Glial Cells

Question 1

Who named Glial cells?

Answer 1

Rudolph Virchow

Question 2

T/F: Neuron to glial cell ration is 2:1

Answer 2

False: 1:1

Question 3

How are glial cells similar to neurons

Answer 3

They both have membrane potentials, ion channels, receptors for neurotransmitters, and produce neurotransmitters.

Question 4

How are glial cells different than neurons?

Answer 4

They do not form action potentials and cannot divide

Question 5

T/F: The cortex contains the most neurons

Answer 5

False: The cerebellum contains the most neurons. The cortex contains more non-neurons than neurons

Question 6

Name the different glial cells

Answer 6

Astrocytes, Schwann cells, Oligodendrocytes, Microglia, Ependymal cell, Radial glia

Question 7

Microglia vs Macroglia

Answer 7

Microglia are small, mesoderm derived, and in the CNS. Macroglia are larger, ectoderm derived, and in the CNS and PNS

Question 8

What is a small and spindly glial cell?

Answer 8

Microglia

Question 9

What glial cell once activated changes their morphology and rapidly proliferates?

Answer 9

Microglia

Question 10

What glial cells acts as macrophages which remove neuronal debris after injury, infection, or disease by phagocytosis

Answer 10

Microglia

Question 11

What is the most abundant glial cell in the CNS?

Answer 11

Astrocytes

Question 12

What are the 6 function of astrocytes?

Answer 12

1. Structural Support 2. Control chemical environment of neurons 3.Supply neurons with nutrients 4. Glial end feet 5. Production of various growth factors, cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and extracellular matrix proteins 6. Astrocytes are activated in many CNS disorders

Question 13

What do glial end feet do?

Answer 13

regulate development of blood brain barrier, which is made up by endothelial cells

Question 14

What are the various growth factors??

Answer 14

NGF, CNTF

Question 15

What insulates axons with myelin in CNS?

Answer 15

Oligodendrocytes

Question 16

What function do radial glia cells provide?

Answer 16

Guide migrating neurons and axons

Question 17

What glial cells insulates axons with myelin in the PNS?

Answer 17

Schwann cells

Question 18

What channels are highly concentrated in the Nodes of Ranvier?

Answer 18

Sodium channels

Question 19

What myelin proteins are in the CNS?

Answer 19

Myelin Basic Protein (MBP); Myelin-associated Glycoprotein (MAG); Proteolipid (PLP)

Question 20

What myelin proteins are in the PNS?

Answer 20

Myelin Basic Protein (MBP); Myelin-associated Glycoprotein (MAG); Protein zero (Po); Peripheral Myelin Protein (PMP22)

Question 21

T/F: Glial cells have membrane potentials that are slightly more negatives than neurons

Answer 21

True (-75 mV)