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Gram (+) Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Staphylococcus aureus -inflammatory diseases

A

APOE-3S

  1. hepatic abscess
  2. pneumonea
  3. osteomylitis
  4. endocarditis
  5. surgical infection
  6. supporative parotitis
  7. septic arthritis
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2
Q

S.aureus toxic mediated diseases

A
  1. Toxic shock sendrome
  2. scalded skin syndrome
  3. Rapid onest food poisoning
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3
Q

General diseases of s.aureus

A
  1. Inflammatory
  2. toxic mediated
  3. MRSA
  4. VRSA
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4
Q

S,aureus virulence

A

Protein A

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5
Q

Supporative parotits risk factor (4)

A
  1. medication: anticholenergic
  2. obstruction: neoplasm, calculi
  3. dehhydration
  4. intubation
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6
Q

Diagnosis of suppurative parotits in adult

A

Elevated serum amylase

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7
Q

MRSA resistance to:

A
  1. oxa-cillin
  2. mithi-cillin
  3. naf-cillin
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8
Q

Which bacteria produce adherent biofilm and infects prosthetic devices and IV catheters?

A

S.epidermidis

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9
Q

Most common cause of endocarditis in patient with artificial valves?

A

S.epidermidis

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10
Q

Treatment of infection by s.epidermidis( 2 types)

A
  1. Vancomycin

2. Replacment of infected devices

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11
Q

Most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection(the first 4)

A
  1. S.epidermis
  2. S.aureus
  3. Enterococcus
  4. candida
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12
Q

Which bacteria found normally in flora of genital tract and perinum of female?

A

Staph. Saprophyticus

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13
Q

Most and secode common cause of UTI in sxually active young female?

A
  1. E.coli

2. Staph.saprophyticus

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14
Q

Cause of Infective endocarditis after colon cancer

A

S.bovis

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15
Q

Cause of infective endocarditis after colonoscopy(GU procedures)?

A

Enterococci

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16
Q

S.pneumonia virulence

A
  • CIPT
    1. capsule
    2. IgA protease
    3. peptidoglycan
    4. teichoic acid
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17
Q

Most common cause of MOPSS

A

S.pneumonia

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18
Q

2 types of vaccine for s.pneumonea

A
  1. for adult PPV

2. for pediatric PCV

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19
Q

S.viridans virulence

A

Biofilm production

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20
Q

S.virdans diseases

A
  1. dental caries

2. subacute bacterial endocarditis

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21
Q

Biofilm of s.viridans cand adhere to two site :

A
  1. Tooth enamel

2. fibrin platelet aggrigates on damaged heart valves

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22
Q

General virulence of s.pyogenes

A
  1. evasion
  2. invasion
  3. adherence
  4. toxin
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23
Q

Evasion virulence of s.pyogenes

A

MHSS

  1. M-protein
  2. lyaluronic acid
  3. streptolysin o
  4. Streptolysin s
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24
Q

