Gram (+) And Gram (-) Bacteria Flashcards
1
Q
PYR+ bacteria (Pyrrolidonyl Arylamidase).
A
- s.aureus (b-hemolytic).
2. enterococci( alpha or gama hemolytic).
2
Q
In all of the bacteria the cell wall consist of peptidoglycan except the mycobacerium consist of:
A
Mycolic acid
3
Q
Isoniazid inhibit synthesis of ?
A
Mycolic acid
4
Q
Diseases of Enterococci
A
- UTI
- BTI (biliary tract infection)
- Subacute endocarditis
- VRE(vancomycin resistance enterococci)
5
Q
Virulence of B.anathracis
A
- capsule
2. anthrax toxin
6
Q
Anathracis toxin (trimeric toxin) composed?
A
- protictive AG
- lethal factor
- Edema factor
7
Q
Diseases of anathrax?
A
1.cutaneus anathrax
Pulmonary anathrax
8
Q
Prevention of anathrax
A
AVA-acellular vaccine adsorbed
9
Q
Baciilus cereus toxin, and types of toxin
A
Enterotixin or performed toxin
- emetic type: seen in rice and pasta
- Diarrheal type: cause non-bloody diarrhea
10
Q
Clostridia types
A
- tetani
- botulinum
- perifirngis
- difficle
11
Q
C,tetani virulence?
A
Tetanospasmin
12
Q
Transmision of c.tetani
A
- trauma or wound pancture
2. Umbilical stump
13
Q
Diseases of c.tetani?
A
- Septic paralysis
2. Neonatal tetanus
14
Q
Treatment of c.tetani
A
- Tetanus Ig to neutralization of toxin
- antibiotics(metronidazole or penicillin) to kill the bacteria
- Diazepam for muscle spasm
15
Q
C.botulinum toxin mechanism
A
Inhibit Ach release
16
Q
Botulism transmission in adult and babies
A
In adult by performed toxin in the canned food
In babies ingested the spore (not the toxin) that found usually in 🍯——lead to floppy disease
17
Q
Floppy baby syndrome causes
A
Ingestion of the botulism spore that usually found in the honey
18
Q
Botulism decrease Ach , that lead to effect of muscurenic and necotenic receptor ..
Which symptomes appers after inhibition this receptors ?
A
Muscurenic inhibition: 1.dry mouth 2.blured vesion( mydresis) 3. Urine retention 4. Constibation Necotenic inhibition:4D Diplopia Dysphagia Dyspnea Dysarthia
19
Q
C.difficle toxin (mechanism and symptomes) :
A
- toxin A “enterotoxin” : bind to brush border of the gut and cause: 1. Colitis, 2. Watery diarrhrea
- toxin B “cytotoxin” distrup cytoskeleton via actin depolymerisation, it lead to : 1. Fibrin depstion , 2. Cell necrosis
20
Q
C.periferigis toxin and symptomes
A
- toxin alpha (lecithinase “phospholipase-C” ). Cause: myonecrosis, gas gangrene, hemolysis.
- heat labile enterotoxin : cause late onest food poisoning , transmitted via rheated meat dishes.it can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain
21
Q
Listeria disease 1. In pregnance women 2.in infant 3,in immunocompramised 4.in healthy person
A
- In pregnance women : amnionitis, septicemia, spntaneus abortion.
2.in infant : neonatal meningitis, granulomatus infatiseptica.
3,in immunocompramised: meningitis.
4.in healthy person : gastroentiritis.
22
Q
listeria 2T 2R 2V CF
A
2T: transplacenta transmitision, tumbling motility.
2V : very narrow zone of B- hemolysis on blood agar , viginal transmition.
2R : refrigeration temprature [4-10] to grow, rocket tails.
C-cell mediated immunitiy required to fight the infection.
F. Vacultative intracellular.
23
Q
Actinomyces disease
A
- cervicofacial actinomyces-absceses in face and oral
- Pulmonary actinomyces— abscess in lungs
- Dental caries
- PID
24
Q
Nocardia disease
A
- pulmonary infection in immunocompramised
- cutaneus infection after trauma
- Brain abscess
25
Which bacteria cause Hansen disease ?
