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Microbiology > Gram (+) And Gram (-) Bacteria > Flashcards

Gram (+) And Gram (-) Bacteria Flashcards

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1
Q

PYR+ bacteria (Pyrrolidonyl Arylamidase).

A
  1. s.aureus (b-hemolytic).

2. enterococci( alpha or gama hemolytic).

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2
Q

In all of the bacteria the cell wall consist of peptidoglycan except the mycobacerium consist of:

A

Mycolic acid

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3
Q

Isoniazid inhibit synthesis of ?

A

Mycolic acid

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4
Q

Diseases of Enterococci

A
  1. UTI
  2. BTI (biliary tract infection)
  3. Subacute endocarditis
  4. VRE(vancomycin resistance enterococci)
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5
Q

Virulence of B.anathracis

A
  1. capsule

2. anthrax toxin

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6
Q

Anathracis toxin (trimeric toxin) composed?

A
  1. protictive AG
  2. lethal factor
  3. Edema factor
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7
Q

Diseases of anathrax?

A

1.cutaneus anathrax

Pulmonary anathrax

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8
Q

Prevention of anathrax

A

AVA-acellular vaccine adsorbed

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9
Q

Baciilus cereus toxin, and types of toxin

A

Enterotixin or performed toxin

  1. emetic type: seen in rice and pasta
  2. Diarrheal type: cause non-bloody diarrhea
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10
Q

Clostridia types

A
  1. tetani
  2. botulinum
  3. perifirngis
  4. difficle
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11
Q

C,tetani virulence?

A

Tetanospasmin

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12
Q

Transmision of c.tetani

A
  1. trauma or wound pancture

2. Umbilical stump

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13
Q

Diseases of c.tetani?

A
  1. Septic paralysis

2. Neonatal tetanus

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14
Q

Treatment of c.tetani

A
  1. Tetanus Ig to neutralization of toxin
  2. antibiotics(metronidazole or penicillin) to kill the bacteria
  3. Diazepam for muscle spasm
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15
Q

C.botulinum toxin mechanism

A

Inhibit Ach release

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16
Q

Botulism transmission in adult and babies

A

In adult by performed toxin in the canned food

In babies ingested the spore (not the toxin) that found usually in 🍯——lead to floppy disease

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17
Q

Floppy baby syndrome causes

A

Ingestion of the botulism spore that usually found in the honey

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18
Q

Botulism decrease Ach , that lead to effect of muscurenic and necotenic receptor ..
Which symptomes appers after inhibition this receptors ?

A 
Muscurenic inhibition:
1.dry mouth
2.blured vesion( mydresis)
3. Urine retention
4. Constibation
Necotenic inhibition:4D
Diplopia
Dysphagia
Dyspnea
Dysarthia
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19
Q

C.difficle toxin (mechanism and symptomes) :

A
  1. toxin A “enterotoxin” : bind to brush border of the gut and cause: 1. Colitis, 2. Watery diarrhrea
  2. toxin B “cytotoxin” distrup cytoskeleton via actin depolymerisation, it lead to : 1. Fibrin depstion , 2. Cell necrosis
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20
Q

C.periferigis toxin and symptomes

A
  1. toxin alpha (lecithinase “phospholipase-C” ). Cause: myonecrosis, gas gangrene, hemolysis.
  2. heat labile enterotoxin : cause late onest food poisoning , transmitted via rheated meat dishes.it can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain
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21
Q 
Listeria disease
1. In pregnance women
2.in infant
3,in immunocompramised
4.in healthy person
A
  1. In pregnance women : amnionitis, septicemia, spntaneus abortion.
    2.in infant : neonatal meningitis, granulomatus infatiseptica.
    3,in immunocompramised: meningitis.
    4.in healthy person : gastroentiritis.
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22
Q

listeria 2T 2R 2V CF

A

2T: transplacenta transmitision, tumbling motility.
2V : very narrow zone of B- hemolysis on blood agar , viginal transmition.
2R : refrigeration temprature [4-10] to grow, rocket tails.
C-cell mediated immunitiy required to fight the infection.
F. Vacultative intracellular.

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23
Q

Actinomyces disease

A
  1. cervicofacial actinomyces-absceses in face and oral
  2. Pulmonary actinomyces— abscess in lungs
  3. Dental caries
  4. PID
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24
Q

Nocardia disease

A
  1. pulmonary infection in immunocompramised
  2. cutaneus infection after trauma
  3. Brain abscess
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25
Q

Which bacteria cause Hansen disease ?