Invasion virulence of s.pyogenes

A
  1. strepto-dor-nas (DNase)
  2. streptokinase
  3. Hyaloronicdase
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25
Adhesion of s.pyogenes by?
Protein F
26
Toxin of s.pyrogenes
1. pyrogenic exotoxin | 2. lipoteichoic acid
27
Types and the disease that causes by pyrogenic toxin of s.pyrogenes
1. sepA and sepC cause toxic shock like syndrome | 2. sepB cause necrotizing fasciitis
28
Pyogenic diseases of s.pyogenes
1. pharyngitis 2. cellulitis 3. impetigo (honey crusted lesion)
29
Toxigenic disease of s.pyogenes
1. Scarlet fever 2. Toxic shock like syndrome 3. necrotizing fasciitis
30
Immunologic diseases of s.pyogenes
1. reumatic fever | 2. acute postsreptococcal glomerlunephritis
31
Which disease cause the following symptomes: | Sandpaper like body rash, strawberry tongue, circumoral pallor
Scarlet fever
32
Rheumatic fever symptomes
J❤️NES 1. joint-polyarthritis 2. carditis 3. nodules 4. erthema marginatum 5. sydenhman chorea(سيدي نعمان كوري)
33
Diagnosis of s.pyogenes
1. ASO | 2. Anti-DNase
34
Which bacteria produce CAMP factor
S.agalactiae
35
Which bacteria cause pneumonia, memingitis and sepsis mainly in babies?
S.agalactiae
36
Prophylaxis of s.agalactiae
Intrapartum penicillin
37
Which bacteria cause subacute endocarditis assosiated with colon cancer
S.bovis
38
Which bacteria colonizing the gut
S.bovis
39
S.agalactia where we can found it?
Vagina
40
MAP kinase enzyme that important for cell proliferation, inhibition of this enzyme lead to cell necrosis -cell death. Which factor can cleavage MAP kinase enzyme ?
Lethal factor: that act as protease
41
Lethal factor release by which bacteria?
B.anthracs
42
SNARE it’s responsible for transporting of GABA and glycin. Whcih toxin can cleavage it ?
1. Tetanospasmin | 2. Botulinum tixn
43
The main two symptomes of infective endocarditis :
Fever, murmur
44
Which bacteria can cause Actin polymerization ?
Shigella
45
Which bacteria can cause Actin depolymerization ?
1. C.difficle | 2. Listeria
46
Dental caries bacteria :
1. S.viridance | 2. Actinomyces
47
Which toxin inhibit\damage the cytoskeleton integrate ?
Toxin B (Cyto-toxin) of c.difficile
48
Which toxin inhibit cell membrane integrate ?
Alphatoxin (c.perifiringes)
49
What’s the chemical element that can inhibit mitochondrial energy production?
Cyanide poisoning
50
Which toxin inhibit rebosomal protein synthesis ?
Shiga toxin
51
Acid fast bacteria
Nocardia, mycobacterium
52
What’s the satellite phenomenon?
When S.aureus breakdown the blood( hematin formation), influnza utilized the hematin to grow. This process called satellite phenomenon.
53
Which bacteria have polyribitol phosphate capsule ?
H-influnza type B
54
Which bacteria have Diglotanate capsule. ?
B. Anthracs
55
Prophylaxis of meningitis by ?
Rifampicin
56
Bacteria that cause atypical pneumonia :
1. Mycoplasma 2. Chlymidia 3. Legionella
57
The most common cause of brain infection:
Pseudomonas
58
Which diseases transmitteds by Cat : 1. Bite 2. Feces 3. Scratch
1. Bite - pasturella 2. Faces- c.jijuni 3. Scratch -bartonella
59
Which bacteria can cause cellulitis ?
1. S.pyogens 2. S.aureus 3. Vibro parahemolyticus
60
Which bacteria cause gastroenteritis after eating seafood ?
Vibro parahemolyticus
61
Tampling motile bacteria
Listeria
62
Organism that can cause Culture (-) endocarditis:
1. Bartonella 2. Coxiella 3. Eicenella
63
The most common cause of tricuspid endocarditis in intravenous drug users :
1. S.aureus | 2. Pseudomonas
64
Skin infection by s.aureus called :
Bullous impetigo
65
Secondary bacterial pneumonia after influenza A virus can cause by
1. Strp.pneumonia 2. Staph.aureus 3. H-influenza
66
Mechanism of protein A of s.aureus :
Bind to Fc-IgG, inhibit complement activation and phagocytosis .
67
Eepidermolytic toxin A and B of scalded skin syndrome against :
Desmoglein-1 in stratum granulosum
68
What’s Nikolsky’s sign ?
Nikolsky sign is a skin finding in which the top layers of the skin slip away from the lower layers when rubbed.
69
Function of desmoglein :
1. Maintain tissue integrity. | 2. Facilitates cell–cell communication.
70
Rapid onset food poisoning cause by ingestion of :
Performed toxin
71
Why the MRSA resistance to methicillin and nafcillin ?
Due to altered of PBP
72
Treatment of MRSA :
1. Vancomycin 2. Daptomycin 3. Linezolid 4. Doxycycline 5. Tigecycline 6. Ceftraoline
73
Treatment of VRSA:
Streptogramins : 1. Quinupristin 2. Dalfopristin
74
Most common of endocarditis in patient with artificial valve
S.epidermis
75
Diplococci bacteria :
1. Gram(+)- s.pneumonia | 2. Gram (-) -nesseria
76
Sepsis that cause by s.pneumonia present in which patients :?
1. Sickle cell disease | 2. Asplenic patient
77
The most common cause of MOPSS
S.pneumonia
78
Protein M and protein A function
1. Inhibit complement activation | 2. Inhibit phagocytosis
79
Mechanism of hyaluronic acid capsule
Inhibit phagocytosis
80
Function of streptolysin O and streptolysin S
Lyses of RBC and PMNs
81
The different between streptolysin O and streptolysin S?
1. Streptolysin O: immunologic ( the immune system produce Ab against it “anti-streptolysin O “). 2. Streptolysin S: non-immunologic
82
Function of streptodoranase (DNase) :
Degrades DNA in pus to facilitate spread of the organism .
83
Function of streptokinase :
Converts plasminogen to plasmin by phosphorylation it
84
Protein F function
Adhesion
85
Types of pyogenic exotoxin of s.pyogenes