Leprosy
26
Two forms of leprosy diseases
1. Lepromatus
| 2. Tuberculoid
27
Lepromatos manifistaion
1. Leonine (lion like) facies
2. Decrease cell mediated immunity
3. Increase humeral immunity
4. Can be lethal
28
Complication of tuberculoid
1. Hyposthetic ( loss of sensation)
| 2. hairless skin plaque
29
N.gonococci disease
1. Gonorrhea
2. Septic arthrits
3. Neontal conjunctivitis
4. Dissminated gonococcal infection
5. PID
6. FHC fitzhugh curtis syndrome ( fibrosis of hepatic capsule)
30
Triad of dissmenated gonococcal infection
1. Polyarthlgia
2. Skin lesion
3. Tenosynovitis
31
N.meningiococci diseases
1. Meningiocococemia
2. Meningitis
3. Petechal hemorrhage
4. Gangrene of toes
5. Water-house friederiches syndrome
32
Symptomes of Water-house friederiches syndrome
1. DIC
2. Adrenal insufficiency
3. Fever
4. Shock
33
H-influnza complication
1. Acute epiglotgitis
2. Otitis media
3. Meningitis
4. Pneumonea
34
Symptomes of Acute epiglottits of H-influnza
1. Fever
2. Dysphagia
3. Drooling
4. Inspiratory stridor
35
Diagnosis of acute epiglotits of H-influnza
1. Enteroscopy— show cherry red
| 2. Lateral cervical x-ray— thumb sign
36
Legionella
| التكييف الفضي الذي يعمل بالفحم والحديد
1. Air condition transmition (aersol)
2. Silver stains
3. Chorcoal yeast extract
4. Iron and cystein
37
Ligeonella diseases
1. Pontiac fever
| 2. Ligeonnaries disease
38
Complication of legionnaries disease
1. Sever pneumonia
2. Fever
3. GI symptomes: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.)
4. CNS symptomes : confusion by hyponaitremia that result of increase ADH
39
Bordetella pertussis virulence
1. Pertussis toxi : prevent phagocytosis induce lymphocytosis
2. Tracheal toxin : responsible for cough
3. Pertactin : responsible for adhesion , vaccine formed aginst it
40
Stages of bordetella pertussis
1. catarrha : low fever, coryza
2. Paroxysma: attack (brussy metatic), whooping cough, posttusive vomiting
3. Convalescent: recovery of chronic cough
41
Proteus disease
1. UTI
2. Kidney stones: 1. Staghorn calculi, 2.struvite stones “ amoniom, Mg+, phosphate”.
3. Septicemia
42
Pseudomonas virulence: PEPE-M
1. Endotoxin
2. Enterotoxin A
3. Phospholipase C
4. Mucoid polysacchride capsule
5. Pyocyanine
43
Pseudomonas disease
1. Pneumonia ( cysitic fibrosis , ventlated patient )
2. Hot tub foliculitis ( skin infection)
3. Malignant otitis externa
4. Woun infection ( in bourn victimes)
5. Ecthyma gangrenosum
6. Corneal ulcer ( keratitis) in contact lens
44
Klebsiella disease
1. Pneumonea
2. UTI
3. Sepsis ( in immunocompromised)
4. Liver abscess( most common cause of pyogenic liver abscess
45
Complication of pneumonia of klebsilla
1. Associated with diabetic and alcoholic
2. Aspirated
3. Lobar pneumonia specillay in upper lobe
4. Current jelly sputum
46
Typhoiod fever complication
1. Rose spots in abdomin
2. Abdominal pain
3. Constipation
4. Fever
47
Stages of typhoid fever ( 3 weeks)
1. First week : rising fever, bacteremia,relative brady cardia
2. Seconde week: rose spots in abdomin and trunk ,abdominal pain
3. Hepatospleenomegally, intetinal bleeding and perforation(by invasive of intestinal mucusa that contains M_cell)
48
Compylobacter jijuni disease
1. Gastrointeritis ( inflammatory diarrhea: initial watery later bloody)
2. Gollian barre syndrome : AG cross reactivity , ascending paralysis
3. Rieters syndrome ( reactive arthritis) triad urethrits, arthitis, conjunctivitis
49
Cholera disease
Rice watery diarrhea
50
Mechanism of cholera disease
Cholera toxin and cholera like toxin of ETEC the twice have the same mechanism that increase cAMP that lead to reabsorption of Na/cl/H2o therfore it lead to electrolitic distrubance— secretory diarrhea (no WBC or RBS)
51
Vibro parahemolyticus disease
