse - provides antibiotic resistance to antibiotics with a four atom ring known as a beta lactam
Why is staphylococcus aureus commonly penicillin resistant?
60
# Reverse Anaerobic Bacilli
What type of organism is C.Diff?
61
# Reverse In the presence of foreign bodies (prosthesis)?
When can coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria become pathogenic?
62
# Reverse Streptococci
Which form of gram positive bacteria form chains?
63
# Reverse Antigenically modified toxin
What is used for immunisation against Clostridium tetani?
64
# Reverse Antigenically modified toxin
What is used for immunisation against Clostridium tetani?
65
# Reverse Streptococci
Which form of gram positive bacteria form chains?
66
# Reverse Streptococci
Which form of gram positive bacteria form chains?
67
# Reverse In the presence of foreign bodies (prosthesis)?
When can coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria become pathogenic?
68
# Reverse In the presence of foreign bodies (prosthesis)?
When can coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria become pathogenic?
69
# Reverse Anaerobic Bacilli
What type of organism is C.Diff?
70
# Reverse Anaerobic Bacilli
What type of organism is C.Diff?
71
# Reverse MRSA, methicilin resistant
Which strain of staphylococcus aureus poses a major risk for infection prevention and control?
72
# Reverse MRSA, methicilin resistant
Which strain of staphylococcus aureus poses a major risk for infection prevention and control?
73
# Reverse Streptococcus pyogens Major pathogen Sore throats, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis
Give an example of a group A streptococci beta haemolytic
74
# Reverse Streptococcus pyogens Major pathogen Sore throats, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis
Give an example of a group A streptococci beta haemolytic
75
# Reverse Skin commensals Staph epidermis
What type of commensals are coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria?
76
# Reverse Staphylococci
Which form of gram positive bacteria form clusters?
77
# Reverse Staphylococci
Which form of gram positive bacteria form clusters?
78
# Reverse Anaerobic streptococci
What strains of anaerobic cocci exist?
79
# Reverse Bacillus anthracis
What is the cause of anthrax?
80
# Reverse Infective endocarditis - Infection of the heart valves Normal in oral flora
What does viridians streptococci cause? Aplha Haemolytic
81
# Reverse In the soil and normal commensal in human and animal gut/faeces
Where can you find Clostridium perfringens?
82
# Reverse In the soil and normal commensal in human and animal gut/faeces
Where can you find Clostridium perfringens?
83
# Reverse Clostridium botulinum
What is the source of botox?
84
# Reverse Clostridium botulinum
What is the source of botox?
85
# Reverse Alpha haemolytic - partial haemolysis (turns blood agar green) Beta haemolytic - Complete haemolysis (turns blood agar clear) Non- haemolytic
What are the three types of streptococci?
86
# Reverse Alpha haemolytic - partial haemolysis (turns blood agar green) Beta haemolytic - Complete haemolysis (turns blood agar clear) Non- haemolytic
What are the three types of streptococci?
87
# Reverse Streptococcus agalactiae Causes neonatal sepsis Meningitis Bacteraemia
Give an example of group B streptococci
88
# Reverse Streptococcus agalactiae Causes neonatal sepsis Meningitis Bacteraemia
Give an example of group B streptococci
89
# Reverse Listeria Monocytogenes
What small aerobic bacilli is responsible for meningitis?
90
# Reverse Listeria Monocytogenes
What small aerobic bacilli is responsible for meningitis?
91
# Reverse Toxins which cause tetanus uncontrolled muscle spasm - loss of inhibition at neuromuscluar junction
What does clostridium tetani produce?
92
# Reverse Identified further by lancefield groupings - based on surface antigens Groups A-G **_ABD_** clinically most important
What are the further divisions of beta haemolytic streptococci?
93
# Reverse Alpha haemolytic streptococcui
What type of organism is Streptococcus pneumoniae?
94
# Reverse diarrhoea
What does C. diff cause?
95
# Reverse Corynebacterium diptheriae Small aerobic bacilli
What is responsible for diptheria?
96
# Reverse Bacillus cerus - food poisoning Bacillus anthracis
What are the large aerobic bacilli?

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