Goats Flashcards
Biological characters of goats
- Larger volume rumen by 10%
> higher cellullytic bacteria - Selective: get the best part of bad pasture
- Highest urea content of all ruminants
- Economical: 1L milk per 1.5L of water consumed
- Increased retention time due to increased GI length
Standard goat:
BW: 60kg 1000g/lactation > Daily: 4kg/day > Milk fat: 3.5% DMi: 1.5-5% Grass consumption: 3.65kg DM Energy: 10Mj/day Protein: 53g/day
Traditional goat diet
- Hay: Meadow, sugar beet slices, oats or barley, soyabean
- TMR silage: Silomaize silage, alfalfa hay, sugar beet slices, soyabean
- Green grass diet: Grass, maize grains, field pea and sweet lupin
Feeding of Kids
Colostrum days 0-3/4
Milk replacer at day 4
> Drink 2X day
Introduce conc and hay at day 10
Kids
weaning
Age 90 days BW 12Kg
Not before 5 weeks!!
Feeding after weaning
DMi:
> 1-10weeks 0.7kg
> under 3 months: 1Kg
> 5-7 months: 1.5kg
Starter: 0-2weeks post weaning
Grower: 2week-4months post weaning
Growing kids nutrition
Period 1
Period 1 Age 1-3months BWG 150-180g/day > 0.2kg concentrates > 0.6kg meadow hay > 0.3kg green forage
Growing kid nutrition
Period 2
Age 3-7months
> 0.5kg concentrate
> 0.7 Kg meadow hay
> 0.6kg green forage
Bucks vs female
Bucks slaughter at 1-2 months
> fed on milk or milk replacer
Females: kept for milk production: 55% of BW should be reached by autumn (35kg)
Dairy goats
Production and production: 1 year Drying off: 3.5months pregnancy: 5 months Lactation: 8.5 months > Lactation occurs for 1.5 months after mating Mating: seasonal autumn Kidding: feb/march Liter weight: 10-12% of mothers BW
Nutrition of lactating goat
1st 3 months: low requirement Drying off: straw + water 2months prior to kidding: steaming up > DMi: incr. 20-25% energy 2 weeks prior to lambing: decrease DMi > prevent pregnancy toxaemia Prior to kidding: 50% wheat bran: prevent constipation
Daily nutrition of goat
DM:
> Non-pregnant or pregnant: 1.7-1.9kg/day
> Lactating goat: 2.9-3.9kg/day
> grazing activity: +25-70%
Milk production: 50kg milk > NEl: 23MJ MF: 364g Ca: P = 2:1 > Premixes: 20% Ca and 7% P
Feeding of bucks
Not breeding season: Maintenance diet Winter: 7-10kg silage or haylage 3-4 weeks prior to mating season: > incr. concentrates to 0.8-1kg/day > Mainly oats Carrots + raw eggs beeficial Water + salt lick ad lib