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Nutrition 2 > Chickens > Flashcards

Chickens Flashcards

1
Q

Body length: GI length

A

1: 6

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2
Q

Transition time

A

12hrs

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3
Q

Crop

A

Storage

Not in goose or duck

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4
Q

Gizzard

A

Food grinding, contains grit

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5
Q

Ceca

A

Under developed
only 10% of food enter ceca
No microbial fermentation

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6
Q

CP Poultry

A

CP: 2-3%

except goose

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7
Q

Light breeds

A

Leg horn

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8
Q

Med breeds

A

Rhode Island, Plymouth rock

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9
Q

Heavy breed

A

Cornish

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10
Q

Broiler

length of fattening

A

38-40 days

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11
Q

Broiler hatching weight

A

60g

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12
Q

Broiler

Slaughtering weight

A

2.5kg

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13
Q

Broiler

Feed efficiency

A

1.7kg/kg

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14
Q

Broiler Dressing %

A

> 70%

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15
Q

Broiler

Protein vs fat inbuilding

A

incr. age: decrease protein inbuilding and incr. fat inbuilding

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16
Q

Broiler

Amino acids

A

Lysine: enhance BV of protein
Met + cys: feather production
Omega 6: growth capacity
> Def: Dermatitis

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17
Q

Ca:P

A

2:1

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18
Q

CP

A

Starter (0-10days) Cp 23.5
Grower (11-24days) CP 22.0
Finisher (25-40 days) CP 20

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19
Q

ME

A

Starter: ME: 12.6
Grower: 13.3
Finisher: 13.6

20
Q

Artificial light

A

0- 24hrs
day 3: 23hrs
Day 21: 20hrs @ lux 8 or 2hrs on 4hrs off

21
Q

Feed sources

A

Energy (60-70%): cereal grains
Protein (30-40%): legume seeds, extracted oil seeds meals
Energy supplement: plant + veg oils
Ca + P supplement: limestone, MCP

22
Q

Male vs female

A

Male 10% faster

> 1 week sooner finishing

23
Q

Pullet:

A

0-8 weeks: starter

9-17 weeks: Grower

24
Q

Starter

A

CP: 17.0
Me: 11.7 MJ

25
Q

Grower

A

CP: 15.0
Me: 11.7 Mj

26
Q

Layer

A

18-20 weeks: Prelayer
21-64 weeks: Layer 1
65-76 weeks: Layer 2

27
Q

Prelayer:

A

CP: 16
Me: 12

28
Q

Layer 1

A

CP: 18

Me 12

29
Q

Layer 2

A

CP 16

Me 11.5

30
Q

Layer Ca

A

18-37.5g/kg

31
Q

Level of egg production

A 
Wk 18: 5%
Wk 20: 10%
Wk 21-23: 50-60%
Wk: 24-26: 95%
Wk: 64-75: 75%
32
Q

Egg weight

A

60g

33
Q

laying length

A

Wk 18-76 or 1year

34
Q

Egg prod

A

320-330

1 every 26hrs

35
Q

Hen types

A

Leghorn X Rhode island = Tetra brown

36
Q

Light increase

A 
As egg production increase
wk 18: Incr. by an hour a week
Wk 22: 12hrs 20 lux
wk: 24: 14hrs 20 lux
wk 65: 16 hrs, 20 lux
37
Q

Feed efficiency

A

2kg/kg eggs (16 eggs)

38
Q

2nd laying period

A

Induce moult
No food for 1st 10 days
days 11-30: worn or wheat ad lib
Days 31-68: layer diet ad lib

Prod. 75% of 1st period
Larger better quality egg.

39
Q

Metabolic trouble in poultry

A 
Early mortality
Acute death syndrome
Malabsorption syndrome
Ascites syndrome
Skeletal disorders
Cage layers fatigue
Fatty liver haemorrhage syndrome
Aortic rupture of turkey
40
Q

Early mortality

A

Target: 1 day old chicks
Cause: weak hatchling, infectious disease
> inadequate passing of micro-elements from mother

41
Q

Acute death syndrome

A

Flip over syndrome, supine position at 3-4weeks
> Intensively reared turkeys and chickens, Male > female
> Predisposing factors: genetics, intense feeding
> causes: breakdown of cardiac function,
ionophones coccidiostats, heat stress
Solution: Day 20 day long feed restricition

42
Q

Malabsorbtion syndrome

A

Helicopter disease, runting and shunting at 3-4 wks
> Leg weakness, enlarged crop, diarrhoea, under developed feathers
> target: broiler chicks
> Cause: viral, feed mycotoxins, decrease immune system
> solution: Vits and broad spec antibiotics

43
Q

Ascites syndrome

A

Oedema disease
> Abdomen filled with fluid, blue
> Target: Broiler males
> cause: decrease in O2 intake (cardio-pulmonary failure): due to genotype, small lungs, nutritional factors, mycotoxins in feed
> solution: can not influence already active symptoms
Prevent: decrease protein and energy, incr. ventlation

44
Q

Skeletal disorders

A

Predisposing fators: genotype, intensive feeding, lack of minerals + vitamins
> Rickets
> Perosis: slipping of tendon
> Dyschondripoplasia: abnormal development of cartilage
> Torsion of tibia: twisted leg syndrome

45
Q

Cage layers fatigue

A

Usually due to Ca metabolism problem
>cannot stand, eat, bone fractures, egg shell problems
>solution: Ca and Vit D supplementation

46
Q

Fatty liver heamorrhage syndrome

A

Disturbance of fat metabolism in high producing eggs
>significant drop in egg #s (30-40%)
> symptoms: Fat accumulation in hepatocytes + abd, subscapular hemorrhage,
> predisposing factors
> Diets high in Carbohydrates
> Intesne egg production
> poor physical activity
> solution: replace starch with veg oils (5-6%)

47
Q

Aortic rupture turkey

A

Target: 12-16 week old turkeys
> Copper def: unable to make collagen and elastic fibers
> blood drains into body cavity

Nutrition 2 (12 decks)

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