gm 1-5 pt. 2

Question 1

jump

Answer 1

jump from static position with 2 feet together

• adequate spring
• land with both feet quietly at the same time(controlled)
• muslce power, MP, vis., prop., tactile and vestib.

Question 2

jump performance

Answer 2

emergence = 18mths - 2 feet together, hands held

emerges = 2 years jumps independentlu, one foot leading

prog. = 3yrs 2 feet together
4yrs = 2 feet together, broad jump over hurdle rope (15cm above floor)

Question 3

jump abnormality

Answer 3

• one foor leading after 2 years
• lack of spring
• uncontrolled landing
• asymmetrical spring
• abnormal mvmt patterns during jumping
• unable 2 jump due to inadequate muscle power/poor MP/lack of motivation
• One foot leading after 2 years due to asymmetry of muscle strength, poor MP

Question 4

SLS

Answer 4

• ability to perform unilat. WB on both legs with stability and postural control over a period of time
• vis., prop., tactile and vestibular input

Question 5

typical SLS

Answer 5

emergence = 3 - 3.5yrs child should be able to stand on one leg for 3 - 5 seconds

emerges: 4 years - SLS for 4-8 secs
prog: 6 yrs 8> secs with arms crossed or hands on hips

Question 6

atypical SLS

Answer 6

• can’t stand on one leg/integrate bilateral postural support
• excessive trunk,hip,knee or arm mvmts to maintain balance
• asymmetrical associated reactions (eg poking out tongue)
• inability requires more detailed assessment and potential referral
• excessive UL or body mvmts indicates poor static balance

Question 7

propulsion: hop

Answer 7

• ability to maintain ext. of one knee whilst contralat. knee is flexed and hop rhythmically on both legs with spring and control
• Muscle power of PF, glutes, quads,hamies, * MP
• prop, vis, tactile and vestib

Question 8

timeline of hop

Answer 8

emergence: 3yrs=arms abd. 3x hops on preferred leg
prog: 4 yrs = 5x hops both legs
5 yrs = 10 hops controlled on spot, arms by side
6 yrs = directional hopping

Question 9

atypical hop

Answer 9

• can’t hop
• awkward
• abnormal mvmt pattern
• excessive UL mvmt at 5yrs
• poor trunk, pelvis or lib control
• excessive energy expenditure
• can’t hop due to poor MS/balance/MP
• lack control/abnormal pattern due to lack of practice/poor MP/coordination/MS or tone

Question 10

Balls skills

Answer 10

throw/catch/kick ball whilst maintaining balance and postural control

• vis., prop and tactile
• MP

Question 11

ball skills timeline

Answer 11

2yrs = kicks stationary ball and can throw but not catch
3yrs = catches large ball with arms extended (chest catch)
4yrs = football catch (flex elbows and sup. forearms)
5yrs = catch 20cm ball with hands parallel
5-6 yrs = catch tennis ball
6+ yrs = cup catch with tennis ball in one hand and perform drop and catch
7 yrs = spider catch
8 yrs = wrist dissociation to perform pat bouncing and drop/clap/catch skills
8+ = accuracy of throwing at a target should be improved with practise and experience

Question 12

atypical ball

Answer 12

• poor accuracy
• poor reaction time
• doesn’t follow ball trajectory with catching
• doesn;t keep eyes on target with throwing
• mvmt lacks fluency
• no follow through with arm after throwing
• poor balance
• no adjustment of body posture
• force with erros
• loss of balance when catching can be due to poor dynamic balance with dual tasking
• poor reaction time / inability to catch indicates further assessment required.
• may be due to inexperience ^