1. Cellulitis
| 2. Gastrointeritis( self limiting watery diarrhea
52
Yerisina enterocolitica disease
1. Plague
| 2. Pseudoappendicitis
53
Pseudoappendicitis of yerisina
Enlargment and inflammation of lymphatic tissue around the appendix and terminal ilium, it cause pain in the right lower quadrient
54
Appendicitis cause
| Pseudoappendicitis cause
1. Appendicitis cause by bacteroid
| 2. Pseudo cause by yerisina
55
H.pylori disease
1. Gastritis
2. Peptic ulcer
3. Risk factor to : MALT lymphoma, gastic adenocarcinoma
56
Causes and victor of lyme disease
Borrelia borgdorfer transmitted by Ixodes deer tick
57
Lyme disease stages
1. Early localized : (skin) flu-like symptomes, bull’s eye configuration
2. Early dissminated: carditis, AV block, transient arthritis , facial nerve palsy
3. Late dissminated: chronic arthritis, encephalopathy
58
Stages of syphilis
Primary syphilis : localized(limited on the skin), painless chancre, dark-feld microscopy
Secondary: dissminated, maculopapular rash, dark-feld microscopy, condylomata lata: (smooth, moist, wart like white lesion on genetalis)
Tertiary syphilis: gommas(chronic granuloma)+(large rubbery ulceration on tongue and face), aortitis( vasa-vasrum destruction) argyll robetsone pupil( prostitute pupil) neurosyphalis ( general paralysis, tabes dorsalis)
59
Chlamydia types
1. Trachomatis
2. Clamydophila pheumoniae
3. psittaci
60
C. Trachomatis complication
1. Reactive arthritis
2. Follicular conjunctivitis
3. Non-gonococcal urithrits
4. PID
61
Gardinella vaginalis (vaginosis) complication
1. Gray-vaginal discharge
2. Non painful
3. Fishy smelling
4. Clu cell
62
Bartonella henselae diseases
1. Cat-scratch disease: (low fever, painful lymphoadenopathy)
2. Bacillary angiomatosis:( similar to capusi sarcoma, red purpule papulare skin rash)
3. Culture (-) endocarditis
63
Fusobacterim nuceatum diseases:
1. Periodontal disease
2. Jaw abscses
3. Lemierrs syndrome: thrombophilibitis of internal jugular vein
64
Leptospira anterrogans disases
1. Leptospirosis
| 2. Weil disease( icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis)
65
Leptospirosis symptomes
1. Flu-like symptomes
2. Conjunctival suffusion
3. Photophopia
4. Myalgias
5. Jaundice
66
Weil disease symptomes
1. Sever jaundice
2. Hemorrhage
3. Liver & kidney dysfunction
67
Chlamydia trachomatis serotype A,B,C
Blindness by follicular conjunctivits , usually in africa
68
Chlamydia trachomatis serotype D-K
1. PID/urethritis
2. Neonital conjunctivitis
3. Neontal esophilia
4. Neonital pneumonia( staccato cough)
69
Chlamydia trachomatis serotype L1,L2,L3
Lymphogranuloma venrum :
* small painless ulcer on genital mucusa
* swollen painful inguinal lymph node: ulcerative, rupture
70
Mycoplasma pneumonea diseases
1. non productive cough
2. Diffuse interstitial infeltration
3. autoimmune hemolytic anemia
71
Which bacteria cause cold agglutinine
Mycoplasma pneumonia
72
Types of rickettsia
1. Rickettsi
2. Pro-waze-ri
3. Typhi
73
Which bacteria cause rocky moutain spotted fever?
R.reckettsii
74
Symptoms of rocky mountain spotted fever
Rash : start in palms and soles and separed to all the body
75
Endemic typhus cause by?
R.typhi
76
Epidemic typhus cause by?
R.prowazerii
77
Which bacteria cuase rash that start from trunk and separed to palmes and soles
R.prowazerii & R.typhi
78
What’s meaning gummas (of syphilis)?
Chonic granuloma, largy rubbery ulceration on face and tongue.
79
Neurosyphilis :
General paralysis and tabes dorsalis
80
Which disese characterised by clu cells?
gardinella vaginalis
81
Which disease similar to capusi sarcoma, and characterised by red purpule papulare skin rash
Bacillary angiomtatosis ( by bartonella)
82
Lemierrs syndrome definition :-
Thrombophilibitis of internal jugular vein
