Glenohumeral joint Flashcards
What is the name of the structure which depends the glenoid cavity?
It is a fibrocartilaginous ring called the glenoid labrum
Name some structures which help to stabilise the glenohumeral joint.
Rotator cuff muscles, ligaments and capsule.
Where does the capsule of the glenohumeral joint attach?
It attaches at the anatomical neck of humerus except medially where it dips down to the surgical neck.
Name two openings in the glenohumeral joint capsule.
There is one anterior so that there can be communication with the subscapular bursa.
Also it bridges the Intertubecular groove and allows the biceps tendon to pass through.
Name the three extra capsular glenohumeral ligaments
Coracoacromial ligament, coracohumeral ligament, transverse humeral ligament.
Where does the coracohumeral ligament lie?
It attaches to the base of the coracoid process and the anterior part of the greater tubercle of humerus.
Name the three ligaments which lie between the glenoid labrum and the humerus. What is their function
These are the inter capsular ligaments and they are called superior, inferior and middle. They reinforce the joint capsule anteriorly.
What is the CAA? What does it prevent and therefore what happens clinically instead?
This is the coracoacromial arch and it is a strong structure to prevent superior dislocation of the humerus. This means the clavicle is susceptible to fracture.
What is the role of the subacromial bursa?
It allows movement of the supra spinous tendon under the CAA and also allows form movement of the deltoid muscle over the joint cavity.
What structure facilitates movement of the subscapular tendon over the scapula?
Subscapular bursa.
What arteries supply the glenohumeral joint?
Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries and the supra scapular artery
Name the three nerves which supply the glenohumeral joint
Axillary, suprascapula and lateral pectoral.
What is the common direction of shoulder dislocation?
Inferiorly. Clinically it is described as anteriorly as this is where the head comes to lie due to the powerful muscles.
How can you test for axillary nerve function and which nerve supplies this area?
Test for sensation in the regimental badge area. This is supplied by the lateral cutaneous nerve of arm.
What is painful arc syndrome?
This is where pain is experienced on abduction between 50 and 130 degrees due to impingement of the supraspinatous tendon.
