Glomerular disease II Flashcards
how does thrombosis occur due to nephrotic syndrome?
loss of hemostasis control proteins
how does infection occur due to nephrotic syndrome?
loss of Igs
how does microcytic hypochromic anemia occur due to nephrotic syndrome?
transferrin loss
what are the primary nephrotic syndromes?
- minimal change
- focal segmental glomerulonephritis
- membranous glomerulopathy
what is seen in membranous GN?
- foot process effacement
- thickened GBM
the microalbuminuria and proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy is due to what general cause?
hyperfiltration
where are amyloid fibrils seen on EM in amyloid nephropathy?
mesangium
patients over age 50 presenting with nephropathy should be evaluated for __________
malignancy
is malignancy related to minimal change disease / FSGS? what types?
- hodgkin disease
- lymphoma / leukemia
- solid tumors of lung, pancreas
what are the three pathognesis mechanisms of glomerular injury?
- immunologic
- nonimmunologic
what is the mechanism of injury in pauci immune GNs if there are no antibodies detected?
ANCA stimulates cytokine-priemd neutrophils to generate ROS that injure endothelium in vivo
intraglomerular pressure is a stimulus for what process? what therapy can mitigate this injury?
- mesangial matrix production and GS
- blocking renin-AT-aldosterone (ACEI, ARBs, renin inhibitors, aldosterone antagonists)
what 2 aspects of renal damage are related to proteinuria?
- proteinuria is a marker for intraglomerular HTN and therefore an important prognostic factor
- proteinuria itself causes renal damage
the severity of proteinuria is related to the likelihood of ______________
progresion of underlying renal disease
what are the indications for percutaneous renal biopsy?
- cause cannot be found by less invasive means
- signs and symptoms suggest a disease that needs pathology evaluation
- differential diagnoses include diseases that have different treatments or prognoses