A

Leprosy

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26
Q

Two forms of leprosy diseases

A
  1. Lepromatus

2. Tuberculoid

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27
Q

Lepromatos manifistaion

A
  1. Leonine (lion like) facies
  2. Decrease cell mediated immunity
  3. Increase humeral immunity
  4. Can be lethal
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28
Q

Complication of tuberculoid

A
  1. Hyposthetic ( loss of sensation)

2. hairless skin plaque

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29
Q

N.gonococci disease

A
  1. Gonorrhea
  2. Septic arthrits
  3. Neontal conjunctivitis
  4. Dissminated gonococcal infection
  5. PID
  6. FHC fitzhugh curtis syndrome ( fibrosis of hepatic capsule)
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30
Q

Triad of dissmenated gonococcal infection

A
  1. Polyarthlgia
  2. Skin lesion
  3. Tenosynovitis
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31
Q

N.meningiococci diseases

A
  1. Meningiocococemia
  2. Meningitis
  3. Petechal hemorrhage
  4. Gangrene of toes
  5. Water-house friederiches syndrome
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32
Q

Symptomes of Water-house friederiches syndrome

A
  1. DIC
  2. Adrenal insufficiency
  3. Fever
  4. Shock
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33
Q

H-influnza complication

A
  1. Acute epiglotgitis
  2. Otitis media
  3. Meningitis
  4. Pneumonea
34
Q

Symptomes of Acute epiglottits of H-influnza

A
  1. Fever
  2. Dysphagia
  3. Drooling
  4. Inspiratory stridor
35
Q

Diagnosis of acute epiglotits of H-influnza

A
  1. Enteroscopy— show cherry red

2. Lateral cervical x-ray— thumb sign

36
Q

Legionella

التكييف الفضي الذي يعمل بالفحم والحديد

A
  1. Air condition transmition (aersol)
  2. Silver stains
  3. Chorcoal yeast extract
  4. Iron and cystein
37
Q

Ligeonella diseases

A
  1. Pontiac fever

2. Ligeonnaries disease

38
Q

Complication of legionnaries disease

A
  1. Sever pneumonia
  2. Fever
  3. GI symptomes: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.)
  4. CNS symptomes : confusion by hyponaitremia that result of increase ADH
39
Q

Bordetella pertussis virulence

A
  1. Pertussis toxi : prevent phagocytosis induce lymphocytosis
  2. Tracheal toxin : responsible for cough
  3. Pertactin : responsible for adhesion , vaccine formed aginst it
40
Q

Stages of bordetella pertussis

A
  1. catarrha : low fever, coryza
  2. Paroxysma: attack (brussy metatic), whooping cough, posttusive vomiting
  3. Convalescent: recovery of chronic cough
41
Q

Proteus disease

A
  1. UTI
  2. Kidney stones: 1. Staghorn calculi, 2.struvite stones “ amoniom, Mg+, phosphate”.
  3. Septicemia
42
Q

Pseudomonas virulence: PEPE-M

A
  1. Endotoxin
  2. Enterotoxin A
  3. Phospholipase C
  4. Mucoid polysacchride capsule
  5. Pyocyanine
43
Q

Pseudomonas disease

A
  1. Pneumonia ( cysitic fibrosis , ventlated patient )
  2. Hot tub foliculitis ( skin infection)
  3. Malignant otitis externa
  4. Woun infection ( in bourn victimes)
  5. Ecthyma gangrenosum
  6. Corneal ulcer ( keratitis) in contact lens
44
Q

Klebsiella disease

A
  1. Pneumonea
  2. UTI
  3. Sepsis ( in immunocompromised)
  4. Liver abscess( most common cause of pyogenic liver abscess
45
Q

Complication of pneumonia of klebsilla

A
  1. Associated with diabetic and alcoholic
  2. Aspirated
  3. Lobar pneumonia specillay in upper lobe
  4. Current jelly sputum
46
Q

Typhoiod fever complication

A
  1. Rose spots in abdomin
  2. Abdominal pain
  3. Constipation
  4. Fever
47
Q

Stages of typhoid fever ( 3 weeks)

A
  1. First week : rising fever, bacteremia,relative brady cardia
  2. Seconde week: rose spots in abdomin and trunk ,abdominal pain
  3. Hepatospleenomegally, intetinal bleeding and perforation(by invasive of intestinal mucusa that contains M_cell)
48
Q

Compylobacter jijuni disease

A
  1. Gastrointeritis ( inflammatory diarrhea: initial watery later bloody)
  2. Gollian barre syndrome : AG cross reactivity , ascending paralysis
  3. Rieters syndrome ( reactive arthritis) triad urethrits, arthitis, conjunctivitis
49
Q

Cholera disease

A

Rice watery diarrhea

50
Q

Mechanism of cholera disease

A

Cholera toxin and cholera like toxin of ETEC the twice have the same mechanism that increase cAMP that lead to reabsorption of Na/cl/H2o therfore it lead to electrolitic distrubance— secretory diarrhea (no WBC or RBS)

