Ducks

Question 1

Birth weight

Answer 1

50-55g

Question 2

Feed efficiency:

Answer 2

2.6-2.8kg/kg

Question 3

Lifespan

Answer 3

49 days (7weeks)

Question 4

Slaughter weight:

Answer 4

3.0-3.2

Question 5

Growth capacity

Answer 5

80% by 49 days

Question 6

Feed efficiency:

Not effect as broilers, Why?

Answer 6

Beak: not adapted to eat pellets
Crop: no storage
Vividness: high energy as high activity
Tapwater: 3-5L, frequent drinking cause waste of feed

Question 7

Growth capacity of broilers and ducks similar, why is the protein lower in ducks?

Answer 7

Duck has no crop, meaning no storage

> less nutrients due to increased feed intake: Diluted feed

Question 8

Roasting duck diet

Answer 8

Starter
Grower
Finisher

Question 9

Roasting duck diet

CP

Answer 9

Starter: 21%
Grower: 18%
Finisher: 16%

Question 10

Roasting duck diet:

ME (Mj)

Answer 10

Starter: 12Mj
Grower: 12.5 Mj
Finisher: 12.9 mj

Question 11

Roasting ducks

Housing

Answer 11

1. semi- intensive:
> 0-18 days: confined area
> 19-47: released to dry or wet area
2. Intensive:
> Autumn to winter period
> confined area always
> more expensive

Question 12

Duck liver

Answer 12

More economical than goose liver
Males only
Mulard or moscovy ducks

Question 13

Duck liver

Force Feeding

Answer 13

Use carbohydrate (cereals)
Starch —> tryglycerides —> removed fro Liver by VLDL
Need triglyceride prod. > than VLDL transport
Overfeed duck on carbohydrates

Question 14

How to lower fat transport?

Answer 14

1. Corn: Low levels of meth and choline
   > Give Veg oils (aid swallowing)
   > Problem: swallow air ==> decr. Feed efficiency
2. Soft mash: (mixed with water)
   > decr. air swallowing but decr. Fi ==> decr. FE
   Solution: join 1 and 2!!

Question 15

Meth and choline

Answer 15

Transfer fat to subcutaneous tissue
> not what we want for liver production
> feed corn!!

Question 16

Muscovy duck

Answer 16

Force feeding starts: Wk 12
Duration 14 days
6-7kg corn (500g/day)
Feed 2 times per day
Liver weight: 450g
Lipid loss at cooking 30%

Question 17

Mulard duck

Answer 17

Force feeding begins at week 12
Duration 10 days
8Kg corn or 800g/day
Liver weight 600g
Lipid loss at roasting 15%

Question 18

Breeding ducks

Answer 18

Duckling: 0-Wk 27
Laying: Wk 28-57 (210days)

Question 19

Breeding duck diet

Answer 19

Wk 0 -7: same as roasting diet
Wk 8-25: rearer diet (150-180g/day)
Wk 26-56: layer diet

Question 20

Breeding duck

CP

Answer 20

Rearer diet: 14.5%

Layer diet: 17%

Question 21

Breeding duck

ME (Mj)

Answer 21

Rearer: 11 MJ
Layer: 12 MJ

Question 22

2nd laying season

Answer 22

10% drop in production

More economical than rearing a new batch of ducklings

Question 23

Breeding ducks

Calcium

Answer 23

8—-> 29g/kg

Question 24

Ducking diet

Weight gain

Answer 24

600-800g

Question 25

Onset of egg production

Answer 25

Wk 28: end of January

Question 26

Length of egg laying

Answer 26

210 days

Question 27

Number of eggs produced

Answer 27

130-150 eggs