Glomerulonephritides Flashcards
Proteinuria Hypertension Oedema Decreased UO Microscopic haematuria
Likely glomerulonephritis
Microscopic haematuria as incidental finding could be either a
Benign familial haematuria
Incidental finding
What can stain urine red but not be blood
Drugs (rifampicin, chloroquine)
Beetroot
Metabolites (porphyrins urate metHB)
If there is blood in urine but no RBCs what are the likely causes
Haemoglobinuria (haemolytic anaemia)
Or
Myoglobinuria (rhabdo)
If there is blood in urine which contains red blood cells and is associated with proteinuria
Most likely a glomerular cause
If there is blood in urine which contains red blood cells and is not associated with proteinuria
Is most likely an extra glomerular cause
What are the 6 main causes of extraglomerular haematuria
UTI Trauma Stones Rumours Anatomical abn Coagulopathy
What are the 4 things seen in nephrotic syndrome?
Proteinuria
Oedema
Hypoalbuminaemia
Hyperlipidaemia
What is seen in nephrotic syndrome
Proteinuria Haematuria Azotaemia Red blood cell casts Anti streptolysin O titres Okiguria Hypertension
(Pharaoh)
Which glomerular conditions cause nephrotic syndrome
Minimal change
Membranous
FsGs
Nodular
What conditions cause nephrotic syndrome
Anca +ve
Anti GBM
ASOT+
IgA
What are the two main causes of nodular GN and how do you differentiate between?
Diabetes or amyloidosis
Differentiate via Congo red staining
Otherwise well child with peripheral oedema with a recent UrTi
Minimal change disease
Steroid responsive
What are the two types of large vessel vasculitus
Temporal and takayasu
What are the two types of medium vessel vasculitis
Polyarteritis nodosa and Kawasaki disease
What are the 4 anca positive small cell vascultiis
Wegners
Churg struss
MPA
Hypersensitivity vasculitis
What are the 4 anca negative small cell vascultiis
HSP
Good pastures
Behcets
Cryoglobulinaemia
Anti GBM
Good pastures
Does lupus nephritis present as a nephrotic or nephrotic syndrome
Mixed
When does post strep GN usually occur
2-3 weeks after infection
What is another name for Bergerac disease
IgA nephroptahy
IgA really common in children especially post
URTi
What are the causes of membrane proliferation GN
HepC
HepB
Lupus
Cryoglobulinaemia
Hodgkin’s lymphoma can cause what type of GN
Minimal change