1. SepA: “superAG” 2. SepB :protease 3. SepC: superAG
86
Toxic shock like syndrome cause by which types of toxin
Pyrogenic toxin : sepA & sepC
87
Necrotizing fasciitis (الكبار بالعمر لبنامو على ظهرهن وبتحركوش) cause by which type of toxin
Pyrogenic toxin: sepB
88
Lipoteichoic acid cause
Septic shock
89
Pharyngitis can result in :
1. Rheumatic fever | 2. Glomerlunephritis (APSGN)
90
Aschoff body present in which disease
Rheumatic fever
91
Causes of nonbullous impetigo
1. S.aureus (more common ) | 2. S.pyogenes (less common )
92
Which disease have honey crusted lesions as clinical features ?
Nonbullous impetigo
93
Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis occurs two weeks after :
* Pharyngitis or impetigo
94
Disease that characterised by “pain out of proportion “ :
1. Necrtotizing facilities | 2. compartmental syndrome
95
Prophylaxis of pregnant woman that carrier to group B streptococci :
Intrapartum penicillin G or ampicillin
96
Which gram + cocci colonizes the gut ?
S.bovis
97
Which gram(+) bacteria is variable hemolysis -that form green area hemolysis
Enterococci
98
Types of enterococci resistance to antibodies
1. Intrinsic : beta-lactams, macrolids, aminoglycoides , TMP-SMX 2. Aquired (VRE): vancomycin
99
Which bacteria show medusa head in colonies ?
Aanathracs
100
The only bacteria with polypeptide capsule (deglutinate capsule ):
Anathracs
101
Polypeptide capsule contains:
D-glutamate
102
Lethal factor cleaves of
MAP kinase
103
Which disease transmitted by goat hair
Cuteness anthrax
104
Treatment of anthraces diseases
1. Ciprofloxacin | 2. Doxycycline
105
Woolsorter’s disease
Pulmonary anthrax disease that transmitted via inhalation of spores
106
Which disease cause by anthrax present with hemorrhagic mediastinitis
Pulmonary anthraxs
107
Which bacteria have tennis racket shape
Clostridia
108
C.tetani found in
Soil
109
Tetansospasmin travel to CNS via :
Retrograde axonal transport
110
Shape of diphtheria
Club shape
111
Diphtheria characters ?
Chinese characters 1. V-shape. 2. Y-shape.
112
The cytoplasm of diphtheria contains :
Meta-chromatin granules
113
Diphtheria toxin encoded by
B-prophage
114
Mechanism of diphtheria toxin
Inhibit protein synthesis via ADP-ribosylation of EF-2
115
Diphtheria disease transmitted via
Respiratory droplets
116
Symptoms of diphtherial. Disease
1. Pseudomembranous pharyngitis ( greyish-white membrane ). 2. Lymphadenopathy (bull-neck). 3. Myocarditis (cardiomyopathy the most common cause of death ) 4. Neuritis
117
the most common cause of death of diphtherial disease. :
Cardiomyopathy
118
Mechanism of cardiomyopathy of diphtheria :
Removal of pseudomembranous pharyngitis of diphtheria lead to “ severe bleeding “, and separates the toxin to the heart and neural cell, when the toxin reach to the heart it bind to “Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor “, by B-subunit, after binding it can cause myocarditis that lead to cardiomyopathy and death.
119
In which site in heart , the diphtheria toxin bind?
Heparin- binding epidermal growth factor
120
What’s the phage ?
It’s virus especially for bacteria, that transports the DNA from bacteria to other.
121
Types of phage :
1. Lytic phage | 2. Lysogenic phage
122
Mechanism of lytic phage
Lysis the bacteria immediately after penetration it.
123
Mechanism of lysogenic phage :
* Penetrate the bacteria * Integrates with bacterial DNA * Bacterial cell “ Explode “. * lysogenic phage exit the bacteria and take flanking region from bacterial DNA(include toxigen) * Transporting of lysogenic phage to another bacteria and give the another bacteria the flanking region that cut it from the first one
124
B-prophage of diphtheria which type of phage ?
Lysogenic phage
125
Elongation factor-2 responsible for :
Translocation of rRNA
126
EF-2 inhibit by :
ADP-ribosylation
127
Which bacteria inhibit EF-2
1. Diphtheria | 2. Pseudomonas
128
Diphtheria test :
Elek test
129
Elek test check :
If the diphtheria toxigenic or non-toxigenic
130
Treatment of diphtheria :
1. Diphtheria antitoxin: ( Ig ) for neutralization of diphtherial toxin . 2. Antibiotics : erythromycin or penicillin 3. DPT vaccine
131
Diphtheria antitoxin have no effects in case of :
If the toxin attached to the neural and heart cells .
132
TB virulence
1. Cord factor: activate macrophage , induces release of TNF-alpha 2. Slufatide: inhibit phagolysosomal fusion
133
Gonorrhoea in women can cause
Ectopic pregnancy
134
When occurs the neonatal conjunctivitis ?
In the first 5 days of life
135
Virulence of H-influenza :
1. IgA potease | 2. Polysaccharide capsule (PRP)
136
Malignant otitis externa seen in
Elderly diabetic patient
137
What’s seen within the ear canal in case of malignant otitis extgerna ?
Granulation tissue
138
Progression of malignant otitis externa can lead to
1. Osteomyelitis | 2. Cranial nerve damage
139
Typhoid fever cause by
Salmonella typhi
140
The most common cause of osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease
1. S.aureus | 2. Salmonella
141
Which bacteria can proliferation in mesenteric lymph node ?
1. Yerisina | 2. Salmonella
142
Triple of H.pylori :
1. Catalase + 2. Oxidase + 3. Urease +
143
H.pylori colonizes in
Antrum of stomach
144
Salmonella typhi colonizied in
Gallbladder
145
Screening test of syphilis
PRP of VDRL
146
Confirmatory test of syphilis
FTA-ABS

Microbiology (13 decks)

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