Glycolysis Flashcards
What is Oxidation?
is the loss of an electron or hydrogen atom which release energy in chemical reactions.
What is Reduction?
is the gain of an electron or hydrogen atom which store energy in chemical bonds.
In cellular respiration, carbons in glucose are ________ and oxygen is _________ to form water.
oxidized, reduced
What is Aerobic Respiration?
Cellular process that requires
the presence of O2
An example of aerobic respiration?
cellular respiration
What is anaerobic Respiration?
Cellular process that does not use O2
What is Obligate Aerobes?
are organisms that require oxygen to survive because they rely on aerobic respiration to produce energy. Without oxygen, they can’t grow or carry out their vital functions.
Example of obligate aerobes
most animals, fungi
What is Obligate Anaerobes?
Organisms that can only live in an
environment that has no O2
Example of obligate anaerobes
Locked jaw
What is Facultative Anaerobes?
Organisms that can perform aerobic
respiration when O2 is present and
survive in anaerobic conditions
Example of Facultative Anaerobes
E. Coli
All organisms use glucose as a primary source of energy,
except __________
chemoautotrophs
What is cellular respiration?
a controlled method to harness and store the energy which would otherwise be lost as light and heat.
The harnessed energy from cellular respiration is ultimately stored as….
Adenosine Triphosphate
What is substrate level phosphorylation ?
SLP is like a direct, quick way to make ATP
Glycolysis + Krebs
What is Oxidative phosphorlation?
OP is a slower, oxygen-dependent method that makes more ATP
We Get Energy from ATP by
__________ the high- energy
bonds between the last two
____________ in ATP
breaking, phosphates
______ and P are more
stable than _____.
ADP, ATP
CR ________ energy (exergonic) in a _______ pathway
releases, catabolic
Is fermentation anaerobic or aerobic? Does it produce extra ATP or no extra ATP at all?
It produces no extra ATP and it is anaerobic
What is Glycolysis?
Glycolysis is the first chemical pathway involved in the splitting of glucose.
________ organisms only
go through glycolysis
anaerobic
Where does glycolysis occur ?
Occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell (not the mitochondria)
Glycolysis ends with..
2 net ATP molecules + 2 pyruvates (a 3 C molecule) +
2NADH
Fermentation is in
Animal – Lactate (Lactic Acid)
Plants, Yeast, Bacteria – alcohol + CO2
What is phosphorylation
The transferring of a phosphate group from a high energy compound (ATP) to ADP molecule.
What is glycolysis?
The first stage of cellular respiration, the splitting of glucose.
NAD is reduced into NADH, which means a hydrogen/oxygen atom is added
…
NADH is OXIDIZEDES into NAD, which means it loses a hydrogen/oxygen atom
….
Pyruvate oxidation happens
in the presence of oxygen and converts pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, producing NADH and CO₂.
Fermentation occurs
without oxygen and converts pyruvate into lactate or ethanol (ALCOHOL), regenerating NAD⁺ but producing no additional ATP.
Aerobic respiration means ____ ATP is produced
more
Anaerobic respiration means _____ ATP is produced
less
What is decarboxylation?
The removal of a carbon dioxide (CO₂) molecule from a compound, usually in metabolic reactions.
Does pyruvate oxidation produce extra ATP or no ATP at all? Is it aerobic or anaerobic respiration?
it doesn’t produce extra nor does produce it all all. It is just aerobic