51
Q

Vibro parahemolyticus disease

A
  1. Cellulitis

2. Gastrointeritis( self limiting watery diarrhea

52
Q

Yerisina enterocolitica disease

A
  1. Plague

2. Pseudoappendicitis

53
Q

Pseudoappendicitis of yerisina

A

Enlargment and inflammation of lymphatic tissue around the appendix and terminal ilium, it cause pain in the right lower quadrient

54
Q

Appendicitis cause

Pseudoappendicitis cause

A
  1. Appendicitis cause by bacteroid

2. Pseudo cause by yerisina

55
Q

H.pylori disease

A
  1. Gastritis
  2. Peptic ulcer
  3. Risk factor to : MALT lymphoma, gastic adenocarcinoma
56
Q

Causes and victor of lyme disease

A

Borrelia borgdorfer transmitted by Ixodes deer tick

57
Q

Lyme disease stages

A
  1. Early localized : (skin) flu-like symptomes, bull’s eye configuration
  2. Early dissminated: carditis, AV block, transient arthritis , facial nerve palsy
  3. Late dissminated: chronic arthritis, encephalopathy
58
Q

Stages of syphilis

A

Primary syphilis : localized(limited on the skin), painless chancre, dark-feld microscopy
Secondary: dissminated, maculopapular rash, dark-feld microscopy, condylomata lata: (smooth, moist, wart like white lesion on genetalis)
Tertiary syphilis: gommas(chronic granuloma)+(large rubbery ulceration on tongue and face), aortitis( vasa-vasrum destruction) argyll robetsone pupil( prostitute pupil) neurosyphalis ( general paralysis, tabes dorsalis)

59
Q

Chlamydia types

A
  1. Trachomatis
  2. Clamydophila pheumoniae
  3. psittaci
60
Q

C. Trachomatis complication

A
  1. Reactive arthritis
  2. Follicular conjunctivitis
  3. Non-gonococcal urithrits
  4. PID
61
Q

Gardinella vaginalis (vaginosis) complication

A
  1. Gray-vaginal discharge
  2. Non painful
  3. Fishy smelling
  4. Clu cell
62
Q

Bartonella henselae diseases

A
  1. Cat-scratch disease: (low fever, painful lymphoadenopathy)
  2. Bacillary angiomatosis:( similar to capusi sarcoma, red purpule papulare skin rash)
  3. Culture (-) endocarditis
63
Q

Fusobacterim nuceatum diseases:

A
  1. Periodontal disease
  2. Jaw abscses
  3. Lemierrs syndrome: thrombophilibitis of internal jugular vein
64
Q

Leptospira anterrogans disases

A
  1. Leptospirosis

2. Weil disease( icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis)

65
Q

Leptospirosis symptomes

A
  1. Flu-like symptomes
  2. Conjunctival suffusion
  3. Photophopia
  4. Myalgias
  5. Jaundice
66
Q

Weil disease symptomes

A
  1. Sever jaundice
  2. Hemorrhage
  3. Liver & kidney dysfunction
67
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis serotype A,B,C

A

Blindness by follicular conjunctivits , usually in africa

68
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis serotype D-K

A
  1. PID/urethritis
  2. Neonital conjunctivitis
  3. Neontal esophilia
  4. Neonital pneumonia( staccato cough)
69
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis serotype L1,L2,L3

A

Lymphogranuloma venrum :

  • small painless ulcer on genital mucusa
  • swollen painful inguinal lymph node: ulcerative, rupture
70
Q

Mycoplasma pneumonea diseases

A
  1. non productive cough
  2. Diffuse interstitial infeltration
  3. autoimmune hemolytic anemia
71
Q

Which bacteria cause cold agglutinine

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

72
Q

Types of rickettsia

A
  1. Rickettsi
  2. Pro-waze-ri
  3. Typhi
73
Q

Which bacteria cause rocky moutain spotted fever?

A

R.reckettsii

74
Q

Symptoms of rocky mountain spotted fever

A

Rash : start in palms and soles and separed to all the body

75
Q

Endemic typhus cause by?

A

R.typhi

76
Q

Epidemic typhus cause by?

A

R.prowazerii

77
Q

Which bacteria cuase rash that start from trunk and separed to palmes and soles

A

R.prowazerii & R.typhi

78
Q

What’s meaning gummas (of syphilis)?

A

Chonic granuloma, largy rubbery ulceration on face and tongue.

79
Q

Neurosyphilis :

A

General paralysis and tabes dorsalis

80
Q

Which disese characterised by clu cells?

A

gardinella vaginalis

81
Q

Which disease similar to capusi sarcoma, and characterised by red purpule papulare skin rash

A

Bacillary angiomtatosis ( by bartonella)

82
Q

Lemierrs syndrome definition :-

A

Thrombophilibitis of internal jugular vein

Microbiology (13 decks)

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